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Economy

Ottawa’s lack of economic clarity drives a growing sense of frustration among investors

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Office towers, condos and apartment buildings in Vancouver on Jan. 19.DARRYL DYCK

Canadian investors have every reason to be frustrated. Now, more than usual, it’s difficult to know what to make of the outlook for the Canadian economy or for Canadian stocks.

On growth, on housing and on immigration, our elected officials offer up a torrent of slogans but not much in the way of clear logic or compelling rationales. This makes it difficult for investors to know what to expect over the next few years.

How could Ottawa improve the economic dialogue? One good way to start would be by replacing its obsession with gross domestic product (GDP), a broad measure of how much the economy produces in a year, with a new focus on GDP per capita.

The distinction between the two measures may seem trifling at first, but it is important. At a time like now, when Canada’s population is expanding at its fastest pace in decades, GDP by itself offers a flawed guide to how typical Canadian households are actually faring.

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The problem arises because a larger population automatically means more workers, more productive capacity and therefore higher potential GDP. However, it doesn’t necessarily mean Canadians are living any better unless the increase in output is big enough to outweigh the increase in population.

Focusing on GDP at a time like this is a bit like obsessing over how large a pizza you will be ordering without pausing to think how many people will be sharing it. To assess whether people are actually getting enough, it’s preferable to look at GDP per capita – how much economic pie each individual is enjoying on average.

Yet politicians rarely talk about GDP per capita. Their silence may reflect Canada’s less-than-stellar record on this front. Since 1980, Canada’s GDP-per-capita growth has lagged far behind several similar countries, according to data from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development.

While people can debate exactly how best to measure this trend, “it’s clear that GDP per capita growth in Canada has been sluggish,” says Mikal Skuterud, a professor of economics at the University of Waterloo, who recently tweeted a chart showing Canada’s woeful performance on this measure.

Sadly, the trend shows no signs of changing.

The Bank of Canada estimates that Canada’s economy will grow 1.4 per cent this year and 1.3 per cent in 2024. That sounds, at first, like slow but steady growth.

Adjusted for population growth, though, it veers into downright ugly territory. With Canada’s population expected to swell at a 1.3-per-cent annual clip, the bank is essentially predicting a no-growth economy in terms of GDP per capita for this year and next.

Yes, that is a disturbing development. Just don’t count on anyone in Ottawa pointing it out to you.

Policy makers are equally murky when it comes to more specific issues such as housing. Scour politicians’ speeches and you’ll find lots of chatter about promoting housing affordability. But in the absence of any hard, numerical commitment toward building more homes and reducing home prices, it’s hard to take any of the rhetoric seriously.

Investors (and voters) are left guessing about what will happen next. Does Ottawa truly want home prices to fall? Or is it more inclined to support existing home prices to ensure Canada’s current homeowners don’t lose any of that lovely housing wealth they’ve accumulated in recent years?

Politicians have always danced around this question, but the stresses are reaching crisis levels. Canada has historically averaged 0.61 housing starts for every additional working-age person, according to National Bank of Canada. (The number is below 1 because there is more than one person in a typical household.) Today, after a bumper quarter for population growth, we are down to just 0.27 – less than half the historical pace and the lowest number on record.

There are two major culprits behind this enormous shortage of housing starts. The first is bottlenecks to development at municipal and provincial levels. The other is the greatly expanded immigration quotas put in place by the federal Liberals. They have raised the target from around 260,000 newcomers in 2015 to nearly 500,000 people a year now.

Some observers think enough is enough on the immigration front. “Ottawa should consider revising its immigration targets to allow supply to catch up with demand,” says Stéfane Marion, chief economist at National Bank.

Others are more hopeful that housing bottlenecks can be eased and that a renewed focus on recruiting the best and brightest can turn immigration into a source of GDP per capita growth. But even optimists say they are confused by what Ottawa’s immigration policy is trying to accomplish. In a recent column, Prof. Skuterud criticized the government’s “less-than-transparent” approach to setting immigration targets.

The government’s lack of clarity on this and other issues is disturbing. Shouldn’t our dismal record on GDP per capita merit a stronger response? How do supersized immigration quotas fit with an overwhelmed housing market? Until Ottawa deigns to share its reasoning on such matters, frustration is only going to grow and not just among investors.

 

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Economy

Stumbling Toward a Deal — as the Economy Surges – AGF Perspectives

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Insights and Market Perspectives

CONGRESS IS STUMBLING TOWARD PASSAGE of legislation late this week that would provide enormous aid to Ukraine, Israel and Taiwan. It’s a VERY messy process — typically — that has obscured the major development for financial markets: red hot economic growth, far exceeding expectations.

