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At least two-thirds of Australian children have had coronavirus, study suggests

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Nearly two-thirds of Australian children are believed to have had COVID-19, with the rate potentially as high as 90 per cent, a new national survey suggests.

Two surveys examined blood samples, known as a serosurvey, in children and adolescents, with the other focusing on adults.

The children and adolescents survey found at least 64 per cent of people aged 19 and below had antibodies suggesting they had been infected with the virus.

Kobie, age 11, having a blood test at The Children’s Hospital at Westmead. (Supplied)

In unvaccinated children aged one to four, approximately eight out of 10 had evidence of past infection.

The child and adolescent study was led by the Paediatric Active Enhanced Diseases Surveillance (PAEDS) Network and the National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance (NCIRS), in collaboration with Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory.

A total of 2046 blood samples were tested, having been collected between June and August this year.

Dr Archana Koirala, an infectious disease specialist at NCIRS and the paediatric study lead, said the findings are more than double the number of cases reported based on nose and throat swab testing for the virus.

COVID-19 seen under a microscope. (Getty Images/iStockphoto)

“Overall, this study tells us that at least two-thirds of children in Australia have had COVID-19,” she said.

“This is expected, since many children have either mild or no symptoms and are therefore not tested for the virus.

“By looking at both vaccination status and history of infection in our study we found that four out of 10 children with no reported history of COVID-19 in fact were positive for antibodies, indicating infection.”

Antibodies wane over time, meaning the true number of COVID-19 infections in children could be much higher.

This file images shows pneumonia in a coronavirus patient’s lungs. (New England Journal of Medicine)

Koirala said the findings of the serosurveys highlight the importance of vaccinations.

“Vaccination reduces the risk of developing severe disease if infected with the virus and should continue to be taken up according to current national recommendations that have been informed by these data,” she said.

The adult serosurvey, led by the NCIRS with the Kirby Institute and the Australian Red Cross, found at least 65 per cent of adults had antibodies indicating previous COVID-19 infection, a similar rate to the children studied.

That was a rise of about 20 per cent from a study three months earlier, with researchers believing those people had been exposed to the virus in the intervening months.

The highest prevalence was in the 18-29 age group, with 80 per cent indicating previous COVID-19 infection.

That decreases to 42 per cent in those aged 70.

The adult survey was conducted by analysing residual blood donations at three-month intervals, with infection rates similar across all states and territories.

The subvariants and mutations of COVID-19

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How many Nova Scotians are on the doctor wait-list? Number hit 160,000 in June

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HALIFAX – The Nova Scotia government says it could be months before it reveals how many people are on the wait-list for a family doctor.

The head of the province’s health authority told reporters Wednesday that the government won’t release updated data until the 160,000 people who were on the wait-list in June are contacted to verify whether they still need primary care.

Karen Oldfield said Nova Scotia Health is working on validating the primary care wait-list data before posting new numbers, and that work may take a matter of months. The most recent public wait-list figures are from June 1, when 160,234 people, or about 16 per cent of the population, were on it.

“It’s going to take time to make 160,000 calls,” Oldfield said. “We are not talking weeks, we are talking months.”

The interim CEO and president of Nova Scotia Health said people on the list are being asked where they live, whether they still need a family doctor, and to give an update on their health.

A spokesperson with the province’s Health Department says the government and its health authority are “working hard” to turn the wait-list registry into a useful tool, adding that the data will be shared once it is validated.

Nova Scotia’s NDP are calling on Premier Tim Houston to immediately release statistics on how many people are looking for a family doctor. On Tuesday, the NDP introduced a bill that would require the health minister to make the number public every month.

“It is unacceptable for the list to be more than three months out of date,” NDP Leader Claudia Chender said Tuesday.

Chender said releasing this data regularly is vital so Nova Scotians can track the government’s progress on its main 2021 campaign promise: fixing health care.

The number of people in need of a family doctor has more than doubled between the 2021 summer election campaign and June 2024. Since September 2021 about 300 doctors have been added to the provincial health system, the Health Department said.

“We’ll know if Tim Houston is keeping his 2021 election promise to fix health care when Nova Scotians are attached to primary care,” Chender said.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 11, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Newfoundland and Labrador monitoring rise in whooping cough cases: medical officer

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ST. JOHN’S, N.L. – Newfoundland and Labrador‘s chief medical officer is monitoring the rise of whooping cough infections across the province as cases of the highly contagious disease continue to grow across Canada.

Dr. Janice Fitzgerald says that so far this year, the province has recorded 230 confirmed cases of the vaccine-preventable respiratory tract infection, also known as pertussis.

Late last month, Quebec reported more than 11,000 cases during the same time period, while Ontario counted 470 cases, well above the five-year average of 98. In Quebec, the majority of patients are between the ages of 10 and 14.

Meanwhile, New Brunswick has declared a whooping cough outbreak across the province. A total of 141 cases were reported by last month, exceeding the five-year average of 34.

The disease can lead to severe complications among vulnerable populations including infants, who are at the highest risk of suffering from complications like pneumonia and seizures. Symptoms may start with a runny nose, mild fever and cough, then progress to severe coughing accompanied by a distinctive “whooping” sound during inhalation.

“The public, especially pregnant people and those in close contact with infants, are encouraged to be aware of symptoms related to pertussis and to ensure vaccinations are up to date,” Newfoundland and Labrador’s Health Department said in a statement.

Whooping cough can be treated with antibiotics, but vaccination is the most effective way to control the spread of the disease. As a result, the province has expanded immunization efforts this school year. While booster doses are already offered in Grade 9, the vaccine is now being offered to Grade 8 students as well.

Public health officials say whooping cough is a cyclical disease that increases every two to five or six years.

Meanwhile, New Brunswick’s acting chief medical officer of health expects the current case count to get worse before tapering off.

A rise in whooping cough cases has also been reported in the United States and elsewhere. The Pan American Health Organization issued an alert in July encouraging countries to ramp up their surveillance and vaccination coverage.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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