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Hairy star passing through – Skywatching – Castanet.net

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Through binoculars, a few nights ago comet NEOWISE looked like a blurry star that had been smeared upward by the artist before the paint was dry.

At 3:45 a.m., the sky was already brightening and almost twilight. Against the deep blue, the comet was a beautiful sight, even to eyes that were still half-asleep.

What is a comet, and why do astronomers find them so interesting?

When our Solar System formed some 4.5 billion years ago, there was a lot of construction material left over. This is sitting out at the edge of the Solar System as a collection of millions or billions of lumps of dust and ice, typically a few kilometres in diameter, except that few, if any of them, are actually spherical in shape.

Occasionally, a collision or near collision between two of these bodies can result in one of them going into a new orbit, taking it into the inner Solar System.

Comet NEOWISE is one of those deflected objects.

In the outer Solar System, far beyond Pluto, it is dark and very cold. Bodies lying out there are in a cosmic deep-freeze, which can preserve them as unchanged pieces of Solar System construction material for billions of years.

It is still extremely difficult to send spacecraft into the outer Solar System. This is one of the reasons we are so interested when a lump of construction material comes into our neighbourhood, which is exactly what is happening now.

The new orbit of one of these deflected objects may take it close to the Sun, maybe closer than Mercury or Venus, and then back out to where it came from, and then back into the inner Solar System again.

The object starts its inward trip as a dark lump of dirty ice, containing trapped organic chemicals and other things from the Solar System’s birth cloud.

As it gets closer to the Sun it warms up. The more volatile chemicals start to evaporate and the ice begins to melt. In the vacuum of space the ice converts directly to water vapour. Blasts of vapour erupt through the surface, blowing dust into space.

Light pressure from the Sun and the solar wind blow the vapours and dust outward from the object. This is lit up by the Sun, and that dark, almost invisible lump of dirty ice becomes surrounded by a glowing envelope and trailing a glowing tail millions of kilometres long. It has become a comet, or “hairy star,” one of the most beautiful objects we see in the sky.

In the past, the search for comets has been mostly the province of amateur astronomers. Many of them have had their names attached to the comets, following the tradition of Halley’s Comet, Comet Arend-Roland, Hyakutake and Hale-Bopp.

The advent of large-field, survey and search instruments over the last decade or so, deployed on the Earth and in space, means that today the amateur comet hunters face some very strong competition. Most new comets are found using these instruments.

This new comet was discovered on March 27, by the Near Earth Object Wide-Field Survey Explorer, NEOWISE. The instrument’s primary purpose is to search for near-Earth asteroids, but it is also a good comet finder.

Comets are usually discovered when they are far from the Sun, before they have got into full production of jets of vapour and dust.

At that time it is hard to tell whether it will only release a little, in which case it will remain hard to see, or if it will produce huge amounts, possibly making a spectacle visible to our unaided eyes.

Comet NEOWISE was widely expected to be a fizzler. It turns out to have become quite a spectacle.

Search for the comet with binoculars between 11 p.m. and midnight by scanning the sky below and either side of the Big Dipper.

Otherwise look in the northeast between 3 and 4 a.m.

  • Jupiter and Saturn rise around midnight and Mars in the early hours.
  • That searchlight in the east before dawn is Venus. Scan the sky to the left of Venus to find the comet.
  • The Moon reaches Last Quarter on the 27th.

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The body of a Ugandan Olympic athlete who was set on fire by her partner is received by family

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NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) — The body of Ugandan Olympic athlete Rebecca Cheptegei — who died after being set on fire by her partner in Kenya — was received Friday by family and anti-femicide crusaders, ahead of her burial a day later.

Cheptegei’s family met with dozens of activists Friday who had marched to the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital’s morgue in the western city of Eldoret while chanting anti-femicide slogans.

She is the fourth female athlete to have been killed by her partner in Kenya in yet another case of gender-based violence in recent years.

Viola Cheptoo, the founder of Tirop Angels – an organization that was formed in honor of athlete Agnes Tirop, who was stabbed to death in 2021, said stakeholders need to ensure this is the last death of an athlete due to gender-based violence.

“We are here to say that enough is enough, we are tired of burying our sisters due to GBV,” she said.

It was a somber mood at the morgue as athletes and family members viewed Cheptegei’s body which sustained 80% of burns after she was doused with gasoline by her partner Dickson Ndiema. Ndiema sustained 30% burns on his body and later succumbed.

Ndiema and Cheptegei were said to have quarreled over a piece of land that the athlete bought in Kenya, according to a report filed by the local chief.

