adplus-dvertising
Connect with us

Health

Do not fear PCOS. With a little help from your gynaec, you can deal with it and beat back infertility

Published

 on

Increasingly, young women are showing up at clinics complaining of irregular menstruation, one of the markers of the Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS), which is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, with prevalence estimates of around 15 to 22 per cent. The exact causes of PCOS are unknown but it is thought to be a result of hormonal disturbances (increased androgens and/or insulin) induced by a combination of genetic (X linked dominant gene) and environmental factors.

Common symptoms of PCOS are hirsutism, excess hair on chin, upper lip or lower abdomen, acne, irregular menstruation, male pattern alopecia (hair loss), dark thick pigmentation of skin, weight issues, obesity and infertility.

Consequences of PCOS include:

Subscriber Only Stories

300x250x1

1. Reduced psychological and emotional well-being due to negative self-body image

2. Hyperandrogenism manifesting as hirsutism and acne

3. Menstrual dysfunction

4. Infertility

5. Metabolic syndrome: Increased risk of Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risks.

6. Long term risk of endometrial cancer.

Diagnosis

Myth 1: Any cyst in the ovary means you have polycystic ovaries

Advertisement

There are several types of cysts in the ovaries. Polycystic appearance of ovaries on ultrasound may be a sign of PCOS but this may not always be seen on ultrasound. Many women have cysts but don’t have PCOS. Similarly, women may not have cysts but have signs of PCOS, like irregular periods or extra hair growth on the face or body, acne etc.

The diagnosis is straightforward using Rotterdam criteria. Two of the following three markers are needed for confirmation

1. Irregular menstruation showing anovulation

2. Ultrasound of the pelvis showing PCOS patterns

3. Clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism

Myth 2: PCOS is only seen in obese women

There can be lean as well as obese PCOS patients although 80 per cent of PCOS patients are obese.

MYTH 3: PCOS can be cured completely

Advertisement

There is no cure but there are many ways to decrease or eliminate PCOS symptoms and make you feel better.

Myth 4: Patients with PCOS can never conceive

Women with PCOS do not ovulate, which causes irregular menstruation resulting in infertility. So, the best way to increase the odds of conception is to give the ovaries a push using fertility medications like ovulation induction drugs. We can help 80 per cent of women with PCOS ovulate with these drugs. Of course, there is an increased chance of miscarriage in patients of PCOS. There is also an increased risk of developing diabetes during pregnancy and other complications. But a good obstetrician will be able to guide you through these conditions.

Management

· Goals of treatment may be considered in four categories:

1. Lowering of insulin resistance levels

2. Restoration of fertility

3. Treatment of hirsutism or acne

4. Restoration of regular menstruation and prevention of endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer.

The primary treatment for PCOS includes:

1.Lifestyle changes that include a calorie-restricted diet

2. Regular exercise

3. No smoking;

4. Medication

5. Emotional and psychological support

Diet

Methods that help to reduce weight or insulin resistance can be beneficial for all these symptoms. Even five to 10 per cent weight loss can improve symptoms markedly.

What diet is suggested in PCOS?

Advertisement

A low GI and high-fibre diet, in which a significant part of total carbohydrates is obtained from fruits, vegetables, and whole grain sources, has resulted in greater menstrual regularity

What not to eat with PCOS?

Avoid sweetened juice, canned fruit in heavy syrup, starchy

vegetables such as potatoes, corn, white flour products such as

Advertisement

white bread, pasta or white rice, sugary food such as cookies, cakes. Team this up with regular exercise of at least 150 minutes per week.

A diagnosis of PCOS suggests an increased risk of the following:

Advertisement

· Insulin resistance/Type II diabetes: Women with PCOS have an elevated prevalence of insulin resistance and type II diabetes, independent of body mass index (BMI).

· High blood pressure in those obese or pregnant

· Depression and anxiety

· Dyslipidaemia– disorders of lipid metabolism

· Cardiovascular disease: There’s a two-fold risk of arterial disease for women with PCOS relative to women without PCOS, independent of BMI.

