Moderna And Pfizer Vaccines Prevent Infection As Well As Disease: Key Questions Remain - Forbes | Canada News Media
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Moderna And Pfizer Vaccines Prevent Infection As Well As Disease: Key Questions Remain – Forbes

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Ever since the US vaccine rollout officially commenced in December, a question that has been top of mind is whether the messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines created by Moderna and Pfizer/BioNTech would perform as well under real-world conditions as they did in the laboratory. Though the clinical trials of mRNA vaccines proved they were largely effective at preventing disease, their ability to prevent infection remained unknown.

Thanks to a study published yesterday by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, we now have our answer. According to the study, which was conducted on nearly 4,000 healthcare workers, first responders, and other essential workers at the frontlines in eight locations across the country, the mRNA vaccines are 90 percent effective at preventing infection. That means in addition to stopping the development of Covid-19 symptoms, they can stop the disease from spreading from one person to another, too.

In December 2020, the study’s participants, who lived everywhere from Phoenix, Arizona to Portland, Oregon, began receiving doses of the Moderna or Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines. Almost three quarters had at least one dose by March 2021. To cast a wide net that could catch both symptomatic and asymptomatic infections, researchers required their subjects to test themselves for Covid-19 week in and week out using standard nasal swabs.

In the group of unvaccinated workers, 161 ended up developing infections. By contrast, in the group of vaccinated workers, only 16 who received one dose caught the virus before they could get their second, while just three received both but caught it in the two-week period following the second dose. It was those three infections that brought the efficacy of the full two-dose regimen of the mRNA vaccines down to 90 percent. The mRNA vaccines aren’t foolproof, in other words, but given the circumstances they’re performing remarkably well.

The results of this study, of course, are only preliminary, with investigations of greater depth and breadth to come. And though we hope the Covid-19 vaccines that use other platforms, like the adenovirus vaccines created by Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca, prove to be just as successful, they fall outside the bounds of this particular report.

That said, two issues worth noting remain for all vaccines that the mRNA vaccine study didn’t address but forthcoming research might. The first is how long protection from disease and infection lasts. One recently published preprint study used a predictive model to answer this question in theory, calculating the duration of vaccine-mediated antibody responses—their indicator of immune protection of choice—based on already available data. Their best guess is that duration of protection correlates with a vaccine’s initial efficacy, but without real-world data we can’t be sure.

The second issue is whether the protection will hold up against new variants of SARS-CoV-2. While the report never explicitly states that the participants contracted the original strain, if the question of viral variation wasn’t broached we can only assume it wasn’t relevant at the time. Various laboratory studies have found that the antibody-rich plasma of people who receive the mRNA vaccines loses its potency when pitted against new variants of the virus, particularly B.1.351 and P.1, which contain mutations now associated with a greater potential for immune escape.

Overall, the news that the mRNA vaccines prevent infection in addition to disease is excellent. What it isn’t is a reason to let down our guard. As vaccine developers collect more data on how their products operate in real-world contexts, they must continue to release it in a timely fashion. They must also address the key questions that people who are pinning so many hopes on their vaccines continue to have. Important though it may be to celebrate every milestone, so long as this disease continues to spread among us and take lives, we must tackle every unresolved mystery with great haste and rigor. Nobody wants to be left in the dark—least of all when the light at the end of the tunnel seems increasingly near.

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How many Nova Scotians are on the doctor wait-list? Number hit 160,000 in June

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HALIFAX – The Nova Scotia government says it could be months before it reveals how many people are on the wait-list for a family doctor.

The head of the province’s health authority told reporters Wednesday that the government won’t release updated data until the 160,000 people who were on the wait-list in June are contacted to verify whether they still need primary care.

Karen Oldfield said Nova Scotia Health is working on validating the primary care wait-list data before posting new numbers, and that work may take a matter of months. The most recent public wait-list figures are from June 1, when 160,234 people, or about 16 per cent of the population, were on it.

“It’s going to take time to make 160,000 calls,” Oldfield said. “We are not talking weeks, we are talking months.”

The interim CEO and president of Nova Scotia Health said people on the list are being asked where they live, whether they still need a family doctor, and to give an update on their health.

A spokesperson with the province’s Health Department says the government and its health authority are “working hard” to turn the wait-list registry into a useful tool, adding that the data will be shared once it is validated.

Nova Scotia’s NDP are calling on Premier Tim Houston to immediately release statistics on how many people are looking for a family doctor. On Tuesday, the NDP introduced a bill that would require the health minister to make the number public every month.

“It is unacceptable for the list to be more than three months out of date,” NDP Leader Claudia Chender said Tuesday.

Chender said releasing this data regularly is vital so Nova Scotians can track the government’s progress on its main 2021 campaign promise: fixing health care.

The number of people in need of a family doctor has more than doubled between the 2021 summer election campaign and June 2024. Since September 2021 about 300 doctors have been added to the provincial health system, the Health Department said.

“We’ll know if Tim Houston is keeping his 2021 election promise to fix health care when Nova Scotians are attached to primary care,” Chender said.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 11, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Newfoundland and Labrador monitoring rise in whooping cough cases: medical officer

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ST. JOHN’S, N.L. – Newfoundland and Labrador‘s chief medical officer is monitoring the rise of whooping cough infections across the province as cases of the highly contagious disease continue to grow across Canada.

Dr. Janice Fitzgerald says that so far this year, the province has recorded 230 confirmed cases of the vaccine-preventable respiratory tract infection, also known as pertussis.

Late last month, Quebec reported more than 11,000 cases during the same time period, while Ontario counted 470 cases, well above the five-year average of 98. In Quebec, the majority of patients are between the ages of 10 and 14.

Meanwhile, New Brunswick has declared a whooping cough outbreak across the province. A total of 141 cases were reported by last month, exceeding the five-year average of 34.

The disease can lead to severe complications among vulnerable populations including infants, who are at the highest risk of suffering from complications like pneumonia and seizures. Symptoms may start with a runny nose, mild fever and cough, then progress to severe coughing accompanied by a distinctive “whooping” sound during inhalation.

“The public, especially pregnant people and those in close contact with infants, are encouraged to be aware of symptoms related to pertussis and to ensure vaccinations are up to date,” Newfoundland and Labrador’s Health Department said in a statement.

Whooping cough can be treated with antibiotics, but vaccination is the most effective way to control the spread of the disease. As a result, the province has expanded immunization efforts this school year. While booster doses are already offered in Grade 9, the vaccine is now being offered to Grade 8 students as well.

Public health officials say whooping cough is a cyclical disease that increases every two to five or six years.

Meanwhile, New Brunswick’s acting chief medical officer of health expects the current case count to get worse before tapering off.

A rise in whooping cough cases has also been reported in the United States and elsewhere. The Pan American Health Organization issued an alert in July encouraging countries to ramp up their surveillance and vaccination coverage.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Bizarre Sunlight Loophole Melts Belly Fat Fast!

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