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Bank of Canada says cap on foreign students to relieve some pressure in housing market

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A for rent sign hangs outside a home in Toronto on July 12, 2022.COLE BURSTON/The Canadian Press

The Bank of Canada said on Wednesday that new limits on international students will bring some relief to the housing market, which has seen explosive growth in rents and become a major source of inflationary pressure.

On Monday, the federal government announced that it was temporarily capping the number of study visas issued to foreign students. This year, Ottawa will approve roughly 360,000 permits, a decrease of 35 per cent from 2023. Because the visas will be allotted to the provinces on a per capita basis, B.C. and Ontario – which host the overwhelming majority of international students – will experience a drastic pullback in new enrolments.

“What’s happened in the Canadian economy over the last year is we had a particularly big surge in population growth through immigration. It came at a time when there was constrained supply” in the housing market, Bank of Canada senior deputy governor Carolyn Rogers said at a press conference on Wednesday, shortly after the central bank announced it was holding its benchmark interest rate at 5 per cent.

“The policies that were announced are on their way to sort of relieving some of that pressure,” she added. “We’ll see how they play out.”

The Bank of Canada delved into persistently high shelter inflation in its Monetary Policy Report (MPR), which was published alongside the rate decision. Rents have risen by 7.7 per cent over the past year, according to Statistics Canada’s Consumer Price Index, more than double the general inflation rate.

The combination of a long-standing shortage of homes and stronger demand from newcomers has driven the overall housing vacancy rate to record lows, leading to higher rents and keeping real estate at elevated prices, the bank said in its report.

The trouble is that these supply-and-demand fundamentals are expected to persist. “While recent government actions should help moderate some of these constraints, the imbalances are expected to be resolved only gradually,” the bank’s report said.

Over the 12 months to Oct. 1, 2023, the Canadian population rose by roughly 1.25 million people, or 3.2 per cent, the strongest pace of growth since the 1950s. Most of that increase came from temporary residents, such as international students and foreign workers, who tend to rent.

“There’s little mystery behind the ongoing surge in rents,” Bank of Montreal chief economist Doug Porter said in a recent note to investors, pointing to “rollicking population growth.”

The federal government recently told The Globe and Mail that slightly more than one million people held valid study permits at the end of last year, more than half of whom were in Ontario. This amounts to a significant increase from around 350,000 in 2015.

Economists at some of Canada’s major banks have recently called on the federal government to rein in the number of newcomers, particularly when it comes to temporary residents, for whom there were no permit limits until Ottawa’s recent action on students.

The Bank of Canada expects the housing market will continue to present a challenge in wrestling inflation back to its 2-per-cent target.

In December, shelter inflation rose 6 per cent on a year-over-year basis, according to Statscan. Beyond rents, the sharp increase in mortgage interest payments – which have increased by nearly 30 per cent over the past year – has made a large contribution to above-target inflation.

“Over the next few years, shelter services price inflation is expected to decline modestly and act as a material headwind against the return of inflation to the 2-per-cent target,” the central bank’s MPR said.

 

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B.C.’s debt and deficit forecast to rise as the provincial election nears

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VICTORIA – British Columbia is forecasting a record budget deficit and a rising debt of almost $129 billion less than two weeks before the start of a provincial election campaign where economic stability and future progress are expected to be major issues.

Finance Minister Katrine Conroy, who has announced her retirement and will not seek re-election in the Oct. 19 vote, said Tuesday her final budget update as minister predicts a deficit of $8.9 billion, up $1.1 billion from a forecast she made earlier this year.

Conroy said she acknowledges “challenges” facing B.C., including three consecutive deficit budgets, but expected improved economic growth where the province will start to “turn a corner.”

The $8.9 billion deficit forecast for 2024-2025 is followed by annual deficit projections of $6.7 billion and $6.1 billion in 2026-2027, Conroy said at a news conference outlining the government’s first quarterly financial update.