· Stroke

· Obesity

· Miscarriage

· Sleep apnea, particularly if obesity is present

· Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, again particularly if obesity is present

· Acanthosis nigricans (patches of darkened skin under the arms, in the groin area, on the back of the neck)

· Endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer are possible due to prolonged stimulation of uterine cells by estrogen. It is not clear whether this risk is directly due to the syndrome or from the associated obesity, hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism.

Key Messages

PCOS is associated with a range of metabolic abnormalities, which can lead to long-term health problems

· PCOS limits fertility but can be treated.

· Early family initiation where practicable.

· Women with PCOS have increased risk of endometrial cancer with prolonged amenorrhea.

· Increased cardiovascular risk factors.

· Increased risk of diabetes.

· Lifestyle changes are the first line of therapy.

· 5-10 per cent weight loss will greatly assist in symptom control.

· Assess mental and emotional health.

· Management has to be tailored for each patient.

728x90x4

Source link

Continue Reading

Health

New technology to advance women’s cancer care at Southlake

Published

 on

NEWS RELEASE
SOUTHLAKE REGIONAL HEALTH CENTRE
**************************
This Cancer Awareness Month, Southlake is adding advanced technologies to detect and treat breast cancer and other women’s cancers thanks to generous community donor support, most recently through the HERE is Where Cancer Meets its Match campaign. New cancer care technology, including new mammography machines, the MyoSure System and the MOLLI 2® System will make a measurable impact in diagnosing and treating women’s cancers in the communities Southlake serves.

Southlake is installing three new mammography machines to expand its breast cancer screening program to 1,500 more women each year. Two of these machines have new biopsy capabilities that will reduce the number of cancelled exams due to equipment failure, ensuring timely care for women. Women ages 40 to 49 years old will be able to self-refer for publicly funded mammograms through the Ontario Breast Screening Program starting this fall.

“Early detection is critical when treating breast cancer and other women’s cancers,” said Lorrie Reynolds, Director, Regional Cancer Program at Southlake. “We treat more than 1,700 breast cancer patients at Southlake every year. By adding advanced technology, like the new mammography machines, we’re ensuring women have the best experience at Southlake.”

Southlake is also introducing the MyoSure System, an innovative technology that can help detect female reproductive cancers. Damaged tissue in a woman’s uterus such as fibroids and polyps can now be removed in a precise, minimally invasive procedure that leaves the rest of the uterus intact. This will improve the overall patient experience by supporting faster recovery, reducing the risk of infection and giving more women the option to have children. An estimated 200 women per year will benefit from the MyoSure System.

300x250x1

The new mammography machines and the MyoSure System build on Southlake’s recent investment in the MOLLI 2® System, a made-in-Canada wire-free breast localization technology.  This technology is considerably less invasive and more accurate when compared to wire-guided localization, resulting in a better patient experience and improved cosmetic outcomes.  More than 200 women each year will benefit from this innovative medical device as they are treated for breast cancer at Southlake.

“As a clinician caring for women with cancer in our community, I’m incredibly proud of the work Southlake is doing to advance women’s health and improve patient experiences,” said Sara Temple, MD, Surgical Oncologist and Chief of Surgery at Southlake. “Women who visit Southlake can be confident that they are receiving leading edge care, close to home when they need it most.”

The World Health Organization anticipates a 77 per cent increase in cancer diagnoses by 2050.  Southlake serves some of the fastest growing communities in Canada and anticipates that the number of patients requiring cancer care will grow. By investing in new technology, Southlake is ensuring that women in the communities it serves have access to leading edge cancer care. All of these investments were funded with support from community donors who generously gave to Southlake to support investments into women’s health at the hospital.

“The generosity of our donor community and the impact they have made for women receiving cancer diagnosis and treatment at Southlake is something we can all take great pride in,” said Jennifer Ritter, President and CEO of Southlake Foundation. “From our Women’s Health Initiative donors supporting new mammography machines, to the Ladies in Philanthropy for Southlake funding the MOLLI 2 System, to our long-standing partners The Edge Benefits and Pheasant Run Golf Club enabling the introduction of MyoSure System through their joint annual charity golf tournament, we are incredibly lucky to share a vision of access to exceptional care for everyone who depends on Southlake when they need us most. Thank you, to every donor who contributed to these important upgrades to care for women.”

