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Another Bank of Canada interest rate hike within realm of possibility, outlook event hears – Financial Post

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Pundits weigh in on interest rates, recession, mortgages and more

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The slowing economy, interest rate uncertainty and geopolitical tumult were all high on the agenda at the 47th annual outlook luncheon hosted by The National Post, Financial Post and the Canadian Club of Toronto at the Royal York Hotel on Jan. 10. This year’s panel of experts, who were asked to unpack the issues likely to make waves in 2024, included Jean-François Perrault, senior vice-president and chief economist at Scotiabank; Amanda Lang, host of Bell Media’s Taking Stock; Dennis Mitchell, chief executive offcier and chief investment officer of Starlight Capital; and National Post columnist Sabrina Maddeaux. Here are some of the highlights from their discussion about the year ahead.

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Recession or no recession?

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Economists have been planning for the possibility of recession in 2024 — technical or otherwise — for months. But some on the outlook panel suggested the gloomier scenarios may be overdone and that Canada might avoid a recession altogether. “We’re reasonably optimistic that we avoid a recession, in the traditional sense of the word,” panelist Jean-François Perrault said, adding that while there’s no question the economy has slowed, households are hanging in there. That provides some comfort that some of the worst potential outcomes won’t materialize.

Dennis Mitchell said that North American stock markets are reflecting that more optimistic scenario in which a hard landing is avoided. The Toronto Stock Exchange and the S&P500 are trading at levels that are “certainly not recession multiples,” Mitchell said, noting they are currently pricing in a healthy number of rate cuts. Earnings growth expectations in the U.S. are also around 11 to 12 per cent, levels not indicative at all of a potential recession, raising the possibility of a correction if the economic picture darkens.

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Amanda Lang also noted that stock markets appear to be disconnected from the economy and may be overshooting to the upside. “When the S&P is forecasting profit growth of 11 per cent, the underlying assumption is economic growth of five per cent,” she explained. That’s a far cry from recent readings of flat GDP growth.

Sabrina Maddeaux, Jean-Francois Perrault, Amanda Land, Dennis Mitchell and Joe Hood at Canadian Club of Toronto’s 47th annual outlook luncheon on Jan. 10 at the Royal York Hotel in Toronto. Photo by Mike Hagarty

The mortgage cliff is coming, housing affordability is not

While the economy might skirt a recession, it will have to overcome a wave of mortgage refinancings that will pick up dramatically in 2024. Mitchell said Canada will see more mortgage refinancing for both fixed rate and variable rate mortgages, which will eventually put downward pressure on household spending and as a result, GDP growth — unless wages keep up.

“(The mortgage cliff) is real. It’s in the data,” Lang said, adding that banks know exactly what is happening.

Perrault, however, said a study on mortgage renewals the Bank of Canada published last month suggested the cliff may not be such a big deal after all, given the resilience of the Canadian consumer. “It’s easy to overplay how worrisome this kind of renewal wave will be,” he added.

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When it came to affordability, Sabrina Maddeaux said government intervention is often the problem. “Mostly they need to get out of the way,” she said, pointing to restrictive zoning across the country that basically makes a lot of housing impossible, contributing to supply shortages.

Maddeaux said growing immigration in Canada, which she described as “completely unsustainable” is having also effect on housing affordability.

“We can’t only be talking about supply, we also have to talk about demand,” she said, adding that this is particularly true when it comes to uncapped international student visas.

On a more fundamental level, Lang and Mitchell disagreed on the right lens through which to view Canada’s housing challenges. Mitchell described housing as “a commodity, like anything else,” noting that other commodities like oil and copper are also subject to the laws of supply and demand and thus to being “unaffordable” at times.

Lang disagreed. “Housing is a basic human right,” she said, and thus shouldn’t be treated like other commodities. “A roof over your head is a basic human right.”

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Counting on interest rate cuts

Closely tied to the question about recession is whether the Bank of Canada will cut interest rates in 2024, and if so when and how far?

While Perrault said Scotiabank is of the view that rates will get cut in the second part of this year, he said it wasn’t outside the realm of possibility that Tiff Macklem and the central bank could be forced to hike at some point between now and the summer.

With core measures of inflation stuck at the three-and-a-half per cent range, and strong wage gains being generated in labour markets, there’s a chance the dragon has not been slayed after all.

“It’s not inconceivable at all,” he said. “And he’s been very clear about the fact that he might need to do this.”

Of geopolitics and U.S. politics

With two major wars underway and the prospect of a tumultuous U.S. election at the end of the year, international affairs loom large for 2024.

Maddeaux said she doesn’t see the Israel’s war against Hamas ending anytime soon.

“At least in the first half of the year, Israel has made it very clear that they plan to defend themselves and that they feel the need to eradicate Hamas. So that will continue to play out,” she said.

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While wars like the conflict in Gaza and Russia’s invasion of Ukraine have a human toll and disrupt supply chains, Perrault said the impact from the upcoming U.S. election will have the biggest impact on Canada’s economic well-being.

