When Saint John businessman Adolph Stern announced plans to build a 12,000-bottle-a-day dairy plant on City Road in the early 1920s, it created controversy.
The milk and dairy products produced at Purity Ice Cream would be pasteurized, a process opposed by many of the industry’s leaders in the province, who believed it unnecessary and expensive. It was welcomed, however, by public health officials concerned about infant mortality from diseases in raw milk.
The city’s Daily Telegraph newspaper weighed in April 1923.
“The city of St John has a high infant mortality rate and it is felt that whatever might be personal feeling in the matter, a measure which it is hoped will mean the saving of about fifty lives each year should be welcomed.”
Stern’s red brick, partly three-storey, glass-walled factory opened the following month.
Building may be doomed
Nearly 100 years later the remaining section of the building sits vacant, declared dilapidated by city council and slated for demolition.
In more recent decades, 111-115 City Rd. was shared by a bakery and a tavern, but both businesses closed their doors over the past few years.
But records shared with CBC by the New Brunswick Archives show it was once a bright and impressive building.
The complete construction plans by Saint John architects, Mott, Myles and Chatwin are included in the archives collection.
John Cushnie hopes to save and refurbish the former dairy and ice cream factory. (Connell Smith, CBC)
A city man, John Cushnie, is hoping to save the century-old building in hopes of restoring the original factory look and developing it as an income property.
The archival drawings show siding and additions added in the decades after the building’s construction have completely covered over a structure that once had three storeys of floor to ceiling windows facing south onto City Road.
“It sort of looks like the same building if you know what to look for,” said archivist Mary-Ellen Badeau. “But if you’re not used to looking at the architectural drawings you wouldn’t just clue in.”
“This is way more than we could have hoped for,” said Cushnie, on learning of the drawings. “This is so exciting.”
Purity Ice Cream was based in Saint John, with a dairy farm in South Bay, now part of the city’s west side, and branch plants in Fredericton and Peticodiac.
Owner Stern began his life in Austria in 1894.
[IMAGE
]In 1905 his family emigrated to America.
Stern joined the U.S.Army during the First World War, but by 1919, for reasons that aren’t clear, he, his parents and siblings had moved to New Brunswick and were operating the farm at South Bay.
More oriented to business than farming, Stern entered first the dairy and then the ice cream business.
A pasteurization leader
Badeau, who researched the Purity Ice Cream history for a 2016 article in Silhouettes, a newsletter for associates of the Archives, said Purity ice cream sales started at the farm itself before moving to a plant on Stanley Street in the city.
The City Road factory was designed around the pasteurization process.
At its rear was a railway siding. The company also had a fleet of trucks.
By 1929, the Purity Ice Cream company had been sold to Pacific Dairies and Stern, with bigger plans, was back in the U.S., trying to buy an operating dairy in New Jersey.
The attempted purchase failed, but he was struck by the long growing season available to farmers in the Vineland area of the state.
Additions over the past several decades have changed the appearance of the original factory. (Connell Smith, CBC)
Stern then managed to persuade much of his family at home to pull up stakes and move their farm to Vineland, N.J.
“It was seen as a climate that was more conducive to farming,” said Stern’s nephew, Marc Stern, who chairs the board of the Los Angeles Opera. “You could get two or three crops a year rather than, in Saint John, one or two.”
Around the same time, he made an abrupt career switch, jumping from business into law.
Family members aren’t sure where he received his training but suspect it was in Canada.
Three of Adolph Stern’s sisters had married Canadians and stayed behind with their families in Saint John.
Well-known Saint John families
Their grandchildren include members of the Weizel, Hoffman and Davis families.
Adolph Stern’s niece, Faith Stern said her uncle was the first member of the family to branch out from farming.
She describes him as a distinguished man with white hair who smoked a pipe.
“He was so different from so many of the rest of them because he was the lawyer,” she said. “The rest of them were all farmers of one sort or another.”
Marc Stern grew up working on the family’s Vineland farms.
His uncle’s law practice included work as city solicitor as well as solicitor for the Board of Education.
Businessman Adolph Stern created the Purity Ice Cream company of Saint John. He was at the forefront of the movement to bring pasteurization to New Brunswick. (Saint John Jewish Historical Museum)
But he maintained his home close to his family on one of the farms.
“He was always very nice to me, I liked him a lot,” he said.
“Sometimes, when I was working there and he came home from lunch, he would see me and he would invite me in to lunch. And that was like a real highlight as a young kid to have this prestigious uncle have you in to lunch.”
LONDON (AP) — With a few daubs of a paintbrush, the Brontë sisters have got their dots back.
