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Canada’s first hydrogen train is taking passengers

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The first hydrogen-powered train in North America is taking riders on a two-and-a-half hour trip through central Quebec this summer.

It’s a demonstration that launched earlier this month to show how electricity stored as hydrogen can replace diesel fuel on railways where installing electrified rails or overhead wires would be challenging.

Advocates for the use of hydrogen in heavy transportation say it could raise awareness and boost confidence in the emerging technology in North America.

The tourist train made by French company Alstom runs from Montmorency Falls in Quebec City to Baie-Saint-Paul — partway along the Train de Charlevoix route — on Wednesday through Sunday until Sept. 30, carrying up to 120 people in two rail cars.

Nancy Belley, general manager of Réseau Charlevoix, the private railway that runs the train, says it’s an extraordinary chance for her company. She told CBC News in French that riding the train is like being in another world.

“When you think that you’ve left your car behind, and get on board a train that emits water vapour, you feel that you’re part of an important decarbonization movement in Quebec,” she said.

Nancy Belley, general manager of Réseau Charlevoix, which runs the route, says having the hydrogen train was an extraordinary chance for her company. (Louis-Philippe Arsenault/Radio-Canada)

The train uses about 50 kilograms of hydrogen a day, estimates Serge Harnois, CEO of Harnois Énergies, which supplies the fuel. That replaces about 500 litres of diesel that would be burned during the journey.

While fossil fuels may be peaking, “we are at the beginning of the history of hydrogen,” said Harnois.

Why the train is being tested in Quebec

The same model of train, known as the Coradia iLint, has previously carried passengers in eight European countries. Germany, purchased a version which uses Canadian-made fuel cells for a hydrogen-only route last year.

Belley says Alstom approached Réseau Charlevoix and Groupe Le Massif, which owns the rails, because it was looking for somewhere in North America to test its train. The Train de Charlevoix route was ideal as it already used European technology, and the new train was a good fit for the existing infrastructure.

Alstom said this week that the commercial operation of the train will allow it and its partners to see what’s needed to develop “an ecosystem for hydrogen propulsion technology” in North America.

The Quebec government said in February that it was investing $3 million in the $8 million project. At the time, Environment Minister Benoit Charette said it was part of the province’s plan for a green economy by 2030, which relies on hydrogen to decarbonize parts of the economy where conventional electrification isn’t possible.

Two passengers take in the view on the two-hour ride aboard the new hydrogen train. (Radio-Canada)

So far, Belley says, it seems like the North American regulations can work with a European train.

And, she says, it also appears that this technology lends itself well to low-density areas, like the rural Charlevoix region, where transportation might otherwise be harder to electrify.

Harnois rode on the train when it launched on June 17, and says it was very quiet and comfortable compared to the noisy diesel train with bad suspension that ran on that line before, spewing black smoke behind it.

Instead, the new train emits only water vapour.

The vapour is generated when the train takes hydrogen gas from its tank, combines it with oxygen in the air and combines that in a fuel cell to generate electricity.

The hydrogen-powered Train de Charlevoix runs Wednesday to Sunday until Sept. 30. (Virginie Ngo)

Where does the hydrogen come from?

Harnois Énergies, based in Quebec City, produces the hydrogen using an electrolyzer, which splits water into hydrogen and oxygen using electricity. Because the electricity is from Hydro-Quebec — which is 94 per cent hydro-generated, five per cent by wind and almost fully decarbonized — the resulting hydrogen is considered green.

Alstom approached the company to supply hydrogen as it was able to bring the gas to the pressure needed for the purposes of this project.

A diesel-powered truck carries the hydrogen to the train station for refuelling.

But Harnois says the fuel would ideally one day be produced on site.

For refueling, the full hydrogen tank on the truck is connected to the empty tank on the train, and the pressure difference causes the hydrogen to flow from one to the other. A regulator controls the flow so it doesn’t get too hot. The fuelling takes about an hour.

The goal is for the train to eventually be able to run the full route, from Quebec City to La Malbaie. But Belley says that will require further testing, as that part of the railway is very curvy, and the hydrogen train’s wheels aren’t in the same place as those of its diesel predecessor.

