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Drawn to Mars, these researchers found themselves in Yukon instead

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Mars and the North have more in common than you would think.

Their similarities brought around 80 astroscientists to Yukon this week, representing universities and space agencies from all over the world.

They were attending the eighth international conference on Mars polar science. This year, Whitehorse was chosen to host for its proximity to polar terrain, according to organizers.

The scientists took field trips to Kluane National Park and Tombstone Territorial Park to explore, learn about First Nations history and broaden their polar frames of reference. Visiting glaciers in Kluane, for example, was an opportunity to see Mars-like formations up close.

“It’s not an exact match, but the processes on both planets are really similar,” said Michelle Viotti, who works for NASA in Pasadena, California, where the Jet Propulsion Laboratory is working to bring Martian rock samples home and study them for signs of long-ago life on Mars, alongside the European Space Agency.

“By understanding our home planet, we can really understand a different planet through the eyes of our rovers, orbiters and landers,” Viotti said.

Pruthvi Acharya, a PhD candidate from York University in Toronto, was surprised at the striking similarities between Kluane and the high-resolution images of glaciers on Mars.

Pruthvi Acharya, a PhD candidate from York University in Toronto, noted the striking similarities between glaciers in the Yukon and high-resolution images of glaciers on Mars. (Gabrielle Plonka/CBC)

“To me, they look the same,” Acharya said, describing the glacier flow lines and crater walls visible on both planets. “They’re not formed in the same way – I’m guessing – but the similarities were really fascinating and really cool to see.”

Ground-breaking research

Scientists convene at this conference every four years to share the latest research in ice and climate science on Mars.

Of the 80 attendees, nearly everyone made a presentation over the course of the week, representing Canada as well as Europe, the U.S., the Middle East and South America.

Some presented hypotheses and asked the audience to contribute ideas. Others outlined new methods of research and described what their team had tried over the past four years.

Mars polar science conference attendees watch presentations in the Kwanlin Dun Cultural Centre in Whitehorse on Monday. (Gabrielle Plonka/CBC)

“It’s just extremely exciting to see everyone from the community,” said Stefano Nerozzi, who hails from Italy and specializes in geological mapping and subsurface radar on Mars. “To meet them, hear about their research and chat about future research efforts.”

Outstanding questions and developments will be synthesized into a peer-reviewed publication at the end of the conference, with the help of several audience note-takers.

‘Where there’s ice … there’s life’

Isaac Smith, the conference’s organizer, is a professor at York University and a Canada Research Chair with special interest in studying ice on Mars.

Ice on Mars is key to both future exploration and to understanding the planet’s history, Smith explained.

“It’s fascinating. There’s more ice on Mars than in Greenland. It has ice caps, just like on Earth,” Smith said. “At some point, we’re going to send people there, and people are going to need resources when they get there.”

Smith was accompanied to the conference by a handful of York’s PhD students, including Shamira Andress, who helped co-organize the conference.

Andress studies a region of Mars called Phlegra Montes, which has been proposed as a future human landing site. The potential of human exploration fuels interest in ice, she explained, which can be resourced for drinking water and oxygen.

“We always say where there’s ice, there’s water, and where there’s water, there’s life,” she said.

 

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The body of a Ugandan Olympic athlete who was set on fire by her partner is received by family

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NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) — The body of Ugandan Olympic athlete Rebecca Cheptegei — who died after being set on fire by her partner in Kenya — was received Friday by family and anti-femicide crusaders, ahead of her burial a day later.

Cheptegei’s family met with dozens of activists Friday who had marched to the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital’s morgue in the western city of Eldoret while chanting anti-femicide slogans.

She is the fourth female athlete to have been killed by her partner in Kenya in yet another case of gender-based violence in recent years.

Viola Cheptoo, the founder of Tirop Angels – an organization that was formed in honor of athlete Agnes Tirop, who was stabbed to death in 2021, said stakeholders need to ensure this is the last death of an athlete due to gender-based violence.

“We are here to say that enough is enough, we are tired of burying our sisters due to GBV,” she said.

It was a somber mood at the morgue as athletes and family members viewed Cheptegei’s body which sustained 80% of burns after she was doused with gasoline by her partner Dickson Ndiema. Ndiema sustained 30% burns on his body and later succumbed.

Ndiema and Cheptegei were said to have quarreled over a piece of land that the athlete bought in Kenya, according to a report filed by the local chief.

Cheptegei competed in the women’s marathon at the Paris Olympics less than a month before the attack. She finished in 44th place.

