Investment

How to manage your investment portfolio risks

Published

1 year ago

May 13, 2023

FP columnist Martin Pelletier is an avid mountain biker and has learned the hard way how to adjust for risk. Photo by Gavin Young/Postmedia

Being an avid downhill mountain biker and skier, I learned the benefits of defining and assessing risk the hard way rather quickly, but many ignore risk when investing or get their assessment wrong when trying to understand what it truly entails.

Risk is the possibility of something unpleasant or unwelcoming happening weighed against the reward being offered by certain activity. In the case of investing, it is the probability of locking in a permanent loss, while in adventure sports, it’s the chance of permanent injury.

It’s important for investors to realize that the greater the variability of your returns, the greater the chance of making a mistake because of emotions entering the decision-making process. Think of it this way: the steeper the mountain, the greater the speed involved, and the more turns and objects you need to handle, all of which creates a higher likelihood of crashing.

Measuring the standard deviation of your portfolio is a good initial indicator of how steep the risk curve is as well as the overall level of risk being taken onboard.

Ideally, you want a portfolio manager who will create what is called a positive asymmetrical return profile, which refers to a strategy that aims to provide higher potential returns than potential losses.

This essentially creates a favourable imbalance between profit and loss, or positive and negative returns. As a result, there is a safety net in the event of a crash that minimizes the chance of your portfolio undergoing an injury that prevents it from achieving its overall objective.

Last year was an excellent chance to evaluate your portfolio because if it fully tracked a passive benchmark during a negative event, such as high inflation and the corresponding rapid rise in interest rates, there was no such safety net and, therefore, little to no risk management being offered.

In such a case, you are simply better off owning the market passively and doing it yourself rather than paying fees to have someone steer your portfolio.

This is because stock market returns by default are asymmetric given they have what are called fat tails, meaning there can be huge gains or losses at both ends of a distribution curve. Fat-tail events are rare, at more than three standard deviations from the mean, but they can wreak havoc on a portfolio when they happen. Worse, you react by trying to time the market, thereby locking in those losses.

This is why it is important to employ tail-risk hedging within your investment portfolio. As risk managers, we deploy such strategies via structured notes that have embedded downside barriers, as well as tactical asset allocation.

For example, having long-dated U.S. Treasuries provided excellent downside protection during the March 2020 COVID-19 meltdown. More recently, we were able to provide flat performance last year in our balanced strategy, while most 60/40 portfolios fell by 10 to 15 per cent, by greatly reducing our duration exposure within both our bond and equity positions, as well as by adding a slice of inflation protection via a 10-to-15-per-cent weighting to energy.

Looking ahead, not surprisingly, those who fully participated in last year’s correction are now advising people to double down and take on extra-long duration to try to recoup those paper losses. This is a classic example of what we call loss aversion in our business. It could possibly work out, but it nonetheless adds more risk to your portfolio.

Making bets in an attempt to capture the right side of a low-probability, fat-tail event because you participated on the wrong side of a negative event is not something we’re interested in doing. We much prefer an approach that reduces the variability of your portfolio and maximizes the probability of achieving your target return independent of what everyone else is doing.

Or, as Benjamin Graham famously said: “The essence of investment management is the management of risks, not the management of returns.”

Martin Pelletier, CFA, is a senior portfolio manager at Wellington-Altus Private Counsel Inc, operating as TriVest Wealth Counsel, a private client and institutional investment firm specializing in discretionary risk-managed portfolios, investment audit/oversight and advanced tax, estate and wealth planning.

Source link

Economy

S&P/TSX composite down more than 200 points, U.S. stock markets also fall

Published

1 week ago

September 6, 2024

Anne Joseph

TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index was down more than 200 points in late-morning trading, weighed down by losses in the technology, base metal and energy sectors, while U.S. stock markets also fell.

The S&P/TSX composite index was down 239.24 points at 22,749.04.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was down 312.36 points at 40,443.39. The S&P 500 index was down 80.94 points at 5,422.47, while the Nasdaq composite was down 380.17 points at 16,747.49.

The Canadian dollar traded for 73.80 cents US compared with 74.00 cents US on Thursday.

