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No one's talking about winter yet. When it comes to COVID-19, here's why we should – CBC.ca

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You might be reading this while sitting on your front porch or lounging at the beach. Perhaps you’re on a park bench or taking a pit stop on a summer road trip.

Wherever you are in Canada, chances are you don’t have sub-zero temperatures on your mind just yet. But amid the COVID-19 pandemic, winter could bring a whole host of new challenges — and experts say now is the time to prepare.

“No one’s talking about winter,” said Laura Rosella, an associate professor of epidemiology at the University of Toronto’s Dalla Lana School of Public Health.

“I think, frankly, everyone’s just overwhelmed with the next big change, which is back to school, and we almost can’t think that far — but it’s probably what we should be doing.”

For months, we’ve been told to stay apart to stop the spread, but chilly temperatures will force people to cram indoors. We’ve been able to run for fun and bike to work, but snow-covered streets will bring workouts into gyms and more commuters onto transit networks. 

Classrooms will fill up, more restaurants and offices will open, all while patios and parks empty out. Layer in the regular cold and flu season and the mental health impacts of darker days and isolation, and it’s easy to picture the Great White North being a great big mess.

Summer, in comparison, is easy.

“It’s actually really nice that people are able to socialize and see family and see their friends outside in a safe way,” Rosella said.

More Canadians could be crowding onto public transit or carpooling during the winter months to get to work and school. (Evan Mitsui/CBC)

“So I think it’s going to be very hard when people are going to have to make the decision about maybe not entering those social situations, because it is much higher risk in an indoor environment.”

Dr. Andrew Morris, an infectious disease specialist with the Sinai Health System and University Health Network in Toronto, said the winter months also mean added risks going to and from work and school — whether that’s people forced to carpool together, take a school bus or crowd onto transit.

“I anticipate that we will start to see transmissions occurring not as much necessarily in the workplace but going to and from the workplace,” he said.

So how can Canadians mitigate the risks when the temperature starts dropping, forcing people increasingly inside?

Housing, filtration both key, experts say

Experts say solutions need to come from all levels — policy-makers, business owners and individuals — and should tackle both the essential trips people need to make and the inevitable social gatherings Canadians crave.

There’s definitely cause for concern when it comes to the design of buildings where people will be spending more of their time, said Linsey Marr, an expert in the transmission of viruses by aerosol at Virginia Tech, in Blacksburg, Va.

That’s because it’s harder to open windows for better airflow in many offices and schools once temperatures drop and heating systems are turned on.

“And I think to prepare, the filtration will be important,” she said.

Winter weather can make getting around more difficult, sending more people indoors, like this January 2020 snowfall in Vancouver. (Ben Nelms/CBC)

Dr. Andrew Boozary, an assistant professor at U of T’s Dalla Lana School of Public Health, said political leaders also need to ensure that people struggling to physically distance from others at home or work have proper supports — whether that’s offering housing to those crowded into shelters or ensuring essential workers have paid sick leave to take time off when needed.

Hotel rooms for people to recover from COVID-19, for instance, can be helpful for those who can’t isolate at home or in the shelter system, but Boozary said that’s merely a stopgap.

“All levels of government are going to need a generational response on housing,” he said. 

Socialize outdoors ‘as much as possible’

There’s also growing concern over the recreational aspect of winter life and the hurdles Canadians face socializing when temperatures drop.

“We need to be changing all aspects of our life, and we need to get back to really encouraging more outdoor life and outdoor recreation,” Morris said.

Both business owners and policy-makers should be looking at winter gathering options, creating event spaces that maintain air flow while offering a bit of shelter and outdoor heating, he said — “the kinds of things to encourage socialization outside as much as possible.”

WATCH | Epidemiologist focuses on managing risks for children returning to school:

Dr. Christopher Labos says there is little value in testing every child for the coronavirus before school starts and he speaks to concerns about keeping kids apart in the classroom. 5:43

Rosella stressed the need to create incentives for people to go outside, whether that’s building more outdoor skating rinks or creating snowshoeing paths, even in dense city environments. 

“These are the types of things that people that actually live in very cool climates all year round do all the time,” she said.

These strategies for keeping people safe inside and out are, of course, layered on top of the well-worn public health messaging that’s been in place for months: Wear a mask, stay apart from others and wash your hands regularly.

None of those recommendations have changed, and they’re perhaps even more crucial now that people are set to spend more time gathered indoors for work and play — and as the regular cold and flu season approaches.

Flu season means added ‘challenge’ ahead

During a news conference this month, Canada’s chief public health officer, Dr. Theresa Tam, stressed the months ahead will be a “period of challenge” given the combination of COVID-19 and influenza.

But some public health officials, Tam included, are optimistic that widespread, continued uptake of their advice might even ward off those seasonal illnesses.