Cheptegei’s father, Joseph, said that the body will make a brief stop at their home in the Endebess area before proceeding to Bukwo in eastern Uganda for a night vigil and burial on Saturday.

“We are in the final part of giving my daughter the last respect,” a visibly distraught Joseph said.

He told reporters last week that Ndiema was stalking and threatening Cheptegei and the family had informed police.

Kenya’s high rates of violence against women have prompted marches by ordinary citizens in towns and cities this year.

Four in 10 women or an estimated 41% of dating or married Kenyan women have experienced physical or sexual violence perpetrated by their current or most recent partner, according to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2022.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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The ancient jar smashed by a 4-year-old is back on display at an Israeli museum after repair

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TEL AVIV, Israel (AP) — A rare Bronze-Era jar accidentally smashed by a 4-year-old visiting a museum was back on display Wednesday after restoration experts were able to carefully piece the artifact back together.

Last month, a family from northern Israel was visiting the museum when their youngest son tipped over the jar, which smashed into pieces.

Alex Geller, the boy’s father, said his son — the youngest of three — is exceptionally curious, and that the moment he heard the crash, “please let that not be my child” was the first thought that raced through his head.

The jar has been on display at the Hecht Museum in Haifa for 35 years. It was one of the only containers of its size and from that period still complete when it was discovered.

The Bronze Age jar is one of many artifacts exhibited out in the open, part of the Hecht Museum’s vision of letting visitors explore history without glass barriers, said Inbal Rivlin, the director of the museum, which is associated with Haifa University in northern Israel.

It was likely used to hold wine or oil, and dates back to between 2200 and 1500 B.C.

Rivlin and the museum decided to turn the moment, which captured international attention, into a teaching moment, inviting the Geller family back for a special visit and hands-on activity to illustrate the restoration process.

Rivlin added that the incident provided a welcome distraction from the ongoing war in Gaza. “Well, he’s just a kid. So I think that somehow it touches the heart of the people in Israel and around the world,“ said Rivlin.

Roee Shafir, a restoration expert at the museum, said the repairs would be fairly simple, as the pieces were from a single, complete jar. Archaeologists often face the more daunting task of sifting through piles of shards from multiple objects and trying to piece them together.

Experts used 3D technology, hi-resolution videos, and special glue to painstakingly reconstruct the large jar.

Less than two weeks after it broke, the jar went back on display at the museum. The gluing process left small hairline cracks, and a few pieces are missing, but the jar’s impressive size remains.

The only noticeable difference in the exhibit was a new sign reading “please don’t touch.”

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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B.C. sets up a panel on bear deaths, will review conservation officer training

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VICTORIA – The British Columbia government is partnering with a bear welfare group to reduce the number of bears being euthanized in the province.

Nicholas Scapillati, executive director of Grizzly Bear Foundation, said Monday that it comes after months-long discussions with the province on how to protect bears, with the goal to give the animals a “better and second chance at life in the wild.”

Scapillati said what’s exciting about the project is that the government is open to working with outside experts and the public.

“So, they’ll be working through Indigenous knowledge and scientific understanding, bringing in the latest techniques and training expertise from leading experts,” he said in an interview.

B.C. government data show conservation officers destroyed 603 black bears and 23 grizzly bears in 2023, while 154 black bears were killed by officers in the first six months of this year.

Scapillati said the group will publish a report with recommendations by next spring, while an independent oversight committee will be set up to review all bear encounters with conservation officers to provide advice to the government.

Environment Minister George Heyman said in a statement that they are looking for new ways to ensure conservation officers “have the trust of the communities they serve,” and the panel will make recommendations to enhance officer training and improve policies.

Lesley Fox, with the wildlife protection group The Fur-Bearers, said they’ve been calling for such a committee for decades.

“This move demonstrates the government is listening,” said Fox. “I suspect, because of the impending election, their listening skills are potentially a little sharper than they normally are.”

Fox said the partnership came from “a place of long frustration” as provincial conservation officers kill more than 500 black bears every year on average, and the public is “no longer tolerating this kind of approach.”

“I think that the conservation officer service and the B.C. government are aware they need to change, and certainly the public has been asking for it,” said Fox.

Fox said there’s a lot of optimism about the new partnership, but, as with any government, there will likely be a lot of red tape to get through.

“I think speed is going to be important, whether or not the committee has the ability to make change and make change relatively quickly without having to study an issue to death, ” said Fox.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 9, 2024.

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