Bird flu risk for pets remains 'very low,' even after dog death in Ont.: experts | Canada News Media
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Bird flu risk for pets remains ‘very low,’ even after dog death in Ont.: experts

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As the avian influenza continues to spread in Canada, even infecting mammals, an expert says the risk of transmission to humans and pets is low but health officials must remain on high alert.

Health officials announced earlier this week a pet dog in Oshawa, Ont., had died after testing positive for H5N1, the virus that causes the bird flu. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency and the Public Health Agency of Canada said the dog developed symptoms after chewing on a wild goose.

But Dr. Shayan Sharif, professor and acting dean of the University of Guelph’s Ontario Veterinary College, says at the moment, the risk for pets remains “very low.”

“What could be the risk in the future? I think if the virus begins mutations and adapting itself further to mammals, then things could be different,” he said in an interview on Wednesday with CTVNews.ca. “At the moment, I would say it’s very low transmission risk.”

It was the first and only case so far of a pet dog contracting bird flu in Canada, which is also a rare occurrence worldwide. A case of a dog contracting bird flu was reported in Thailand all the way back in 2004 and described in a 2006 case report. A 2008 study in Germany and Austria also found that the H5N1 virus was present in 1.8 per cent of a population of 171 cats.

“It has happened that the virus has transmitted from birds to dogs and cats and there’s good evidence that dogs and cats could become infected, but not frequently. It’s only rarely they’re becoming infected,” Sharif said.

The avian flu has also infected other mammals. Last month, several skunks in the Vancouver area were found dead after testing positive for the virus. Bird flu has also been discovered in foxes, seals, dolphins, black bears, mink, raccoon and porpoises across Canada.

Sharif notes that the H5N1 is well adapted to avian species, but not so well adapted to mammals, which makes it difficult for transmission between mammals to occur.

“When (bird flu) jumps from avian to mammals, those mammals usually become the so-called ‘terminal hosts,’ meaning that they can’t try transmit the virus to other mammals. And there’s no evidence at the moment that, for example, dogs can transmit the virus to other dogs or transmit the virus to their owners, to humans,” he explained.

However, if the virus mutates to be better adapted to mammals, Sharif says that’s “one step closer to gaining the capacity for mammal-to-mammal transmission.”

“That’s precisely what we are hoping it would never be able to do.”

Since 2022, the avian influenza has wreaked havoc on the poultry industry, affecting 7.2 million birds in Canada as of March 29. Currently, 59 farms across Canada are dealing with outbreaks, while previous outbreaks have occurred at 245 farms.

Canadian health officials are urging pet owners to not feed their pets any raw meat from game birds or poultry and never let their pets consume or play with dead wild birds found outside.

 

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How many Nova Scotians are on the doctor wait-list? Number hit 160,000 in June

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HALIFAX – The Nova Scotia government says it could be months before it reveals how many people are on the wait-list for a family doctor.

The head of the province’s health authority told reporters Wednesday that the government won’t release updated data until the 160,000 people who were on the wait-list in June are contacted to verify whether they still need primary care.

Karen Oldfield said Nova Scotia Health is working on validating the primary care wait-list data before posting new numbers, and that work may take a matter of months. The most recent public wait-list figures are from June 1, when 160,234 people, or about 16 per cent of the population, were on it.

“It’s going to take time to make 160,000 calls,” Oldfield said. “We are not talking weeks, we are talking months.”

The interim CEO and president of Nova Scotia Health said people on the list are being asked where they live, whether they still need a family doctor, and to give an update on their health.

A spokesperson with the province’s Health Department says the government and its health authority are “working hard” to turn the wait-list registry into a useful tool, adding that the data will be shared once it is validated.

Nova Scotia’s NDP are calling on Premier Tim Houston to immediately release statistics on how many people are looking for a family doctor. On Tuesday, the NDP introduced a bill that would require the health minister to make the number public every month.

“It is unacceptable for the list to be more than three months out of date,” NDP Leader Claudia Chender said Tuesday.

Chender said releasing this data regularly is vital so Nova Scotians can track the government’s progress on its main 2021 campaign promise: fixing health care.

The number of people in need of a family doctor has more than doubled between the 2021 summer election campaign and June 2024. Since September 2021 about 300 doctors have been added to the provincial health system, the Health Department said.

“We’ll know if Tim Houston is keeping his 2021 election promise to fix health care when Nova Scotians are attached to primary care,” Chender said.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 11, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Newfoundland and Labrador monitoring rise in whooping cough cases: medical officer

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ST. JOHN’S, N.L. – Newfoundland and Labrador‘s chief medical officer is monitoring the rise of whooping cough infections across the province as cases of the highly contagious disease continue to grow across Canada.

Dr. Janice Fitzgerald says that so far this year, the province has recorded 230 confirmed cases of the vaccine-preventable respiratory tract infection, also known as pertussis.

Late last month, Quebec reported more than 11,000 cases during the same time period, while Ontario counted 470 cases, well above the five-year average of 98. In Quebec, the majority of patients are between the ages of 10 and 14.

Meanwhile, New Brunswick has declared a whooping cough outbreak across the province. A total of 141 cases were reported by last month, exceeding the five-year average of 34.

The disease can lead to severe complications among vulnerable populations including infants, who are at the highest risk of suffering from complications like pneumonia and seizures. Symptoms may start with a runny nose, mild fever and cough, then progress to severe coughing accompanied by a distinctive “whooping” sound during inhalation.

“The public, especially pregnant people and those in close contact with infants, are encouraged to be aware of symptoms related to pertussis and to ensure vaccinations are up to date,” Newfoundland and Labrador’s Health Department said in a statement.

Whooping cough can be treated with antibiotics, but vaccination is the most effective way to control the spread of the disease. As a result, the province has expanded immunization efforts this school year. While booster doses are already offered in Grade 9, the vaccine is now being offered to Grade 8 students as well.

Public health officials say whooping cough is a cyclical disease that increases every two to five or six years.

Meanwhile, New Brunswick’s acting chief medical officer of health expects the current case count to get worse before tapering off.

A rise in whooping cough cases has also been reported in the United States and elsewhere. The Pan American Health Organization issued an alert in July encouraging countries to ramp up their surveillance and vaccination coverage.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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