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Engineer who designs gels to mimic human tissues wins Canada's top science prize – CBC.ca

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A Toronto chemical engineering professor has won the $1 million Gerhard Herzberg Canada Gold Medal, the country’s top science prize, for her work designing gels that mimic human tissues.

The Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) announced Tuesday that Molly Shoichet, professor of chemical engineering and applied chemistry and Canada Research Chair in Tissue Engineering at the University of Toronto is this year’s recipient of the award, which recognizes “sustained excellence” and “overall influence” of research conducted in Canada in the natural sciences or engineering.

Shoichet’s hydrogels are used for drug development and  delivery and regenerative medicine to heal injuries and treat diseases.

NSERC said Shoichet’s work has led to the development of several “game-changing” applications of such materials. They “delivered a crucial breakthrough” by allowing cells to be grown in three dimensions as they do in the body, rather than the two dimensions they typically do in a petri dish.

Her collaborations with biologists have led to applications to treat cancer, stroke and degenerative blindness. 

Hydrogels are polymer materials — materials such as plastics, made of repeating units — that become swollen with water.

“If you’ve ever eaten Jell-o, that’s a hydrogel,” Shoichet said. Slime and the absorbent material inside disposable diapers are also hydrogels.

Shoichet’s hydrogels are specially designed to mimic tissues inside the human body.

“Most of our tissues are very soft, and that’s what hydrogels are.”

The work of Molly Shoichet, right, and members of her research lab, including Katarina Vulic, left, involves developing new materials that mimic human tissues. Her collaborations with biologists have led to applications to treat cancer, stroke and degenerative blindness. (Roberta Baker/University of Toronto)

Shoichet was born in Toronto, and studied science and engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and the University of Massachusetts Amherst. After graduating, she worked in the biotech industry alongside “brilliant biologists,” she said. She noticed that the biologists’ research was limited by what types of materials were available.

As an engineer, she realized she could help by custom designing materials for biologists. She could make materials specifically suit their needs, to answer their specific questions by designing hydrogels to mimic particular tissues.

“There’s no existing material that has the properties we’re looking for,” she said. “And so we end up inventing these new materials.… that’s so exciting.”

Her collaborations with biologists have also generated three spinoff companies, including AmacaThera, which was recently approved to run human trials of a long-acting anesthetic delivered with an injectable hydrogel to deal with post-surgical pain.

Shoichet noted that drugs given to deal with that kind of pain lead to a quarter of opioid addictions, which have been a deadly problem in Canada and around the world.

“What we’re really excited about is not only meeting that critical need of providing people with greater pain relief for a sustained period of time, but also possibly putting a dent in the operation,” she said. 

Shoichet added that she was caught up in the excitement of the biotech sector in Boston in the 1990s, and wants to create that kind of community in Toronto. Many of her students end up pursuing careers in the U.S., she said. “But really, Canada has invested so much in their education. And wouldn’t it be great if we had more opportunities for students to get work?”

Secret kept for 5 months

Shoichet, 55, previously served as Ontario’s first chief scientist and has won dozens of accolades for her work, including the Canada Council Killam Prize for Engineering. She has been named a L’Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science Laureate and an officer of the Order of Canada.

“But,” she said, “I think this is the pinnacle.”

She first got the overwhelming news by phone in May, which was when NSERC had intended to announce the award before postponing due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Shoichet and the students and staff in her lab are finally able to share their big secret after five months.

The money will fund their research and give Shoichet’s team the opportunity to ask and answer scientific questions on a broader scale, since it’s not tied to a particular project, she said.

“We make our biggest discoveries and advance knowledge the greatest when we just have that opportunity to think and be creative,” said Shoichet. “It’s wonderful just to have that opportunity to explore.”

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Pembina Pipeline earnings rise year over year to $385 million in third quarter

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CALGARY – Pembina Pipeline Corp. says it earned $385 million in its third quarter, up from $346 million a year earlier.

The Calgary-based company says its revenues rose to $1.84 billion, up from $1.46 billion during the third quarter of 2023.

Earnings per diluted share were 60 cents, up from 57 cents a year earlier.

The company narrowed its adjusted earnings guidance range for the year, citing prevailing forward commodity prices and the volume outlook for the fourth quarter.

Pipeline volumes during the quarter rose six per cent, which the company said was primarily due to its increased ownership interest in the Alliance Pipeline and the reactivation of the Nipisi Pipeline in late 2023.

The company says it’s poised to deliver a record financial year thanks in part to recent acquisitions and growing volumes.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 5, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:PPL)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.



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‘He violated me’: Women tell sex assault trial Regina chiropractor pulled breasts

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REGINA – Two women told a jury trial Tuesday that a Regina chiropractor pulled their breasts during appointments.

Ruben Manz is accused of sexually assaulting seven women between 2010 and 2020 while they were under his care. The complainants cannot be identified due to a publication ban.

A 47-year-old woman, who described herself as a professional athlete, testified she went to see Manz in 2011 to treat pain in her neck, shoulders, lower back and hips.

She said she was sitting on an exam table when Manz placed a hand on her shoulder, pulled her head to one side and put a hand in her shirt.