The hydrogen is transported to the train in tanks by a diesel-powered truck. ( Sébastien Vachon/Radio-Canada)

Belley says the train will not return next summer, as it’s a demonstration unit that will travel to other cities.

However, she said the railway would like to buy one. “Because we know…we’ve confirmed that it’s the kind of train that could be green in a place like ours.”

Why hydrogen for trains?

While many trains in Europe run on electric rails or are powered by overhead wires, Canada’s long distances and low density are considered a challenge for electric trains.

CN Rail is testing one electric alternative — battery-electric locomotives.

Meanwhile, CP Rail and Southern Railway of B.C. are testing hydrogen-powered trains because they are more similar to diesel. They are expected to use a similar refuelling infrastructure to diesel and have similar refuelling times. CP says it plans to operate three hydrogen locomotives by the end of the year.

Robert Stasko, executive director of the Ontario-based Hydrogen Business Council, said the launch of a hydrogen passenger train is “a very big deal.”

“I think the most important thing that’s going to come out of it is people’s awareness and comfort with the technology,” he said.

He said Alstom, which has already sold 41 hydrogen trains in Europe, hopes to gain a foothold in North America.

“We, of course, think it’s a great idea,” he said. “I’d love to see something like that in Ontario for instance, running between Union Station and Pearson Airport to replace the diesel-operated UP Express right now.”

He also hopes that familiarity with the train technology will make decision-makers consider hydrogen for other applications, such as long-haul trucking, where he sees the biggest opportunity.

Gord Lovegrove, an associate professor at the UBC School of Engineering in Kelowna, says, on one hand, the technology has already been proven in Europe.

On the other hand, the hydrogen Train de Charlevoix is a demonstration that still needs to get through the hurdle of being accepted by Canadian regulators.

And Canada still has other challenges, he said — ramping up green hydrogen production (most hydrogen in the country is produced from methane), reducing its cost, improving hydrogen storage and transport technology to make it more efficient and easier to handle, and training the workforce to maintain hydrogen vehicles.

“It’s not that difficult,” he said, “but it needs to start happening.”

Lovegrove is currently working on a hydrogen locomotive in partnership with Southern Railway of British Columbia. He hopes to begin testing components this summer, and have it in full commercial service next summer.

 

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Who will buy Infowars? Both supporters and opponents of Alex Jones interested in bankruptcy auction

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Conspiracy theorist Alex Jones’ Infowars broadcasts could end next week as he faces a court-ordered auction of his company’s assets to help pay the more than $1 billion defamation judgment he owes families of victims of the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting.

Or maybe not.

Both opponents and supporters of the bombastic internet show and radio host have expressed interest in bidding on the Infowars properties he has built over the past 25 years. They include Roger Stone, an ally of Jones and Donald Trump, and anti-Jones progressive media groups. If Jones supporters buy the assets, he could end up staying on Infowars.

Up for sale are everything from Jones’ studio desk to Infowars’ name, video archive, social media accounts and product trademarks. Buyers can even purchase an armored truck and video cameras. For now, Jones’ personal social media, including his account on X, formerly known as Twitter, with 3 million followers, are not up for sale, but court proceedings on whether they should be auctioned are pending.

The auctions resulted from Jones’ personal bankruptcy case, which he filed in late 2022 after the Sandy Hook families were awarded nearly $1.5 billion in damages in lawsuits in Connecticut and Texas over his claims that the school shooting was a hoax. Many of Jones’ personal assets also are being liquidated to help pay the judgment.

The deadline to submit bids and nondisclosure agreements on the Infowars assets is Friday afternoon. After the bids are reviewed, prospective buyers deemed qualified will be invited to a live auction that could see multiple bidding rounds next Wednesday. Any items not sold will be put up at another auction on Dec. 10.

Jones has expressed confidence that supporters — whom he did not name — will buy the assets of Infowars and its parent company, Free Speech Systems, allowing him to continue using its platforms. He also appears to be preparing for losing the brand because he has set up new websites and social media accounts and has been directing his audience to them.

“There’s a lot of buyers, people that are patriots that want it and will come in,” Jones said on his show in August. “If not … we’ll work with somebody else, fire something up. And it’ll be a little bit of a hiccup for the crew, and things. But that will just make us bigger.”

