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Economy

The only path to economic prosperity is through recession and pain

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Traders work on the floor at the closing bell of the Dow Industrial Average at the New York Stock Exchange on Jan. 10, 2019 in New York.BRYAN R. SMITH/AFP/Getty Images

David Morrison is president and chief executive of Eight Capital, an independent Canadian investment bank.

When you’ve lived as many cycles as we have in institutional markets, you just see things differently. We look for patterns, so anomalies stand out. We are constantly examining the interconnectivity of markets and supply chains to predict what will happen when dominoes begin to fall.

That’s why when we started seeing the precursors of a 1990s-style recession nearly 18 months ago, even as the market remained one-way, we began to pivot accordingly. And it’s why we now believe the timing is right for things to get a lot worse for the real economy as opposed to the stock market, which is already at or near its bottom.

The coming recession will be trickier and deeper than most people have anticipated. But just as we pivoted against trends before, we are preparing for the tremendous opportunities that await Canada on the other side.

Being a contrarian in the market is unpopular. Pivoting against the trend takes tremendous discipline, but it earned us first-mover advantage on cannabis when Eight Capital had just been formed in 2016. We initiated a background pivot toward energy and mining more than a year ago, and it was unpopular at the time.

In this current geopolitical climate, it’s easy for observers to think our firm just benefitted from dramatic energy destabilization in Europe and increased demand for critical minerals and resources from allied democratic nations such as Canada. But the truth is, we did it anticipating a recession like the one in the 1990s, one that central banks will quickly reverse once the economy actually hits the ground, giving commodities their moment.

We remembered the restructuring of airlines in the early 2000s, and home builders post-2008. Oil and gas companies had a similar moment in 2020, causing them to change their approach to shareholder returns. That should mean more measured growth and better values. In a 90s-style recession, we could see higher lows and higher highs when economies recover. This could be followed by a market and economy that are more broad, differentiated and robust.

On the other side of such a recession, Canada is positioned to massively benefit from foreign direct investment as countries reposition their supply chains, especially in natural resources and sectors that require a high level of political security and trust, such as biosciences and tech. Governments should be preparing for those investments. Cut the red tape, streamline regulations and then get out of the way.

But our economy will only see these benefits from the recession if the downturn is enough to slow spending. Interest rates don’t affect economies for at least six months so predicting accurately and striking the right balance is incredibly difficult.

And getting there can be a slow trod if corporate leaders keep dragging their feet. We’ve seen a few high-profile corporate warnings of recession preparedness, but they haven’t been nearly urgent enough. In part, that’s because the labour market has been so tight. Companies are resisting necessary layoffs fearing they won’t be able to find talent later. We have seen this all before.

Canadian unemployment is still near the lowest it has been since recordkeeping began. It’s deeply unpopular to say it, but unemployment needs to tick up to bring inflation down. Striking the right employment balance would be difficult in normal times, but after two years of unprecedented government spending completely distorting economic expectations, it will be an even bigger challenge.

Added to this, Canada is grappling with an aging and retiring boomer population, creating even more vacancies, and applying more pressure on the health system, pushing labour-force dynamics into health care. This Gordian knot will contribute to making the real economy worse before it can get better.

There are two roads ahead. A short but deep recession that requires a short-term spike in unemployment like the 1990s, or a long but shallow recession like the 1970s, when the U.S. Fed gave into political pressures and failed to follow through on interest rates to slay the inflation dragon. The first path requires politicians to risk being unpopular and have the intestinal fortitude to stay out of the way.

We are into the part of the cycle where the real economy will begin to experience the pain. Seizing opportunities will maximize recovery. But the only way out is to get through the pain of this recession first. And it will, indeed, hurt.

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Economy

B.C.’s debt and deficit forecast to rise as the provincial election nears

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VICTORIA – British Columbia is forecasting a record budget deficit and a rising debt of almost $129 billion less than two weeks before the start of a provincial election campaign where economic stability and future progress are expected to be major issues.

Finance Minister Katrine Conroy, who has announced her retirement and will not seek re-election in the Oct. 19 vote, said Tuesday her final budget update as minister predicts a deficit of $8.9 billion, up $1.1 billion from a forecast she made earlier this year.

