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China’s Sorry Economy Exhibits Little Demand For Credit

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Another ugly reminder of China’s failed economic management has emerged. Lending and borrowing continue to decline, pointing unmistakably to the country’s deep economic and financial ills. It is just another sign that Beijing has a lot of economic and financial doctoring to do – much more than it has done to date — before China can again produce anything near the kind of growth its people want and that Beijing’s inflated diplomatic ambitions demand.

The People’s Bank of China (PBOC), recently announced that the combination of bank and non-bank financing, what the officials at the bank refer to as “total social financing,” amounted to 12.93 trillion yuan ($1.787 trillion) in the January-March period. This figure is 1.61 trillion yuan or about 11% lower than comparable flows in the first quarter last year. Banks, almost entirely state owned, issued 9.46 trillion yuan in loans during the first three months of 2024, also down significantly from the same period in 2023. All figures came in below economists’ expectations.

Beijing should be troubled by this shortfall. Financing activity is what the economy needs to propel growth. The news is especially problematic because it is happening despite a generous provision of central-bank liquidity to financial markets. According to the PBOC, the broad M2 measure of money grew at a reasonably rapid 8.3% over the twelve months ended in March, down slightly from the 8.7 percent recorded over the twelve months ended in February but still expansive. Yet lending to businesses and households has continued to decline. Clearly, the paucity of lending and borrowing reflects a shortfall in demand not supply, and that fact points to the most fundamental of economic problems.

Much of this sorry news stems from the country’s property crisis. It has been festering since 2021 when the great developer, Evergrande, announced that it could not service its liabilities. Not only has the disappearance of this and other important property developers depressed construction activity — 33 percent below year-ago levels at last count in February — but the upheaval has frightened potential homebuyers such that sales of homes in February, the most recent period for which data are available, came in some 30 percent below year ago levels. Standouts in this sorry picture are the millions of would-be homeowners who took on mortgage debt to prepay for apartments that because of failures among developers, may never be built.

Financial problems are more general still. The failures of Evergrande and a long list of other property developers, large and small, have undermined the overall effectiveness of Chinese finance. The failures of the developers has left a legacy of questionable debt throughout Chinese finance. Still more, many of those who prepaid on now unfinished apartments have refused to pay on the mortgages they took out to make their purchase, adding to the questionable debt on the books of banks and other lenders. Under this cloud, potential lenders are more than a little wary of the financial health of any potential borrower. Such doubts also create hesitation in trading and normal daily flows between financial institutions. Something similar happened in the United States during the financial crisis of 2008-09. The upshot in the United States back then and in China now is a diminished ability in financial markets to support economic growth generally.

 

Nor do the PBOC’s interest rate cuts present much of an answer. In the past year or so, the PBOC has cut interest rates five times. But each has been a baby step. One of the bank’s key measures, the prime lending rate, has for instance fallen only four tenths of a percent over the entire period. Considering that over the same time, China has seen a modest inflation of around 2 percent a year turn to a modest deflation, the central bank’s cuts have left Chinese financial markets with higher real interest rates than when the bank began its cutting policy. This is hardly an inducement to borrowing. Indeed, it is a disincentive. Little wonder Beijing’s monetary policy has paid no dividend in greater economic activity.

Even if the PBOC were willing to move as boldly as circumstances demand, Beijing would still need to respond directly to the property crisis. It should have acted immediately when the problems arose in 2021. Inaction until 2023 allowed matters time to undermine the workings of financial markets as described. Had the authorities announced immediately that the government would, for instance, backstop the unfinished apartments for which millions of Chinese buyers had already paid, it would have done much to blunt if not entirely block the ill effects of the property failures on Chinese finance. But Beijing did nothing. And when the authorities did act late last year, offering support for unfinished apartments and other sensitive developments, the amounts they committed were too little. At last measure, Beijing had put up barely over 5 percent of the initial Evergrande losses and much less compared to the failures among developers since. On this basis alone, it looks like China will struggle for quite a while yet to come.

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B.C.’s debt and deficit forecast to rise as the provincial election nears

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VICTORIA – British Columbia is forecasting a record budget deficit and a rising debt of almost $129 billion less than two weeks before the start of a provincial election campaign where economic stability and future progress are expected to be major issues.

Finance Minister Katrine Conroy, who has announced her retirement and will not seek re-election in the Oct. 19 vote, said Tuesday her final budget update as minister predicts a deficit of $8.9 billion, up $1.1 billion from a forecast she made earlier this year.