‘We need to be changing all aspects of our life, and we need to get back to really encouraging more outdoor life and outdoor recreation,’ says Toronto infectious disease expert Dr. Andrew Morris. (Ben Nelms/CBC)

“From what we have seen in other countries, public health measures such as physical distancing can also be effective against the flu, but we’ll likely be able to see more evidence of this once the flu season is over in the southern hemisphere,” Dr. Vinita Dubey, Toronto’s associate medical officer of health, said in a statement.

Morris said facing this complex set of challenges requires coming to terms with one key fact: While the seasons may be changing, the virus behind COVID-19 isn’t going anywhere.

That means Canadians need to figure out new ways to handle the cold winter months and mitigate spread.

“We’re not getting back to normal any time soon,” he said.

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Sebastian Coe among 7 IOC members to enter race to succeed Thomas Bach as president

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GENEVA (AP) — Two former Olympic champions are in the race to be the next IOC president. So is a prince of a Middle East kingdom and the son of a former president. The global leaders of cycling, gymnastics and skiing also are in play.

The International Olympic Committee published a list Monday of seven would-be candidates who are set to run for election in March to succeed outgoing president Thomas Bach for the next eight years.

Just one woman, IOC executive board member Kirsty Coventry from Zimbabwe, entered the contest to lead an organization that has had only male presidents in its 130-year history. Eight of those presidents were from Europe and one from the United States.

Coventry and Sebastian Coe are two-time gold medalists in swimming and running, respectively. Prince Feisal al Hussein of Jordan is also on the IOC board.

Juan Antonio Samaranch Jr. of Spain is one of the four IOC vice presidents, whose father was president for 21 years until 2001.

David Lappartient is the president of cycling’s governing body, Morinari Watanabe leads gymnastics, and Johan Eliasch is president of the International Ski and Snowboard Federation. Coe is the president of track’s World Athletics.

All seven met a deadline of Sunday to send a letter of intent to Bach, who must leave the post next year after reaching the maximum 12 years in office. Bach declined at the Paris Olympics last month to seek to change IOC rules in order to stay in office longer.

A formal candidate list should be confirmed in January, three months before the March 18-21 election meeting in Greece, near the site of Ancient Olympia.

Only IOC members are eligible to stand as candidates, with votes cast by the rest of the 111-strong membership of the Olympic body.

The IOC is one of the most exclusive clubs in world sports. Its members are drawn from European and Middle East royalty, leaders of international sports bodies, former and current Olympic athletes, politicians and diplomats plus industrialists, including some billionaires like Eliasch.

It makes for one of the most discreet and quirky election campaigns in world sports, with members prevented from publicly endorsing their pick.

Campaign limits on the candidates include a block on publishing videos, organizing public meetings and taking part in public debates. The IOC will organize a closed-door meeting for candidates to address voters in January in its home city Lausanne, Switzerland.

The IOC top job ideally calls for deep knowledge of managing sports, understanding athletes’ needs and nimble skills in global politics.

The president oversees an organization that earns billions of dollars in revenue from broadcasting and sponsor deals for the Olympic Games and employs hundreds of staff in Lausanne, Switzerland.

Coe has been widely considered the most qualified candidate. A two-time Olympic champion in the 1,500-meters, he was later an elected lawmaker in Britain in the 1990s, led the 2012 London Olympics organizing committee and has presided at World Athletics for nine years.

However, he has potential legal hurdles regarding his ability to serve a full eight-year mandate. The IOC has an age limit of 70 for members, while Coe will be 68 on election day. The rules allow for a special exemption to remain for four more years, but that would mean a six-year presidency unless those limits are changed.

Coventry, who turned 41 Monday, also has government experience as the appointed sports minister in Zimbabwe.

The only woman ever to stand as an IOC presidential candidate was Anita DeFrantz, a former Olympic rower from the United States. She was eliminated in the first round of voting in a five-candidate election in 2001, which was won by Jacques Rogge.

Lappartient also is president of France’s national Olympic body and has carried strong momentum from the Paris Summer Games. He leads a French Alps project that was picked to host the 2030 Winter Games and was picked by Bach to oversee a long-term project sealed in Paris that will see Saudi Arabia hosting the Esports Olympic Games through 2035.

Eliasch is perhaps the most surprising candidate after being elected as an IOC member in Paris less than two months ago. The Swedish-British owner of the Head sportswear brand got 17 “no” votes, a notably high number in Olympic politics.

___

AP Olympics:

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.



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Ontario considers further expanding pharmacists’ scope to include more minor ailments

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TORONTO – Ontario is proposing to further expand pharmacists’ scope of practice by adding to the list of minor ailments they can assess, allowing them to administer more vaccines and order some lab tests.

But while pharmacists see the proposal as an overdue solution to easing the burden on other aspects of the health-care system by leaning more on their professional expertise, doctors are raising concerns.

