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Huawei-built data centre a ‘failed investment,’ Papua New Guinea says – The Globe and Mail

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A surveillance camera is seen in front of a Huawei logo in Belgrade, Serbia on Aug. 11, 2020.

MARKO DJURICA/Reuters

A Huawei-built data centre in Papua New Guinea is a “failed investment,” that country’s government says, after a technical review found serious security vulnerabilities in what was designed to be an important piece of the country’s digital infrastructure.

Dated encryption technology and the placement of some devices in the centre meant that “data flows could be easily intercepted,” according to a review commissioned by Papua New Guinea’s National Cyber Security Centre and obtained by The Globe and Mail. The security centre receives funding from Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. Canberra was given a copy of the report, whose findings were first reported by the Australian Financial Review.

The report details numerous technical deficiencies in the National Data Centre, including firewall devices “with basic settings for defence”; the use of 3DES, a 1995-era encryption standard “considered openly broken since 2016”; and the installation of core switches outside firewalls, which means “remote access would not be detected.” The physical configuration of the data centre was different from the schematics for its design, and the differences made it more vulnerable to hacking.

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The data centre was financed by a US$53-million loan from the Export-Import Bank of China and designed by engineers from Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. Its deficiencies have renewed questions about the trustworthiness of Huawei technology at a time when Ottawa and other Western capitals are mulling whether to allow equipment from the Chinese company in 5G networks.

“To some extent, we can conclude that it truly is a failed investment,” Timothy Masiu, Papua New Guinea’s Minister for Information and Communication Technology, said in a statement on Thursday. He suggested looking instead to cloud storage from companies like Amazon.comInc. and Microsoft Corp., before cautioning against geopolitical point-scoring over digital infrastructure. “Our national issues are our business, and must not be used to fit any other narrative,” he said.

Outside Papua New Guinea, however, the problems with the data centre add to concerns about the security of technology made by a company headquartered in China, where the law compels organizations and citizens to “support, assist and co-operate” with the country’s intelligence apparatus.

The United States, the U.K. and Australia have to varying degrees banned Huawei’s 5G technology.

Last year, the UK’s Huawei Cyber Security Evaluation Centre oversight board faulted Huawei more broadly for problems with “basic engineering competence and cyber security hygiene that give rise to vulnerabilities that are capable of being exploited by a range of actors.” In April, 2019, Ian Levy, the technical director of the National Cyber Security Centre in the U.K., told the BBC that “the security in Huawei is like nothing else – it’s engineering like it’s back in the year 2000 – it’s very, very shoddy.”

Huawei was also the main digital supplier to the Chinese-built African Union headquarters, where, for five years, data were transferred to servers in Shanghai, according to reports in Le Monde Afrique and The Financial Times. Officials have denied such problems existed, and Huawei has said that if any data leaked, it wasn’t from the company’s equipment.

Still, such problems point to “a relatively immature … security culture in the company,” said Christopher Parsons, a senior research associate at The Citizen Lab, which specializes in communications and security studies at the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy.

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In Papua New Guinea, “some of the issues being raised are not particularly advanced problems to have identified and then remediated,” Mr. Parsons said. “The fact they weren’t is unfortunate, and speaks poorly of the security culture that Huawei has.”

Huawei did not offer an on-record response to detailed questions about the Papua New Guinea data centre from The Globe. It told the Australian Financial Review: “This project complies with appropriate industry standards and the requirements of the customer.”

Huawei has a deep foothold in Papua New Guinea. The company built 4G networks for the country, a high-speed broadband network, and a network of submarine cables to connect coastal settlements. At least one local community complained that excavators used to lay underwater cable broke reefs.

Huawei was also the contractor for a national identity project that includes an electronic identification (e-ID) system backed by a database. That database, service for which has occasionally been interrupted for days, is at the National Data Centre.

The company’s importance to Papua New Guinea means trouble with the data centre is “a very sensitive issue,” the Ministry of Information and Communication Technology said in a chat message.

In Beijing, foreign ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian said the “Chinese government always requires Chinese companies, in their overseas operations, to strictly follow international regulations.” But, he said, the Chinese government firmly opposes “some foreign media’s malicious discussions about the data centre.”

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In Papua New Guinea, security vulnerabilities have become less of a concern than disrepair. The data centre has a slow internet connection, and some of its components – including backup batteries and an e-mail server – are broken. Software licences have expired, and the report says local authorities do not have enough funds to properly maintain the centre.

As a result, it “is not currently used by a significant portion of the government of PNG,” the report found. “It is assessed that a full rebuild would need to occur to modernize the facility.”

Our Morning Update and Evening Update newsletters are written by Globe editors, giving you a concise summary of the day’s most important headlines. Sign up today.