Cheptegei competed in the women’s marathon at the Paris Olympics less than a month before the attack. She finished in 44th place.

Cheptegei’s father, Joseph, said that the body will make a brief stop at their home in the Endebess area before proceeding to Bukwo in eastern Uganda for a night vigil and burial on Saturday.

“We are in the final part of giving my daughter the last respect,” a visibly distraught Joseph said.

He told reporters last week that Ndiema was stalking and threatening Cheptegei and the family had informed police.

Kenya’s high rates of violence against women have prompted marches by ordinary citizens in towns and cities this year.

Four in 10 women or an estimated 41% of dating or married Kenyan women have experienced physical or sexual violence perpetrated by their current or most recent partner, according to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2022.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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The ancient jar smashed by a 4-year-old is back on display at an Israeli museum after repair

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TEL AVIV, Israel (AP) — A rare Bronze-Era jar accidentally smashed by a 4-year-old visiting a museum was back on display Wednesday after restoration experts were able to carefully piece the artifact back together.

Last month, a family from northern Israel was visiting the museum when their youngest son tipped over the jar, which smashed into pieces.

Alex Geller, the boy’s father, said his son — the youngest of three — is exceptionally curious, and that the moment he heard the crash, “please let that not be my child” was the first thought that raced through his head.

The jar has been on display at the Hecht Museum in Haifa for 35 years. It was one of the only containers of its size and from that period still complete when it was discovered.

The Bronze Age jar is one of many artifacts exhibited out in the open, part of the Hecht Museum’s vision of letting visitors explore history without glass barriers, said Inbal Rivlin, the director of the museum, which is associated with Haifa University in northern Israel.

It was likely used to hold wine or oil, and dates back to between 2200 and 1500 B.C.

Rivlin and the museum decided to turn the moment, which captured international attention, into a teaching moment, inviting the Geller family back for a special visit and hands-on activity to illustrate the restoration process.

Rivlin added that the incident provided a welcome distraction from the ongoing war in Gaza. “Well, he’s just a kid. So I think that somehow it touches the heart of the people in Israel and around the world,“ said Rivlin.

Roee Shafir, a restoration expert at the museum, said the repairs would be fairly simple, as the pieces were from a single, complete jar. Archaeologists often face the more daunting task of sifting through piles of shards from multiple objects and trying to piece them together.

Experts used 3D technology, hi-resolution videos, and special glue to painstakingly reconstruct the large jar.

Less than two weeks after it broke, the jar went back on display at the museum. The gluing process left small hairline cracks, and a few pieces are missing, but the jar’s impressive size remains.

The only noticeable difference in the exhibit was a new sign reading “please don’t touch.”

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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B.C. sets up a panel on bear deaths, will review conservation officer training

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VICTORIA – The British Columbia government is partnering with a bear welfare group to reduce the number of bears being euthanized in the province.

Nicholas Scapillati, executive director of Grizzly Bear Foundation, said Monday that it comes after months-long discussions with the province on how to protect bears, with the goal to give the animals a “better and second chance at life in the wild.”

Scapillati said what’s exciting about the project is that the government is open to working with outside experts and the public.

“So, they’ll be working through Indigenous knowledge and scientific understanding, bringing in the latest techniques and training expertise from leading experts,” he said in an interview.

B.C. government data show conservation officers destroyed 603 black bears and 23 grizzly bears in 2023, while 154 black bears were killed by officers in the first six months of this year.

Scapillati said the group will publish a report with recommendations by next spring, while an independent oversight committee will be set up to review all bear encounters with conservation officers to provide advice to the government.

Environment Minister George Heyman said in a statement that they are looking for new ways to ensure conservation officers “have the trust of the communities they serve,” and the panel will make recommendations to enhance officer training and improve policies.

Lesley Fox, with the wildlife protection group The Fur-Bearers, said they’ve been calling for such a committee for decades.

“This move demonstrates the government is listening,” said Fox. “I suspect, because of the impending election, their listening skills are potentially a little sharper than they normally are.”

Fox said the partnership came from “a place of long frustration” as provincial conservation officers kill more than 500 black bears every year on average, and the public is “no longer tolerating this kind of approach.”

“I think that the conservation officer service and the B.C. government are aware they need to change, and certainly the public has been asking for it,” said Fox.

Fox said there’s a lot of optimism about the new partnership, but, as with any government, there will likely be a lot of red tape to get through.

“I think speed is going to be important, whether or not the committee has the ability to make change and make change relatively quickly without having to study an issue to death, ” said Fox.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 9, 2024.

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