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Can COVID-19 vaccines reduce transmission? Here’s what we know so far – Global News

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If you have received the coveted coronavirus vaccine shot, there is both good and bad news.

While there is a high probability you will not get sick with COVID-19, there is a chance you can still catch the novel coronavirus and in turn infect others.

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“Vaccination doesn’t prove that you are immune,” said Alberto Martin, professor of immunology at the University of Toronto.

Canada has so far approved four different coronavirus vaccines. During the global clinical trials, the shots from Pfizer, Moderna, AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson showed high efficacy rates – ranging from 62 per cent to 95 per cent – in preventing moderate to severe COVID-19 illness.

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But there are still many unanswered questions about whether the vaccines can also suppress transmission – that is, keep vaccinated people from acquiring the virus and spreading it to others.

There are a number of ongoing studies looking at the effectiveness of the vaccines on transmission – and preliminary data is promising.






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According to a pre-print analysis in The Lancet medical journal – not yet peer-reviewed – the AstraZeneca-Oxford vaccine was shown to reduce the rate of positive PCR tests by half when two doses were given. There was a 67 per cent reduction after one dose.

A study by Cambridge University in the U.K. suggests that a single dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine can reduce fourfold the number of asymptomatic COVID-19 infections. These results released on Feb. 26 are yet to be peer-reviewed.

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Meanwhile, another Israeli study published in the Lancet medical journal on Feb. 18 found an 85 per cent reduction in symptomatic COVID-19 infections within 15 to 28 days of receiving a first dose of the Pfizer vaccine, with an overall reduction in infections, including asymptomatic cases detected by testing, of 75 per cent.

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These are encouraging signs for ending the pandemic, as preventing infection in those who have been vaccinated means there is no virus that can be passed on to others.

If you never get infected, then it’s also possible that you won’t transmit it to other people,” said Gerald Evans, an infectious disease specialist at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ont.

Pfizer is currently testing a subset of Phase 3 trial participants to look for evidence of symptomatic and asymptomatic infection.

“Understanding whether the vaccine can stop the transmission of the virus will be an important tool for the continued rollout of the vaccine and to inform public health planning efforts and recommendations,” Christina Antoniou, director of corporate affairs of Pfizer Canada, told Global News in an emailed statement.

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According to the World Health Organization (WHO), there is limited evidence about the performance of the COVID-19 vaccines to prevent infection or transmission.

However, it is “reasonable to assume there will be some level of protection against transmission,” the U.N. health agency said in an emailed statement to Global News.

Evans said while more data is needed to determine the vaccination’s impact in real-world settings, he believes vaccines are the “number one tool” at our disposal and will substantially curb COVID-19 spread.

I’m estimating about 75 to 80 per cent reduction in transmission,” he said.

“That’s the way we’re going to be able to go into a post-pandemic world.”






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Martin is also confident that vaccines will stop the spread of COVID-19 or any other disease, for that matter.

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Once you establish immunity to a specific virus, you can no longer transmit it,” he said.

He explained that the immune memory established by the vaccine prevents the virus from producing billions of viral copies needed for a person to become infectious.

“So you yourself are protected and you protect others around you,” he said.

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There is also evidence that the viral load, which determines how much virus you can emit when you cough, breathe or sneeze, is significantly lower when you are vaccinated.

Results of a pre-print study done in Israel — not peer-reviewed — suggested that the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine can reduce the viral load for infections by fourfold 12 to 28 days after the first dose is given.

“These reduced viral loads hint to lower infectiousness, further contributing to vaccine impact on virus spread,” the authors said.






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Evans said this is important because high viral loads are not just associated with more severe disease but also with a higher risk of transmission.

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“If the infection you get is associated with a really low viral load, then that means the likelihood that you’re going to go on to transmit it to somebody else is significantly and dramatically reduced.”

— with files from Global News’ Linda Boyle 

© 2021 Global News, a division of Corus Entertainment Inc.

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Telus prioritizing ‘most important customers,’ avoiding ‘unprofitable’ offers: CFO

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Telus Corp. says it is avoiding offering “unprofitable” discounts as fierce competition in the Canadian telecommunications sector shows no sign of slowing down.

The company said Friday it had fewer net new customers during its third quarter compared with the same time last year, as it copes with increasingly “aggressive marketing and promotional pricing” that is prompting more customers to switch providers.

Telus said it added 347,000 net new customers, down around 14.5 per cent compared with last year. The figure includes 130,000 mobile phone subscribers and 34,000 internet customers, down 30,000 and 3,000, respectively, year-over-year.

The company reported its mobile phone churn rate — a metric measuring subscribers who cancelled their services — was 1.09 per cent in the third quarter, up from 1.03 per cent in the third quarter of 2023. That included a postpaid mobile phone churn rate of 0.90 per cent in its latest quarter.

Telus said its focus is on customer retention through its “industry-leading service and network quality, along with successful promotions and bundled offerings.”

“The customers we have are the most important customers we can get,” said chief financial officer Doug French in an interview.

“We’ve, again, just continued to focus on what matters most to our customers, from a product and customer service perspective, while not loading unprofitable customers.”

Meanwhile, Telus reported its net income attributable to common shares more than doubled during its third quarter.

The telecommunications company said it earned $280 million, up 105.9 per cent from the same three-month period in 2023. Earnings per diluted share for the quarter ended Sept. 30 was 19 cents compared with nine cents a year earlier.

It reported adjusted net income was $413 million, up 10.7 per cent year-over-year from $373 million in the same quarter last year. Operating revenue and other income for the quarter was $5.1 billion, up 1.8 per cent from the previous year.