Email messages to Infowars and Jones’ bankruptcy lawyer were not returned.

It’s not clear how much money the auctions might bring in. In court documents, Free Speech Systems listed the total value of its properties and holdings at $18 million. Proceeds from the sales will go to creditors including the Sandy Hook families, who have not yet received any money from Jones and his company.

Confidentiality agreements and sealed bids generally are used in auctions to maximize bid amounts while preventing bidders from talking to each other and driving down the offers. The trustee in Jones’ bankruptcy case said in court documents that the procedures for the Infowars auction were designed to attract the highest possible bids.

Christopher Mattei, a Connecticut lawyer representing the Sandy Hook families, called the auctions an important milestone in their yearslong fight to hold Jones accountable. He also said the families will be seeking a portion of all Jones’ future income.

“From the beginning, the Connecticut families have sought to hold Jones fully accountable for his lies and to protect other families from him,” Mattei said. “Stripping Jones of the corrupt business he used to attack the families while poisoning the minds of his listeners is an important measure of justice.”

The families sued Jones and his company for defamation and emotional distress for repeatedly saying on his show that the 2012 shooting that killed 20 first graders and six educators in Newtown, Connecticut, was a hoax staged by crisis actors to spur more gun control.

Parents and children of many of the victims testified that they were traumatized by Jones’ hoax conspiracies and threats by his followers.

Jones, who has since acknowledged that the shooting did happen, is appealing the judgments.

Jones has made millions of dollars from his internet and radio shows, primarily through sales of nutritional supplements, survival gear, clothing and other merchandise.

Stone, the Jones and Trump ally and a conservative commentator, said on his X account and on Jones’ show that he would like to put together a group of investors to buy Infowars. He did not return email and social media messages on Thursday.

“I understand the importance of Infowars as a beacon of the truth, as a beacon of truthful information. And therefore, I would like to do whatever I possibly can to ensure, if possible, that Infowars survives,” Stone said on Jones’ show in September.

People on social media also have urged billionaire Elon Musk, owner of Tesla and X, to buy Infowars, an idea Jones has backed but Musk has not publicly responded to.

On the other side, Jones’ detractors have shown interest in buying Infowars, kicking Jones out and turning it into something else, such as a news site that debunks conspiracy theories or even a parody site. They include officials at two progressive media sites, The Barbed Wire and Media Matters for America.

An opinion piece by The Barbed Wire in September by publisher Jeff Rotkoff had a headline that read, “Let’s Buy Infowars. Alex Jones used these exact materials to exploit his viewers, peddle conspiracy theories, and damage the lives of grieving parents. We want revenge.”

Rotkoff urged readers to donate money to help put in bids, but he said Thursday that The Barbed Wire, based in Jones’ home state of Texas, was now unlikely to make any offers.

“But we have talked to a number of similarly ideologically aligned bidders and we are certain we will be outbid,” Rotkoff said in an email. “We’re thrilled that there appear to be multiple well-resourced bidders who share our interest in undoing much of the damage to our country done by Alex Jones. We’ll be rooting for those folks to be successful.”

He declined to say who the other potential bidders were.

Who exactly has submitted bids so far has not been disclosed. Jeff Tanenbaum, president of ThreeSixty Asset Advisors, which is helping to run the auction along with Tranzon Asset Advisors, would only say there have been a large number of inquiries.

If detractors buy up Infowars’ properties and Jones gets the boot, he should be able to build new platforms fairly quickly, said Melissa Zimdars, an associate professor of communication and media at Merrimack College in Massachusetts.

“As long as there is an audience hungry for his content — and there is — he’ll be able to utilize X and various fringe social media platforms,” she said in an email.



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Australian states back national plan to ban children younger than 16 from social media

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MELBOURNE, Australia (AP) — Australia’s states and territories on Friday unanimously backed a national plan to require most forms of social media to bar children younger than 16.

Leaders of the eight provinces held a virtual meeting with Prime Minister Anthony Albanese to discuss what he calls a world-first national approach that would make platforms including X, TikTok, Instagram and Facebook responsible for enforcing the age limit.

“Social media is doing social harm to our young Australians,” Albanese told reporters. “The safety and mental health of our young people has to be a priority.”