More than eight decades after it was installed, a memorial to the three 19th-century sibling novelists in London’s Westminster Abbey was amended Thursday to restore the diaereses – the two dots over the e in their surname.
The dots — which indicate that the name is pronounced “brontay” rather than “bront” — were omitted when the stone tablet commemorating Charlotte, Emily and Anne was erected in the abbey’s Poets’ Corner in October 1939, just after the outbreak of World War II.
They were restored after Brontë historian Sharon Wright, editor of the Brontë Society Gazette, raised the issue with Dean of Westminster David Hoyle. The abbey asked its stonemason to tap in the dots and its conservator to paint them.
“There’s no paper record for anyone complaining about this or mentioning this, so I just wanted to put it right, really,” Wright said. “These three Yorkshire women deserve their place here, but they also deserve to have their name spelled correctly.”
It’s believed the writers’ Irish father Patrick changed the spelling of his surname from Brunty or Prunty when he went to university in England.
Raised on the wild Yorkshire moors, all three sisters died before they were 40, leaving enduring novels including Charlotte’s “Jane Eyre,” Emily’s “Wuthering Heights” and Anne’s “The Tenant of Wildfell Hall.”
Rebecca Yorke, director of the Brontë Society, welcomed the restoration.
“As the Brontës and their work are loved and respected all over the world, it’s entirely appropriate that their name is spelled correctly on their memorial,” she said.
In a case that has sent shockwaves through the Vancouver Island art community, a local art dealer has been charged with one count of fraud over $5,000. Calvin Lucyshyn, the former operator of the now-closed Winchester Galleries in Oak Bay, faces the charge after police seized hundreds of artworks, valued in the tens of millions of dollars, from various storage sites in the Greater Victoria area.
Alleged Fraud Scheme
Police allege that Lucyshyn had been taking valuable art from members of the public under the guise of appraising or consigning the pieces for sale, only to cut off all communication with the owners. This investigation began in April 2022, when police received a complaint from an individual who had provided four paintings to Lucyshyn, including three works by renowned British Columbia artist Emily Carr, and had not received any updates on their sale.
Further investigation by the Saanich Police Department revealed that this was not an isolated incident. Detectives found other alleged victims who had similar experiences with Winchester Galleries, leading police to execute search warrants at three separate storage locations across Greater Victoria.
Massive Seizure of Artworks
In what has become one of the largest art fraud investigations in recent Canadian history, authorities seized approximately 1,100 pieces of art, including more than 600 pieces from a storage site in Saanich, over 300 in Langford, and more than 100 in Oak Bay. Some of the more valuable pieces, according to police, were estimated to be worth $85,000 each.
Lucyshyn was arrested on April 21, 2022, but was later released from custody. In May 2024, a fraud charge was formally laid against him.
Artwork Returned, but Some Remain Unclaimed
In a statement released on Monday, the Saanich Police Department confirmed that 1,050 of the seized artworks have been returned to their rightful owners. However, several pieces remain unclaimed, and police continue their efforts to track down the owners of these works.
Court Proceedings Ongoing
The criminal charge against Lucyshyn has not yet been tested in court, and he has publicly stated his intention to defend himself against any pending allegations. His next court appearance is scheduled for September 10, 2024.
Impact on the Local Art Community
The news of Lucyshyn’s alleged fraud has deeply affected Vancouver Island’s art community, particularly collectors, galleries, and artists who may have been impacted by the gallery’s operations. With high-value pieces from artists like Emily Carr involved, the case underscores the vulnerabilities that can exist in art transactions.
For many art collectors, the investigation has raised concerns about the potential for fraud in the art world, particularly when it comes to dealing with private galleries and dealers. The seizure of such a vast collection of artworks has also led to questions about the management and oversight of valuable art pieces, as well as the importance of transparency and trust in the industry.
As the case continues to unfold in court, it will likely serve as a cautionary tale for collectors and galleries alike, highlighting the need for due diligence in the sale and appraisal of high-value artworks.
While much of the seized artwork has been returned, the full scale of the alleged fraud is still being unraveled. Lucyshyn’s upcoming court appearances will be closely watched, not only by the legal community but also by the wider art world, as it navigates the fallout from one of Canada’s most significant art fraud cases in recent memory.
Art collectors and individuals who believe they may have been affected by this case are encouraged to contact the Saanich Police Department to inquire about any unclaimed pieces. Additionally, the case serves as a reminder for anyone involved in high-value art transactions to work with reputable dealers and to keep thorough documentation of all transactions.
As with any investment, whether in art or other ventures, it is crucial to be cautious and informed. Art fraud can devastate personal collections and finances, but by taking steps to verify authenticity, provenance, and the reputation of dealers, collectors can help safeguard their valuable pieces.