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BWXT announces $80M investment for plant in Cambridge – CityNews Kitchener

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BWX Technologies (BWXT) in Cambridge is investing $80-million to expand their nuclear manufacturing plant in Cambridge.

Minister of Energy, Todd Smith, was in the city on Friday to join the company in the announcement.

The investment will create over 200 new skilled and unionized jobs. This is part of the province’s plan to expand affordable and clean nuclear energy to power the economy.

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“With shovels in the ground today on new nuclear generation, including the first small modular reactor in the G7, I’m so pleased to see global nuclear manufacturers like BWXT expanding their operations in Cambridge and hiring more Ontario workers,” Smith said. “The benefits of Ontario’s nuclear industry reaches far beyond the stations at Darlington, Pickering and Bruce, and this $80 million investment shows how all communities can help meet Ontario’s growing demand for clean energy, while also securing local investments and creating even more good-paying jobs.”

The added jobs will support BWXT’s existing operations across the province as well as help the sector’s ongoing operations of existing nuclear stations at Darlington, Bruce and Pickering.

“Our expansion comes at a time when we’re supporting our customers in the successful execution of some of the largest clean nuclear energy projects in the world,” John MacQuarrie, President of Commercial Operations at BWXT, said.

“At the same time, the global nuclear industry is increasingly being called upon to mitigate the impacts of climate change and increase energy security and independence. By investing significantly in our Cambridge manufacturing facility, BWXT is further positioning our business to serve our customers to produce more safe, clean and reliable electricity in Canada and abroad.”

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AI investments will help chip sector to recover: Analyst – Yahoo Finance

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The semiconductor sector is undergoing a correction as interest rate cut expectations dwindle, prompting concerns about the impact on these high-growth, technology-driven stocks. Wedbush Enterprise Hardware Analyst Matt Bryson joins Yahoo Finance to discuss the dynamics shaping the chip industry.

Bryson acknowledges that the rise of generative AI has been a significant driving force behind the recent success of chip stocks. While he believes that AI is shifting “the way technology works,” he notes it will take time. Due to this, Bryson highlights that “significant investment” will continue to occur in the chip market, fueled by the growth of generative AI applications.

However, Bryson cautions that as interest rates remain elevated, it could “weigh on consumer spending.” Nevertheless, he expresses confidence that the AI revolution “changing the landscape for tech” will likely insulate the sector from the effect of high interest rates, as investors are unwilling to miss out on the “next technology” breakthrough.

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For more expert insight and the latest market action, click here to watch this full episode of Yahoo Finance.

This post was written by Angel Smith

Video Transcript

BRAD SMITH: As rate cut bets shift, so have moves in one sector, in particular. Shares of AMD and Intel, both down over 15% in the last 30 days. The Philadelphia Semiconductor Index, also known as Sox, dropping over 10% from recent highs, despite a higher rate environment.

Our next guest is still bullish on the sector. Matt Bryson, Wedbush Enterprise Hardware analyst, joins us now. Matt, thanks so much for taking the time here. Walk us through your thesis here, especially, given some of the pullback that we’ve seen recently.

MATT BRYSON: So I think what we’ve seen over the last year or so is that the growth of generative AI has fueled the chip stocks. And the expectation that AI is going to shift everything in the way that technology works.

And I think that at the end of the day, that that thesis will prove out. I think the question is really timing. But the investments that we’ve seen that have lifted NVIDIA, that have lifted AMD, that have lifted the chip stock and sector, in general, the large cloud service providers, building out data centers. I don’t think anything has changed there in the near term.

So when I speak to OEMs, who are making AI servers, when I speak to cloud service providers, there is still significant investment going on in that space. That investment is slated to continue certainly into 2025. And I think, as long as there is this substantial investment, that we will see chip names report strong numbers and guide for strong growth.

SEANA SMITH: Matt, when it comes to the fact that we are in this macroeconomic environment right now, likelihood that rates will be higher for longer here, at least, when you take a look at the expectations, especially following some of the commentary that we got from Fed officials this week, what does that signal more broadly for the AI trade, meaning, is there a reason to be a bit more cautious in this higher for longer rate environment, at least, in the near term?

MATT BRYSON: Yeah. I think certainly from a market perspective, high interest rates weight on the market. Eventually, they weigh on consumer spending. Certainly, for a lot of the chip names, they’re high multiple stocks.

When you think about where there can be more of a reaction or a negative reaction to high interest rates, certainly, it has some impact on those names. But in terms of, again, AI changing the fundamental landscape for tech, I don’t think that high interest rates or low interest rates will change that.