The October crude oil contract was down US$1.07 at US$68.08 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was up less than a penny at US$2.26 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was down US$2.10 at US$2,541.00 an ounce and the December copper contract was down four cents at US$4.10 a pound.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 6, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

Source link

Economy

S&P/TSX composite up more than 150 points, U.S. stock markets also higher

Published

3 weeks ago

August 29, 2024

Anne Joseph

TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index was up more than 150 points in late-morning trading, helped by strength in technology, financial and energy stocks, while U.S. stock markets also pushed higher.

The S&P/TSX composite index was up 171.41 points at 23,298.39.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 278.37 points at 41,369.79. The S&P 500 index was up 38.17 points at 5,630.35, while the Nasdaq composite was up 177.15 points at 17,733.18.

The Canadian dollar traded for 74.19 cents US compared with 74.23 cents US on Wednesday.

The October crude oil contract was up US$1.75 at US$76.27 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was up less than a penny at US$2.10 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was up US$18.70 at US$2,556.50 an ounce and the December copper contract was down less than a penny at US$4.22 a pound.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Aug. 29, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

Source link

Investment

Crypto Market Bloodbath Amid Broader Economic Concerns

Published

1 month ago

August 5, 2024

Harry Miller

The crypto market has recently experienced a significant downturn, mirroring broader risk asset sell-offs. Over the past week, Bitcoin’s price dropped by 24%, reaching $53,000, while Ethereum plummeted nearly a third to $2,340. Major altcoins also suffered, with Cardano down 27.7%, Solana 36.2%, Dogecoin 34.6%, XRP 23.1%, Shiba Inu 30.1%, and BNB 25.7%.

The severe downturn in the crypto market appears to be part of a broader flight to safety, triggered by disappointing economic data. A worse-than-expected unemployment report on Friday marked the beginning of a technical recession, as defined by the Sahm Rule. This rule identifies a recession when the three-month average unemployment rate rises by at least half a percentage point from its lowest point in the past year.

Friday’s figures met this threshold, signaling an abrupt economic downshift. Consequently, investors sought safer assets, leading to declines in major stock indices: the S&P 500 dropped 2%, the Nasdaq 2.5%, and the Dow 1.5%. This trend continued into Monday with further sell-offs overseas.

The crypto market’s rapid decline raises questions about its role as either a speculative asset or a hedge against inflation and recession. Despite hopes that crypto could act as a risk hedge, the recent crash suggests it remains a speculative investment.

Since the downturn, the crypto market has seen its largest three-day sell-off in nearly a year, losing over $500 billion in market value. According to CoinGlass data, this bloodbath wiped out more than $1 billion in leveraged positions within the last 24 hours, including $365 million in Bitcoin and $348 million in Ether.

Khushboo Khullar of Lightning Ventures, speaking to Bloomberg, argued that the crypto sell-off is part of a broader liquidity panic as traders rush to cover margin calls. Khullar views this as a temporary sell-off, presenting a potential buying opportunity.

Josh Gilbert, an eToro market analyst, supports Khullar’s perspective, suggesting that the expected Federal Reserve rate cuts could benefit crypto assets. “Crypto assets have sold off, but many investors will see an opportunity. We see Federal Reserve rate cuts, which are now likely to come sharper than expected, as hugely positive for crypto assets,” Gilbert told Coindesk.

Despite the recent volatility, crypto continues to make strides toward mainstream acceptance. Notably, Morgan Stanley will allow its advisors to offer Bitcoin ETFs starting Wednesday. This follows more than half a year after the introduction of the first Bitcoin ETF. The investment bank will enable over 15,000 of its financial advisors to sell BlackRock’s IBIT and Fidelity’s FBTC. This move is seen as a significant step toward the “mainstreamization” of crypto, given the lengthy regulatory and company processes in major investment banks.

The recent crypto market downturn highlights its volatility and the broader economic concerns affecting all risk assets. While some analysts see the current situation as a temporary sell-off and a buying opportunity, others caution against the speculative nature of crypto. As the market evolves, its role as a mainstream alternative asset continues to grow, marked by increasing institutional acceptance and new investment opportunities.