The government leaders had been discussing for months setting a limit, considering options from 14 to 16 years of age.

While Tasmania would have preferred 14, the state was prepared to support 16 in the interests of achieving national uniformity, Albanese said.

The legislation will be introduced into Parliament within two weeks, and the age ban would take effect a year after it passes into law, giving platforms time to work out how to exclude children. The government has yet to offer a technical solution.

The delay is also intended to allow time to address privacy concerns around age verification.

The main opposition party has given in-principle support to the 16-year age limit since it was announced on Thursday, suggesting the legislation will pass the Senate.

The minor Greens party was critical, saying the ban would prevent the emergence in Australia of future child environmental activists like Sweden’s Greta Thunberg.

More than 140 academics with expertise in fields related to technology and child welfare signed an open letter to Albanese last month opposing a social media age limit as “too blunt an instrument to address risks effectively.”

Critics say most teenagers are tech savvy enough to get around such laws. Some fear the ban will create conflicts within families and drive social media problems underground.

Meta, which owns Facebook and Instagram, argues that stronger tools in app stores and operating systems for parents to control what apps their children can use would be a “simple and effective solution.”

The government likens the proposed social media age limit to the laws that restrict the sale of alcohol to adults aged 18 and older across Australia. Children still find ways to drink, but the prohibition remains.

“We think these laws will make a real positive difference,” Albanese said.

But Lisa Given, professor of information sciences at RMIT University, described the legislation as “really problematic.”

“Many of our social networks are actually about the provision of extremely critical information to kids,” Given told Australian Broadcasting Corp.

“There’s no doubt that they’re also facing bullying and other challenges online, but they actually need the social supports to know how to navigate the platforms safely and so they need more support from parents, from care-givers, not less access to a single or multiple platforms,” Given added.

Tama Leaver, professor of internet studies at Curtin University, described the government’s plan to remove 14 and 15-year-olds from their already established social media accounts was “strange.”

“If you’ve already developed that space in that world, to have it taken away really could do as much harm as the harms that are purportedly being fixed,” Leaver said.

“There are so many questions about this that have yet to be answered, but even if we had solid answers about how this might work technically and how this might get implemented socially, it’s still hard to believe that this would actually keep kids safe online,” he added.

Communications Minister Michelle Rowland said children would retain access to online education and health services.

The legislation would also include strong privacy protections surrounding age verification.

“Privacy must be paramount, including that of children,” Rowland said. “We should also be very clear about the realities. These platforms know about their users in a way that no one else does.”

Rowland said YouTube would likely be included among the mainstream platforms defined under the legislation as age restricted services.

But YouTube Kids could be exempted. Gaming and messaging services would not face age restrictions, she said,

“This legislation would strike a balance between minimizing the harms experienced by young people during a critical period of their development while also supporting their access to benefits as well,” Rowland said.



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Sony reports healthy profits on strong sales of sensors and games

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TOKYO (AP) — Sony’s profit rose 69% in July-September from a year earlier on the back of strong sales of its image sensors, games, music and network services, the Japanese electronics and entertainment company said on Friday.

Quarterly profit was 338.5 billion yen ($2.2 billion), up from 200 billion yen in the year-earlier period, while consolidated quarterly sales edged up 3% year-on-year to 2.9 trillion yen ($19 billion).

Tokyo-based Sony’s latest quarterly results were boosted by healthy demand around the world for image sensors used in mobile products.

Sales also held up in its video games division. During the latest quarter, 3.8 million PlayStation 5 game consoles were sold globally, compared with 4.9 million units sold the same period a year ago.

Demand remained strong for PS5 game software, according to Sony.

The top-selling music releases from Sony for the quarter included “SOS” by SZA, David Gilmour’s “Luck and Strange” and Kenshi Yonezu’s “Lost Corner.”

One area where Sony’s business suffered was its pictures division, including TV shows and movies, which was impacted by production delays caused by the strikes in Hollywood.

Among the recent hit films from Sony was “It Ends With Us,” a romantic drama based on a novel.

Sony, which also makes digital cameras and TVs, maintained its 980-billion yen ($6.4 billion) profit forecast for the fiscal year through March 2025, up 1% from the previous fiscal year.

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Yuri Kageyama is on X:

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.



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