So when you think about Microsoft, Amazon, all of those large data center operators looking at AI, potentially, changing the landscape forever and wanting to make a bet on AI to make sure that they don’t miss that change, I don’t think whether interest rates are low or high are going to really affect their investment.

I think they’re going to go ahead and invest because no one wants to be the guy that missed the next technology wave.

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If pension funds can't see the case for investing in Canada, why should you? – The Globe and Mail

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It’s time to ask a rude question: Is Canada still worth investing in?

Before you rush to deliver an appropriately patriotic response, think about the issue for a moment.

A good place to begin is with the federal government’s announcement this week that it is forming a task force under former Bank of Canada governor Stephen Poloz. The task force’s job will be to find ways to encourage Canadian pension funds to invest more of their assets in Canada.

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Wooing pension funds has become a high-priority matter for Ottawa because, at the moment, these big institutional investors don’t invest all that much in Canada. The Canada Pension Plan Investment Board, for instance, had a mere 14 per cent of its massive $570-billion portfolio in Canadian assets at the end of its last fiscal year.

Other major Canadian pension plans have similar allocations, especially if you look beyond their holdings of government bonds and consider only their investments in stocks, infrastructure and real assets. When it comes to such risky assets, these big, sophisticated players often see more potential for good returns outside of Canada than at home.

This leads to a simple question: If the CPPIB and other sophisticated investors aren’t overwhelmed by Canada’s investment appeal, why should you and I be?

It’s not as if Canadian stocks have a record of outstanding success. Over the past decade, they have lagged far behind the juicy returns of the U.S.-based S&P 500.

To be fair, other countries have also fallen short of Wall Street’s glorious run. Still, Canadian stocks have only a middling record over the past 10 years even when measured against other non-U.S. peers. They have trailed French and Japanese stocks and achieved much the same results as their Australian counterparts. There is no obvious Canadian edge.

There are also no obvious reasons to think this middle-of-the-pack record will suddenly improve.

A generation of mismanagement by both major Canadian political parties has spawned a housing crisis and kneecapped productivity growth. It has driven household debt burdens to scary levels.

Policy makers appear unwilling to take bold action on many long-standing problems. Interprovincial trade barriers remain scandalously high, supply-managed agriculture continues to coddle inefficient small producers, and tax policy still pushes people to invest in homes rather than in productive enterprises.

From an investor’s perspective, the situation is not that appetizing. A handful of big banks, a cluster of energy producers and a pair of railways dominate Canada’s stock market. They are solid businesses, yes, but they are also mature industries, with less than thrilling growth prospects.

What is largely missing from the Canadian stock scene are big companies with the potential to expand and innovate around the globe. Shopify Inc. SHOP-T and Brookfield Corp. BN-T qualify. After that, the pickings get scarce, especially in areas such as health care, technology and retailing.

So why hold Canadian stocks at all? Four rationales come to mind:

  • Canadian stocks have lower political risk than U.S. stocks, especially in the run-up to this year’s U.S. presidential election. They also are far away from the front lines of any potential European or Asian conflict.
  • They are cheaper than U.S. stocks on many metrics, including price-to-earnings ratios, price-to-book ratios and dividend yields. Scored in terms of these standard market metrics, they are valued more or less in line with European and Japanese stocks, according to Citigroup calculations.
  • Canadian dividends carry some tax advantages and holding reliable Canadian dividend payers means you don’t have to worry about exchange-rate fluctuations.
  • Despite what you may think, Canada’s fiscal situation actually looks relatively benign. Many countries have seen an explosion of debt since the pandemic hit, but our projected deficits are nowhere near as worrisome as those in the United States, China, Italy or Britain, according to International Monetary Fund figures.

How compelling you find these rationales will depend upon your personal circumstances. Based strictly on the numbers, Canadian stocks look like ho-hum investments – they’re reasonable enough places to put your money, but they fail to stand out compared with what is available globally.

Canadians, though, have always displayed a striking fondness for homebrew. Canadian stocks make up only a smidgen of the global market – about 3 per cent, to be precise – but Canadians typically pour more than half of their total stock market investments into Canadian stocks, according to the International Monetary Fund. This home market bias is hard to justify on any rational basis.

What is more reasonable? Vanguard Canada crunched the historical data in a report last year and concluded that Canadian investors could achieve the best balance between risk and reward by devoting only about 30 per cent of their equity holdings to Canadian stocks.

This seems to be more or less in line with what many Canadian pension funds currently do. They have about half their portfolio in equities, so devoting 30 per cent of that half to domestic stocks works out to holding about 15 per cent of their total portfolio in Canadian equities.

That modest allocation to Canadian stocks is a useful model for Canadian investors of all sizes. And if Ottawa doesn’t like it? Perhaps it could do more to make Canada an attractive investment destination.

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