Conroy said she acknowledges “challenges” facing B.C., including three consecutive deficit budgets, but expected improved economic growth where the province will start to “turn a corner.”

The $8.9 billion deficit forecast for 2024-2025 is followed by annual deficit projections of $6.7 billion and $6.1 billion in 2026-2027, Conroy said at a news conference outlining the government’s first quarterly financial update.

Conroy said lower corporate income tax and natural resource revenues and the increased cost of fighting wildfires have had some of the largest impacts on the budget.

“I want to acknowledge the economic uncertainties,” she said. “While global inflation is showing signs of easing and we’ve seen cuts to the Bank of Canada interest rates, we know that the challenges are not over.”

Conroy said wildfire response costs are expected to total $886 million this year, more than $650 million higher than originally forecast.

Corporate income tax revenue is forecast to be $638 million lower as a result of federal government updates and natural resource revenues are down $299 million due to lower prices for natural gas, lumber and electricity, she said.

Debt-servicing costs are also forecast to be $344 million higher due to the larger debt balance, the current interest rate and accelerated borrowing to ensure services and capital projects are maintained through the province’s election period, said Conroy.

B.C.’s economic growth is expected to strengthen over the next three years, but the timing of a return to a balanced budget will fall to another minister, said Conroy, who was addressing what likely would be her last news conference as Minister of Finance.

The election is expected to be called on Sept. 21, with the vote set for Oct. 19.

“While we are a strong province, people are facing challenges,” she said. “We have never shied away from taking those challenges head on, because we want to keep British Columbians secure and help them build good lives now and for the long term. With the investments we’re making and the actions we’re taking to support people and build a stronger economy, we’ve started to turn a corner.”

Premier David Eby said before the fiscal forecast was released Tuesday that the New Democrat government remains committed to providing services and supports for people in British Columbia and cuts are not on his agenda.

Eby said people have been hurt by high interest costs and the province is facing budget pressures connected to low resource prices, high wildfire costs and struggling global economies.

The premier said that now is not the time to reduce supports and services for people.

Last month’s year-end report for the 2023-2024 budget saw the province post a budget deficit of $5.035 billion, down from the previous forecast of $5.9 billion.

Eby said he expects government financial priorities to become a major issue during the upcoming election, with the NDP pledging to continue to fund services and the B.C. Conservatives looking to make cuts.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

Note to readers: This is a corrected story. A previous version said the debt would be going up to more than $129 billion. In fact, it will be almost $129 billion.

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Mark Carney mum on carbon-tax advice, future in politics at Liberal retreat

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NANAIMO, B.C. – Former Bank of Canada governor Mark Carney says he’ll be advising the Liberal party to flip some the challenges posed by an increasingly divided and dangerous world into an economic opportunity for Canada.

But he won’t say what his specific advice will be on economic issues that are politically divisive in Canada, like the carbon tax.

He presented his vision for the Liberals’ economic policy at the party’s caucus retreat in Nanaimo, B.C. today, after he agreed to help the party prepare for the next election as chair of a Liberal task force on economic growth.

Carney has been touted as a possible leadership contender to replace Justin Trudeau, who has said he has tried to coax Carney into politics for years.

Carney says if the prime minister asks him to do something he will do it to the best of his ability, but won’t elaborate on whether the new adviser role could lead to him adding his name to a ballot in the next election.

Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland says she has been taking advice from Carney for years, and that his new position won’t infringe on her role.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

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Nova Scotia bill would kick-start offshore wind industry without approval from Ottawa

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HALIFAX – The Nova Scotia government has introduced a bill that would kick-start the province’s offshore wind industry without federal approval.

Natural Resources Minister Tory Rushton says amendments within a new omnibus bill introduced today will help ensure Nova Scotia meets its goal of launching a first call for offshore wind bids next year.

The province wants to offer project licences by 2030 to develop a total of five gigawatts of power from offshore wind.

Rushton says normally the province would wait for the federal government to adopt legislation establishing a wind industry off Canada’s East Coast, but that process has been “progressing slowly.”

Federal legislation that would enable the development of offshore wind farms in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland and Labrador has passed through the first and second reading in the Senate, and is currently under consideration in committee.

Rushton says the Nova Scotia bill mirrors the federal legislation and would prevent the province’s offshore wind industry from being held up in Ottawa.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

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