Conroy said she acknowledges “challenges” facing B.C., including three consecutive deficit budgets, but expected improved economic growth where the province will start to “turn a corner.”

The $8.9 billion deficit forecast for 2024-2025 is followed by annual deficit projections of $6.7 billion and $6.1 billion in 2026-2027, Conroy said at a news conference outlining the government’s first quarterly financial update.

Conroy said lower corporate income tax and natural resource revenues and the increased cost of fighting wildfires have had some of the largest impacts on the budget.

“I want to acknowledge the economic uncertainties,” she said. “While global inflation is showing signs of easing and we’ve seen cuts to the Bank of Canada interest rates, we know that the challenges are not over.”

Conroy said wildfire response costs are expected to total $886 million this year, more than $650 million higher than originally forecast.

Corporate income tax revenue is forecast to be $638 million lower as a result of federal government updates and natural resource revenues are down $299 million due to lower prices for natural gas, lumber and electricity, she said.

Debt-servicing costs are also forecast to be $344 million higher due to the larger debt balance, the current interest rate and accelerated borrowing to ensure services and capital projects are maintained through the province’s election period, said Conroy.

B.C.’s economic growth is expected to strengthen over the next three years, but the timing of a return to a balanced budget will fall to another minister, said Conroy, who was addressing what likely would be her last news conference as Minister of Finance.

The election is expected to be called on Sept. 21, with the vote set for Oct. 19.

“While we are a strong province, people are facing challenges,” she said. “We have never shied away from taking those challenges head on, because we want to keep British Columbians secure and help them build good lives now and for the long term. With the investments we’re making and the actions we’re taking to support people and build a stronger economy, we’ve started to turn a corner.”

Premier David Eby said before the fiscal forecast was released Tuesday that the New Democrat government remains committed to providing services and supports for people in British Columbia and cuts are not on his agenda.

Eby said people have been hurt by high interest costs and the province is facing budget pressures connected to low resource prices, high wildfire costs and struggling global economies.

The premier said that now is not the time to reduce supports and services for people.

Last month’s year-end report for the 2023-2024 budget saw the province post a budget deficit of $5.035 billion, down from the previous forecast of $5.9 billion.

Eby said he expects government financial priorities to become a major issue during the upcoming election, with the NDP pledging to continue to fund services and the B.C. Conservatives looking to make cuts.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

Note to readers: This is a corrected story. A previous version said the debt would be going up to more than $129 billion. In fact, it will be almost $129 billion.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Economy

Mark Carney mum on carbon-tax advice, future in politics at Liberal retreat

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NANAIMO, B.C. – Former Bank of Canada governor Mark Carney says he’ll be advising the Liberal party to flip some the challenges posed by an increasingly divided and dangerous world into an economic opportunity for Canada.

But he won’t say what his specific advice will be on economic issues that are politically divisive in Canada, like the carbon tax.

He presented his vision for the Liberals’ economic policy at the party’s caucus retreat in Nanaimo, B.C. today, after he agreed to help the party prepare for the next election as chair of a Liberal task force on economic growth.

Carney has been touted as a possible leadership contender to replace Justin Trudeau, who has said he has tried to coax Carney into politics for years.

Carney says if the prime minister asks him to do something he will do it to the best of his ability, but won’t elaborate on whether the new adviser role could lead to him adding his name to a ballot in the next election.

Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland says she has been taking advice from Carney for years, and that his new position won’t infringe on her role.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Economy

Nova Scotia bill would kick-start offshore wind industry without approval from Ottawa

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HALIFAX – The Nova Scotia government has introduced a bill that would kick-start the province’s offshore wind industry without federal approval.

Natural Resources Minister Tory Rushton says amendments within a new omnibus bill introduced today will help ensure Nova Scotia meets its goal of launching a first call for offshore wind bids next year.

The province wants to offer project licences by 2030 to develop a total of five gigawatts of power from offshore wind.

Rushton says normally the province would wait for the federal government to adopt legislation establishing a wind industry off Canada’s East Coast, but that process has been “progressing slowly.”

Federal legislation that would enable the development of offshore wind farms in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland and Labrador has passed through the first and second reading in the Senate, and is currently under consideration in committee.

Rushton says the Nova Scotia bill mirrors the federal legislation and would prevent the province’s offshore wind industry from being held up in Ottawa.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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