Conroy said lower corporate income tax and natural resource revenues and the increased cost of fighting wildfires have had some of the largest impacts on the budget.

“I want to acknowledge the economic uncertainties,” she said. “While global inflation is showing signs of easing and we’ve seen cuts to the Bank of Canada interest rates, we know that the challenges are not over.”

Conroy said wildfire response costs are expected to total $886 million this year, more than $650 million higher than originally forecast.

Corporate income tax revenue is forecast to be $638 million lower as a result of federal government updates and natural resource revenues are down $299 million due to lower prices for natural gas, lumber and electricity, she said.

Debt-servicing costs are also forecast to be $344 million higher due to the larger debt balance, the current interest rate and accelerated borrowing to ensure services and capital projects are maintained through the province’s election period, said Conroy.

B.C.’s economic growth is expected to strengthen over the next three years, but the timing of a return to a balanced budget will fall to another minister, said Conroy, who was addressing what likely would be her last news conference as Minister of Finance.

The election is expected to be called on Sept. 21, with the vote set for Oct. 19.

“While we are a strong province, people are facing challenges,” she said. “We have never shied away from taking those challenges head on, because we want to keep British Columbians secure and help them build good lives now and for the long term. With the investments we’re making and the actions we’re taking to support people and build a stronger economy, we’ve started to turn a corner.”

Premier David Eby said before the fiscal forecast was released Tuesday that the New Democrat government remains committed to providing services and supports for people in British Columbia and cuts are not on his agenda.

Eby said people have been hurt by high interest costs and the province is facing budget pressures connected to low resource prices, high wildfire costs and struggling global economies.

The premier said that now is not the time to reduce supports and services for people.

Last month’s year-end report for the 2023-2024 budget saw the province post a budget deficit of $5.035 billion, down from the previous forecast of $5.9 billion.

Eby said he expects government financial priorities to become a major issue during the upcoming election, with the NDP pledging to continue to fund services and the B.C. Conservatives looking to make cuts.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

Note to readers: This is a corrected story. A previous version said the debt would be going up to more than $129 billion. In fact, it will be almost $129 billion.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Mark Carney mum on carbon-tax advice, future in politics at Liberal retreat

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NANAIMO, B.C. – Former Bank of Canada governor Mark Carney says he’ll be advising the Liberal party to flip some the challenges posed by an increasingly divided and dangerous world into an economic opportunity for Canada.

But he won’t say what his specific advice will be on economic issues that are politically divisive in Canada, like the carbon tax.

He presented his vision for the Liberals’ economic policy at the party’s caucus retreat in Nanaimo, B.C. today, after he agreed to help the party prepare for the next election as chair of a Liberal task force on economic growth.

Carney has been touted as a possible leadership contender to replace Justin Trudeau, who has said he has tried to coax Carney into politics for years.

Carney says if the prime minister asks him to do something he will do it to the best of his ability, but won’t elaborate on whether the new adviser role could lead to him adding his name to a ballot in the next election.

Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland says she has been taking advice from Carney for years, and that his new position won’t infringe on her role.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Nova Scotia bill would kick-start offshore wind industry without approval from Ottawa

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HALIFAX – The Nova Scotia government has introduced a bill that would kick-start the province’s offshore wind industry without federal approval.

Natural Resources Minister Tory Rushton says amendments within a new omnibus bill introduced today will help ensure Nova Scotia meets its goal of launching a first call for offshore wind bids next year.

The province wants to offer project licences by 2030 to develop a total of five gigawatts of power from offshore wind.

Rushton says normally the province would wait for the federal government to adopt legislation establishing a wind industry off Canada’s East Coast, but that process has been “progressing slowly.”

Federal legislation that would enable the development of offshore wind farms in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland and Labrador has passed through the first and second reading in the Senate, and is currently under consideration in committee.

Rushton says the Nova Scotia bill mirrors the federal legislation and would prevent the province’s offshore wind industry from being held up in Ottawa.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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