A win by former president Donald Trump would be a “much more meaningful disrupter of the global economy” than whatever happens in those wars, he said.

“That effectively is a big geopolitical shock.”

• Email: dpaglinawan@postmedia.com

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Economy

B.C.’s debt and deficit forecast to rise as the provincial election nears

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VICTORIA – British Columbia is forecasting a record budget deficit and a rising debt of almost $129 billion less than two weeks before the start of a provincial election campaign where economic stability and future progress are expected to be major issues.

Finance Minister Katrine Conroy, who has announced her retirement and will not seek re-election in the Oct. 19 vote, said Tuesday her final budget update as minister predicts a deficit of $8.9 billion, up $1.1 billion from a forecast she made earlier this year.

Conroy said she acknowledges “challenges” facing B.C., including three consecutive deficit budgets, but expected improved economic growth where the province will start to “turn a corner.”

The $8.9 billion deficit forecast for 2024-2025 is followed by annual deficit projections of $6.7 billion and $6.1 billion in 2026-2027, Conroy said at a news conference outlining the government’s first quarterly financial update.

Conroy said lower corporate income tax and natural resource revenues and the increased cost of fighting wildfires have had some of the largest impacts on the budget.

“I want to acknowledge the economic uncertainties,” she said. “While global inflation is showing signs of easing and we’ve seen cuts to the Bank of Canada interest rates, we know that the challenges are not over.”

Conroy said wildfire response costs are expected to total $886 million this year, more than $650 million higher than originally forecast.

Corporate income tax revenue is forecast to be $638 million lower as a result of federal government updates and natural resource revenues are down $299 million due to lower prices for natural gas, lumber and electricity, she said.

Debt-servicing costs are also forecast to be $344 million higher due to the larger debt balance, the current interest rate and accelerated borrowing to ensure services and capital projects are maintained through the province’s election period, said Conroy.

B.C.’s economic growth is expected to strengthen over the next three years, but the timing of a return to a balanced budget will fall to another minister, said Conroy, who was addressing what likely would be her last news conference as Minister of Finance.

The election is expected to be called on Sept. 21, with the vote set for Oct. 19.

“While we are a strong province, people are facing challenges,” she said. “We have never shied away from taking those challenges head on, because we want to keep British Columbians secure and help them build good lives now and for the long term. With the investments we’re making and the actions we’re taking to support people and build a stronger economy, we’ve started to turn a corner.”

Premier David Eby said before the fiscal forecast was released Tuesday that the New Democrat government remains committed to providing services and supports for people in British Columbia and cuts are not on his agenda.

Eby said people have been hurt by high interest costs and the province is facing budget pressures connected to low resource prices, high wildfire costs and struggling global economies.

The premier said that now is not the time to reduce supports and services for people.

Last month’s year-end report for the 2023-2024 budget saw the province post a budget deficit of $5.035 billion, down from the previous forecast of $5.9 billion.

Eby said he expects government financial priorities to become a major issue during the upcoming election, with the NDP pledging to continue to fund services and the B.C. Conservatives looking to make cuts.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

Note to readers: This is a corrected story. A previous version said the debt would be going up to more than $129 billion. In fact, it will be almost $129 billion.

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Economy

Mark Carney mum on carbon-tax advice, future in politics at Liberal retreat

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NANAIMO, B.C. – Former Bank of Canada governor Mark Carney says he’ll be advising the Liberal party to flip some the challenges posed by an increasingly divided and dangerous world into an economic opportunity for Canada.

But he won’t say what his specific advice will be on economic issues that are politically divisive in Canada, like the carbon tax.

He presented his vision for the Liberals’ economic policy at the party’s caucus retreat in Nanaimo, B.C. today, after he agreed to help the party prepare for the next election as chair of a Liberal task force on economic growth.

Carney has been touted as a possible leadership contender to replace Justin Trudeau, who has said he has tried to coax Carney into politics for years.

Carney says if the prime minister asks him to do something he will do it to the best of his ability, but won’t elaborate on whether the new adviser role could lead to him adding his name to a ballot in the next election.

Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland says she has been taking advice from Carney for years, and that his new position won’t infringe on her role.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

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Nova Scotia bill would kick-start offshore wind industry without approval from Ottawa

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HALIFAX – The Nova Scotia government has introduced a bill that would kick-start the province’s offshore wind industry without federal approval.

Natural Resources Minister Tory Rushton says amendments within a new omnibus bill introduced today will help ensure Nova Scotia meets its goal of launching a first call for offshore wind bids next year.

The province wants to offer project licences by 2030 to develop a total of five gigawatts of power from offshore wind.

Rushton says normally the province would wait for the federal government to adopt legislation establishing a wind industry off Canada’s East Coast, but that process has been “progressing slowly.”

Federal legislation that would enable the development of offshore wind farms in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland and Labrador has passed through the first and second reading in the Senate, and is currently under consideration in committee.

Rushton says the Nova Scotia bill mirrors the federal legislation and would prevent the province’s offshore wind industry from being held up in Ottawa.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

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