Mobile phone average revenue per user was $58.85 in the third quarter, a decrease of $2.09 or 3.4 per cent from a year ago. Telus said the drop was attributable to customers signing up for base rate plans with lower prices, along with a decline in overage and roaming revenues.

It said customers are increasingly adopting unlimited data and Canada-U.S. plans which provide higher and more stable ARPU on a monthly basis.

“In a tough operating environment and relative to peers, we view Q3 results that were in line to slightly better than forecast as the best of the bunch,” said RBC analyst Drew McReynolds in a note.

Scotiabank analyst Maher Yaghi added that “the telecom industry in Canada remains very challenging for all players, however, Telus has been able to face these pressures” and still deliver growth.

The Big 3 telecom providers — which also include Rogers Communications Inc. and BCE Inc. — have frequently stressed that the market has grown more competitive in recent years, especially after the closing of Quebecor Inc.’s purchase of Freedom Mobile in April 2023.

Hailed as a fourth national carrier, Quebecor has invested in enhancements to Freedom’s network while offering more affordable plans as part of a set of commitments it was mandated by Ottawa to agree to.

The cost of telephone services in September was down eight per cent compared with a year earlier, according to Statistics Canada’s most recent inflation report last month.

“I think competition has been and continues to be, I’d say, quite intense in Canada, and we’ve obviously had to just manage our business the way we see fit,” said French.

Asked how long that environment could last, he said that’s out of Telus’ hands.

“What I can control, though, is how we go to market and how we lead with our products,” he said.

“I think the conditions within the market will have to adjust accordingly over time. We’ve continued to focus on digitization, continued to bring our cost structure down to compete, irrespective of the price and the current market conditions.”

Still, Canada’s telecom regulator continues to warn providers about customers facing more charges on their cellphone and internet bills.

On Tuesday, CRTC vice-president of consumer, analytics and strategy Scott Hutton called on providers to ensure they clearly inform their customers of charges such as early cancellation fees.

That followed statements from the regulator in recent weeks cautioning against rising international roaming fees and “surprise” price increases being found on their bills.

Hutton said the CRTC plans to launch public consultations in the coming weeks that will focus “on ensuring that information is clear and consistent, making it easier to compare offers and switch services or providers.”

“The CRTC is concerned with recent trends, which suggest that Canadians may not be benefiting from the full protections of our codes,” he said.

“We will continue to monitor developments and will take further action if our codes are not being followed.”

French said any initiative to boost transparency is a step in the right direction.

“I can’t say we are perfect across the board, but what I can say is we are absolutely taking it under consideration and trying to be the best at communicating with our customers,” he said.

“I think everyone looking in the mirror would say there’s room for improvement.”

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 8, 2024.

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TC Energy cuts cost estimate for Southeast Gateway pipeline project in Mexico

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CALGARY – TC Energy Corp. has lowered the estimated cost of its Southeast Gateway pipeline project in Mexico.

It says it now expects the project to cost between US$3.9 billion and US$4.1 billion compared with its original estimate of US$4.5 billion.

The change came as the company reported a third-quarter profit attributable to common shareholders of C$1.46 billion or $1.40 per share compared with a loss of C$197 million or 19 cents per share in the same quarter last year.

Revenue for the quarter ended Sept. 30 totalled C$4.08 billion, up from C$3.94 billion in the third quarter of 2023.

TC Energy says its comparable earnings for its latest quarter amounted to C$1.03 per share compared with C$1.00 per share a year earlier.

The average analyst estimate had been for a profit of 95 cents per share, according to LSEG Data & Analytics.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 7, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:TRP)

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BCE reports Q3 loss on asset impairment charge, cuts revenue guidance

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BCE Inc. reported a loss in its latest quarter as it recorded $2.11 billion in asset impairment charges, mainly related to Bell Media’s TV and radio properties.

The company says its net loss attributable to common shareholders amounted to $1.24 billion or $1.36 per share for the quarter ended Sept. 30 compared with a profit of $640 million or 70 cents per share a year earlier.

On an adjusted basis, BCE says it earned 75 cents per share in its latest quarter compared with an adjusted profit of 81 cents per share in the same quarter last year.

“Bell’s results for the third quarter demonstrate that we are disciplined in our pursuit of profitable growth in an intensely competitive environment,” BCE chief executive Mirko Bibic said in a statement.

“Our focus this quarter, and throughout 2024, has been to attract higher-margin subscribers and reduce costs to help offset short-term revenue impacts from sustained competitive pricing pressures, slow economic growth and a media advertising market that is in transition.”

Operating revenue for the quarter totalled $5.97 billion, down from $6.08 billion in its third quarter of 2023.

BCE also said it now expects its revenue for 2024 to fall about 1.5 per cent compared with earlier guidance for an increase of zero to four per cent.

The company says the change comes as it faces lower-than-anticipated wireless product revenue and sustained pressure on wireless prices.

BCE added 33,111 net postpaid mobile phone subscribers, down 76.8 per cent from the same period last year, which was the company’s second-best performance on the metric since 2010.

It says the drop was driven by higher customer churn — a measure of subscribers who cancelled their service — amid greater competitive activity and promotional offer intensity. BCE’s monthly churn rate for the category was 1.28 per cent, up from 1.1 per cent during its previous third quarter.

The company also saw 11.6 per cent fewer gross subscriber activations “due to more targeted promotional offers and mobile device discounting compared to last year.”

Bell’s wireless mobile phone average revenue per user was $58.26, down 3.4 per cent from $60.28 in the third quarter of the prior year.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 7, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:BCE)

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