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Brock-led research uncovers breakthrough in age-related diseases

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A Spanish research team, led by a Brock University researcher, has uncovered a key link between oxidative stress, aging and chronic diseases.

Professor of Health Sciences Newman Sze and his team found that oxidative stress plays a critical role in altering an amino acid in proteins called cysteine.

The change creates a harmful trioxidized cysteine product, which contributes to tissue degeneration by interfering with a crucial process called protein phosphorylation. This process regulates essential cell functions and normal bodily activities, says Sze.

“This discovery opens doors to new research areas, deepening our understanding of how and why oxidative stress causes damage to vital proteins, ultimately leading to chronic, age-related diseases,” says Sze, Canada Research Chair in Mechanisms of Health and Disease. “This breakthrough could pave the way for innovative treatment to extend the human healthy lifespan.”

Oxidative stress occurs as a result of the body using oxygen to burn molecules from food for energy, leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).

The body is able to counteract the toxic effects of ROS up to a point, says Sze, but unhealthy environments and poor lifestyle choices can exacerbate oxidative stress.

Cysteine, an essential amino acid in proteins, plays a critical role in sensing oxidative stress and signalling cells to detoxify ROS in the body. However, when cysteine undergoes trioxidation, it not only loses its detoxification function but also acquires new harmful functions.

Sze’s research revealed that the chemical structure of trioxidized cysteine closely resembles the phosphate group involved in protein phosphorylation.

The similar chemical structure between trioxidized cysteine and the phosphate group connects oxidative stress to age-related diseases such as diabetes, heart disease and dementia.

“When trioxidized cysteine hijacks phosphorylation, it alters the normal physiology of our bodies, harming our health and causing diseases,” he says.

Sze says this is the first time a connection has been made between oxidative stress and abnormal signalling in protein phosphorylation.

“This knowledge can be harnessed to detect and measure oxidation levels in the body, offering a potential clinical marker for assessing the risk of developing certain diseases associated with aging,” he says. “It also holds promise for the exploration of new anti-aging treatment methods.”

Sze says the research also shows the need for people to maintain a healthy lifestyle of eating nutritious and unprocessed foods, exercising, not smoking, protecting against radiation from the sun and taking other steps to reduce oxidative stress levels in their bodies.

The study, “Trioxidized cysteine in the aging proteome mimics the structural dynamics and interactome of phosphorylated serine,” was published last month in the key aging research journal Aging Cell.


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How many Nova Scotians are on the doctor wait-list? Number hit 160,000 in June

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HALIFAX – The Nova Scotia government says it could be months before it reveals how many people are on the wait-list for a family doctor.

The head of the province’s health authority told reporters Wednesday that the government won’t release updated data until the 160,000 people who were on the wait-list in June are contacted to verify whether they still need primary care.

Karen Oldfield said Nova Scotia Health is working on validating the primary care wait-list data before posting new numbers, and that work may take a matter of months. The most recent public wait-list figures are from June 1, when 160,234 people, or about 16 per cent of the population, were on it.

“It’s going to take time to make 160,000 calls,” Oldfield said. “We are not talking weeks, we are talking months.”

The interim CEO and president of Nova Scotia Health said people on the list are being asked where they live, whether they still need a family doctor, and to give an update on their health.

A spokesperson with the province’s Health Department says the government and its health authority are “working hard” to turn the wait-list registry into a useful tool, adding that the data will be shared once it is validated.

Nova Scotia’s NDP are calling on Premier Tim Houston to immediately release statistics on how many people are looking for a family doctor. On Tuesday, the NDP introduced a bill that would require the health minister to make the number public every month.

“It is unacceptable for the list to be more than three months out of date,” NDP Leader Claudia Chender said Tuesday.

Chender said releasing this data regularly is vital so Nova Scotians can track the government’s progress on its main 2021 campaign promise: fixing health care.

The number of people in need of a family doctor has more than doubled between the 2021 summer election campaign and June 2024. Since September 2021 about 300 doctors have been added to the provincial health system, the Health Department said.

“We’ll know if Tim Houston is keeping his 2021 election promise to fix health care when Nova Scotians are attached to primary care,” Chender said.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 11, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Newfoundland and Labrador monitoring rise in whooping cough cases: medical officer

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ST. JOHN’S, N.L. – Newfoundland and Labrador‘s chief medical officer is monitoring the rise of whooping cough infections across the province as cases of the highly contagious disease continue to grow across Canada.

Dr. Janice Fitzgerald says that so far this year, the province has recorded 230 confirmed cases of the vaccine-preventable respiratory tract infection, also known as pertussis.

Late last month, Quebec reported more than 11,000 cases during the same time period, while Ontario counted 470 cases, well above the five-year average of 98. In Quebec, the majority of patients are between the ages of 10 and 14.

Meanwhile, New Brunswick has declared a whooping cough outbreak across the province. A total of 141 cases were reported by last month, exceeding the five-year average of 34.

The disease can lead to severe complications among vulnerable populations including infants, who are at the highest risk of suffering from complications like pneumonia and seizures. Symptoms may start with a runny nose, mild fever and cough, then progress to severe coughing accompanied by a distinctive “whooping” sound during inhalation.

“The public, especially pregnant people and those in close contact with infants, are encouraged to be aware of symptoms related to pertussis and to ensure vaccinations are up to date,” Newfoundland and Labrador’s Health Department said in a statement.

Whooping cough can be treated with antibiotics, but vaccination is the most effective way to control the spread of the disease. As a result, the province has expanded immunization efforts this school year. While booster doses are already offered in Grade 9, the vaccine is now being offered to Grade 8 students as well.

Public health officials say whooping cough is a cyclical disease that increases every two to five or six years.

Meanwhile, New Brunswick’s acting chief medical officer of health expects the current case count to get worse before tapering off.

A rise in whooping cough cases has also been reported in the United States and elsewhere. The Pan American Health Organization issued an alert in July encouraging countries to ramp up their surveillance and vaccination coverage.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Bizarre Sunlight Loophole Melts Belly Fat Fast!

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