The government in early 2023 granted pharmacists the ability to assess and treat 13 minor ailments, including pink eye, hemorrhoids and urinary tract infections. In the fall of that year six more were added to the list, including acne, canker sores and yeast infections.

Now, the government is proposing to expand the list to include sore throat, calluses and corns, mild headaches, shingles, minor sleep disorders, fungal nail infections, swimmers’ ear, head lice, nasal congestion, dandruff, ringworm, jock itch, warts and dry eye.

As well, the Ministry of Health is looking for feedback on what lab tests and point-of-care tests might be required for pharmacists to order and perform as part of assessing and treating those conditions.

The government is also considering funding pharmacists to administer tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis, pneumococcal, shingles and RSV vaccines for adults, in addition to COVID-19 and flu vaccines. The province is proposing to allow pharmacy technicians to administer the same vaccines as pharmacists.

“Our government is focused on improving access to care in communities across the province and we have seen the success of our minor ailment program, connecting over 1 million people to treatment for minor ailments,” Hannah Jensen, a spokesperson for Health Minister Sylvia Jones, wrote in a statement.

Justin Bates, CEO of the Ontario Pharmacists Association, said the minor ailments program has been going well so far, and further expanding pharmacists’ scope can help avoid visits to family doctors and emergency rooms.

“We want to build health-care capacity through looking at pharmacies as a health-care hub and the pharmacists’ trusted relationship with their patients and to leverage that, because they are underutilized when it comes to what scope they can do,” he said.

But doctors are pushing back on the scope expansions.

“The bottom line here is that pharmacists are not doctors,” said Dr. Dominik Nowak, president of the Ontario Medical Association. “Doctors are trained for years and thousands of hours to diagnose and treat conditions.”

Nowak said that sometimes the symptoms that would seem to suggest one of those minor ailments are really a sign of a more serious condition, and it takes a doctor to recognize that.

“When I look at a lot of the minor ailments list, I think to myself, there’s nothing minor about many of these,” Nowak said.

“Many of these ailments rely on the patient … one, knowing the diagnosis themselves, so the patient’s own opinion. And last I heard, most of my patients haven’t been to medical school. And then two: it also relies on the patient’s own opinion about whether this is something minor or something serious.”

Bates said he has been “disappointed” at some of the messaging from doctors, and added that any notion that there is an increased risk to patient safety is “misinformation.”

“I want to support OMA and primary care, and I do – in hiring more doctors, solving some of their issues – but it shouldn’t come at the expense of other health professions gaining their … appropriate scope of practice,” he said.

“So it’s not a zero sum game here. We want to have physicians be comfortable with this, but … the way that some of these doctors are responding, it’s almost like hysteria.”

The government’s proposal on its regulatory registry is open for comment until Oct. 20.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 16, 2024.



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B.C. municipal leaders gather to talk infrastructure, addiction, emergency management

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VANCOUVER – The president of the Union of B.C. Municipalities says communities have billions of dollars worth of infrastructure that will need replacing in the next decade and the province needs to step in with new funding to help.

Trish Mandewo says a call for $650 million in additional infrastructure money each year is one of a series of requests the organization is making to provincial leaders days before B.C.’s provincial election will be called.

They’re also asking for a percentage of the provincial property transfer tax to support housing projects, and a share of the growth in the carbon tax to help pay for responding to extreme weather.

Local politicians are gathering for their annual convention in Vancouver this week and are expected to cover a range of topics including housing, the toxic drug crisis, growing financial pressures, and a host of other issues.

Mandewo, who is on Coquitlam City Council, says the municipalities are looking for a new, flexible revenue stream to help fund an estimated $24 billion in infrastructure replacement that’s expected to be needed in the next 10 years.

She says without the additional money, municipalities won’t be able to build “complete communities” without raising taxes.

“So it’s the individual taxpayers that are going to be paying for that, because local governments have no other way of raising funding,” she said.

Mandewo says municipalities are facing rising costs due to extreme weather events like fires, floods, droughts and heat domes and the scale of what’s required for mitigation and adaptation exceeds their tax base.

“We are asking for a new dedicated revenue source so that we can support emergency planning and risk assessments, which have been asked of us,” she said.

Municipal leaders are going to spend the week discussing more than 200 pages worth of resolutions at the conference. Mandewo says issues surrounding addiction and toxic drugs are front and centre in members’ minds.

Resolutions include calls for more overdose prevention sites, more complex care beds for people struggling with addiction, and more money directed at community safety.

“Local governments have been trying to deal with it as much as we can, because we are the ones that are closest to the communities,” she said.

“That issue is not selective, whether you’re a small community or a large community.”

Premier David Eby is scheduled to address the conference Thursday. B.C. Conservative Leader John Rustad and Green Leader Sonia Furstenau will speak Friday.

A series of “cabinet town halls” are also scheduled where municipal leaders will get a chance to question cabinet ministers on housing, public service and emergency preparedness.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 16, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.



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