He asked if she was OK, she said, and she replied yes but was hesitant.

Manz then moved his hand into her bra and pulled her breast, she told the jury.

“He said, ‘Just relax. It’s part of the treatment,’ And I said, ‘The hell it is,’” the woman testified. “I got up, grabbed my stuff and left the room.”

The woman said what happened to her was wrong and no other chiropractor had touched her that way.

She stopped seeing Manz immediately, she said.

“I didn’t trust him. He violated me.”

The woman said she reported Manz to a chiropractors association the next day. In 2021, after reading a news report about criminal charges against Manz, she went to police.

“He did this to somebody else, so I was mad,” she testified.

She said she regularly seeks treatment for muscle strain and adjustments to her shoulders, hips and spine.

“I have to work very hard to find the strength to trust people to put their hands on me,” she added.

Defence lawyer Kathy Hodgson-Smith questioned the woman about what she remembered, including how many appointments she had with Manz, the clothes she was wearing and how many people she told about her allegation.

The woman said she couldn’t remember exactly how many times she saw Manz. She recalled wearing a supportive bra meant to prevent pressure to her chest.

She said she’s been open about sharing what happened with others if the topic of bad experiences comes up.

“I remember that one incident with him like it was yesterday,” the woman testified. “I remembered it this whole time — not because it came up in a news report or because I talked about it.

“Because it wasn’t OK. And I haven’t had a chiropractor before then or since then do that to me.”

Hodgson-Smith said it’s possible the woman didn’t stop the doctor from touching her and didn’t storm out of his office.

“You left that office normal,” the lawyer said.

“I absolutely did not, and I take high, high offence in that,” the woman responded, wiping away tears.

“You’re asking me to defend myself, when I didn’t do anything wrong.”

A 50-year-old woman testified she started seeing Manz in about 2005 to address neck and back pain after getting into a car crash.

At her last appointment with the doctor, she said, one of his hands was inside her shirt while his other hand was pulling her head to one side.

His pinky finger went underneath her bra, she said, and she felt her breast lift.

“I said, ‘My boob, you’re pulling my boob out of my bra.’ And he let go,” said the woman.

“We just kind of, I don’t know, tried to act normal. He said, ‘OK, we’ll see you next time,’ and that was pretty much it.”

The woman said she never booked another appointment with Manz.

“I just felt very uncomfortable.”

The trial is scheduled to continue this week.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 5, 2024.



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Alberta aims to add two seats to legislature, bringing total to 89 for next election

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EDMONTON – Alberta’s surging population has the provincial government planning to add more seats to the legislature.

Justice Minister Mickey Amery introduced a bill Tuesday that calls for the creation of two additional electoral districts to bring the province’s seat total to 89 ahead of the 2027 general election.

There could also be widespread boundary changes, as the bill, if passed, would remove a provision that requires riding boundaries respect municipal boundaries as a guiding principle.

When asked by reporters if removing the provision is an attempt to dilute urban ridings with rural voters, who historically favour conservative representatives, Amery said the United Conservative Party government is aiming for manoeuvrability.

“A number of rural or semi-rural communities are very much closely connected to their urban cities that they’re nearby,” Amery said.

“The idea here is to build the flexibility for the commission to identify, for example, communities of interest, communities that share common transportation routes or common themes.”

Amery said the decision to increase seats is driven by Alberta’s recent surge in population, which is now at almost five million.

Government figures show that nine of Alberta’s current 87 constituencies are overpopulated, and Amery said having two additional representatives in the legislative assembly would improve voter representation.

Five of those overpopulated districts are in Calgary, three are in Edmonton, and the last is Airdrie-Cochrane, which covers all of Cochrane — a town that has seen its population grow by over 40 per cent since 2016.

Provincial rules dictate that the population of each constituency must be within 25 per cent of the average population of all electoral districts, though some exceptions are made for a couple rural districts where meeting that target isn’t feasible.

Should the bill pass, the government would establish a five-member commission to study and recommend where the boundaries of existing constituencies should be changed to create the two new districts.

Even if the bill is defeated, Premier Danielle Smith’s government would still need to establish a commission to review the electoral districts before the next election.

The commission would be made up of two members appointed by the Opposition NDP and three, including a committee chair, appointed by the United Conservatives.

NDP justice critic Irfan Sabir said he expects the UCP to go through the boundary redesign in good faith.

“We expect that it’s a fair process and these new ridings are given in the areas where we see the most population and growth pressures, and these are not just used for any political gains,” Sabir said.

The last election in 2023 saw results unfold along geographic lines, with the NDP taking Edmonton, the UCP dominating in rural areas and the two sides effectively splitting the key battleground of Calgary.

Political science professor Lisa Young said she isn’t surprised the government is looking to expand the legislature, as not doing so ahead of the necessary district review might have meant the loss of rural districts in favour of new urban ones where the population growth is being seen.

“It gets the government out of an immediate political problem,” said Young with the University of Calgary.

“If they didn’t, they were going to have to deal with a really messy situation that would have reduced the number of rural ridings, and that would have created problems inside UCP caucus.”

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 5, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.



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