Southlake Foundation’s HERE is Where Cancer Meets its Match campaign supports the Stronach Regional Cancer Centre at Southlake. For more information or to make a donation, visit: southlake.ca/HERE.

Adblock test (Why?)

728x90x4

Source link

Continue Reading

Health

Pasteurized milk includes remnants of H5N1 bird flu, U.S. officials say

Published

 on

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration says that samples of pasteurized milk have tested positive for remnants of the bird flu virus that has infected dairy cows.

The agency stressed that the material is inactivated and that the findings “do not represent actual virus that may be a risk to consumers.” Officials added that they’re continuing to study the issue.

“To date, we have seen nothing that would change our assessment that the commercial milk supply is safe,” the FDA said in a statement on Tuesday.

The announcement comes nearly a month after an avian influenza virus that has sickened millions of wild and commercial birds in recent years was detected in dairy cows in at least eight states. The Agriculture Department (USDA) says 33 herds have been affected to date.

300x250x1

FDA officials didn’t indicate how many samples they tested or where they were obtained. The agency has been evaluating milk during processing and from grocery stores, officials said. Results of additional tests are expected in “the next few days to weeks.”

WATCH | Bird flu spread in U.S. cows:

 

Bird flu is spreading in cows. Are humans at risk? | About That

15 days ago

Duration 8:54

For the first time ever, avian influenza, or H5N1 bird flu, was detected in roughly a dozen dairy cow herds across the U.S. About That producer Lauren Bird explores why scientists and public health officials are concerned about the cross-species transmission and whether humans are now at higher risk.

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) lab test the FDA used would have detected viral genetic material even after live virus was killed by pasteurization, or heat treatment, said Lee-Ann Jaykus, an emeritus food microbiologist and virologist at North Carolina State University

“There is no evidence to date that this is infectious virus, and the FDA is following up on that,” Jaykus said.

Officials with the FDA and the USDA had previously said milk from affected cattle did not enter the commercial supply. Milk from sick animals is supposed to be diverted and destroyed. Federal regulations require milk that enters interstate commerce to be pasteurized.

Tests for viable virus underway, agency says

Because the detection of the bird flu virus known as Type A H5N1 in dairy cattle is new and the situation is evolving, no studies on the effects of pasteurization on the virus have been completed, FDA officials said. But past research shows that pasteurization is “very likely” to inactivate heat-sensitive viruses like H5N1, the agency added.

The agency said it has been evaluating milk from affected animals, in the processing system and on the shelves. It said it is completing a large, representative national sample to understand the extent of the findings.

The FDA said it is further assessing any positive findings through egg inoculation tests, which it described as a gold standard for determining viable virus.

Matt Herrick, a spokesperson for the International Dairy Foods Association, said that time and temperature regulations for pasteurization ensure that the commercial U.S. milk supply is safe. Remnants of the virus “have zero impact on human health,” he wrote in an email.

Scientists confirmed the H5N1 virus in dairy cows in March after weeks of reports that cows in Texas were suffering from a mysterious malady. The cows were lethargic and saw a dramatic reduction in milk production. Although the H5N1 virus is lethal to commercial poultry, most infected cattle seem to recover within two weeks, experts said.

To date, two people in the U.S. have been infected with bird flu. A Texas dairy worker who was in close contact with an infected cow recently developed a mild eye infection and has recovered. In 2022, a prison inmate in a work program caught it while killing infected birds at a Colorado poultry farm. His only symptom was fatigue, and he recovered.


Adblock test (Why?)

728x90x4

Source link

Continue Reading

Health

Remnants of bird flu virus found in pasteurized milk, FDA says

Published

 on

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration said Tuesday that samples of pasteurized milk had tested positive for remnants of the bird flu virus that has infected dairy cows.

The agency stressed that the material is inactivated and that the findings “do not represent actual virus that may be a risk to consumers.” Officials added that they’re continuing to study the issue.

Adblock test (Why?)

300x250x1
728x90x4

Source link

Continue Reading

Trending