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WE’LL GET TO THE CONGRESSIONAL BRAWL in a second, but first — dramatic economic growth is having a major impact on interest rates, with the Atlanta Fed GDP Now predicting economic growth at 2.8%, after yesterday’s blowout retail sales report.

EVEN CHINA, considered a basket case a few months ago, is blasting off — with Beijing reporting 5.3% first quarter economic growth.

WITH THE U.S. TEN YEAR BOND YIELD now above 4.5%, this has to be a shock for the Federal Reserve, which may be frozen for months to come — unable to cut rates as long as the economy is growing above trend with inflation not falling to the Fed’s 2% goal.

THERE SURELY WON’T BE ANY FISCAL RESTRAINT, as Congress moves awkwardly toward passage of a nearly $100 billion spending package for allies.

THIS IS A VERY FLUID fluid environment — even a Tik-Tok ban is included — with House Speaker Mike Johnson preparing four separate bills in a dizzying process that may require support from Democrats — which could cost Johnson his job.

BOTTOM LINE: This is sausage-making at its ultimate, as Democrats prepare to bail out Johnson, as angry right wingers demand provisions to protect the border, and as aid seems increasingly likely — surely for Israel, probably for Ukraine. It’s only Tuesday, there’s a long way to go; details won’t come into focus for a few more days.

IN THE MEANTIME, THE ECONOMY CONTINUES TO ROAR — it’s too strong, in our opinion, to be sustainable.

THESE DRAMATIC STORIES MAY HAVE TO TAKE A BACK SEAT as the gleeful media is obsessed with the Donald Trump trial. The buzz after the first day was whether Trump dozed off yesterday during the jury selection process, Our advice to Trump — get some espresso, the last thing you want is opponents calling you “sleepy Don.”

The views expressed in this blog are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the opinions of AGF, its subsidiaries or any of its affiliated companies, funds or investment strategies.

The views expressed in this blog are provided as a general source of information based on information available as of the date of publication and should not be considered as personal investment advice or an offer or solicitation to buy and/or sell securities. Speculation or stated believes about future events, such as market or economic conditions, company or security performance, or other projections represent the beliefs of the author and do not necessarily represent the view of AGF, its subsidiaries or any of its affiliated companies, funds or investment strategies. Every effort has been made to ensure accuracy in these commentaries at the time of publication; however, accuracy cannot be guaranteed. Market conditions may change and AGF accepts no responsibility for individual investment decisions arising from the use of or reliance on the information contained herein. Any financial projections are based on the opinions of the author and should not be considered as a forecast. The forward looking statements and opinions may be affected by changing economic circumstances and are subject to a number of uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in the forward looking statements. The information contained in this commentary is designed to provide you with general information related to the political and economic environment in the United States. It is not intended to be comprehensive investment advice applicable to the circumstances of the individual.

AGF Investments is a group of wholly owned subsidiaries of AGF Management Limited, a Canadian reporting issuer. The subsidiaries included in AGF Investments are AGF Investments Inc. (AGFI), AGF Investments America Inc. (AGFA), AGF Investments LLC (AGFUS) and AGF International Advisors Company Limited (AGFIA). AGFA and AGFUS are registered advisors in the U.S. AGFI is a registered as a portfolio manager across Canadian securities commissions. AGFIA is regulated by the Central Bank of Ireland and registered with the Australian Securities & Investments Commission. The subsidiaries that form AGF Investments manage a variety of mandates comprised of equity, fixed income and balanced assets.

About AGF Management Limited

Founded in 1957, AGF Management Limited (AGF) is an independent and globally diverse asset management firm. AGF brings a disciplined approach to delivering excellence in investment management through its fundamental, quantitative, alternative and high-net-worth businesses focused on providing an exceptional client experience. AGF’s suite of investment solutions extends globally to a wide range of clients, from financial advisors and individual investors to institutional investors including pension plans, corporate plans, sovereign wealth funds and endowments and foundations.

For further information, please visit AGF.com.

©2024 AGF Management Limited. All rights reserved.

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China’s economy beats expectations, growing 5.3 percent in first quarter – Al Jazeera English

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Statistics agency says economy has made ‘good start’ to the year under the leadership of Chinese President Xi Jinping.

China’s economy grew faster than expected in the first three months of the year, a boost for policymakers grappling with a property-sector crisis, weak consumer demand and mounting government debt.

Gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 5.3 percent in the first quarter, data released by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) showed on Tuesday, comfortably above forecasts and up from a 5.2 percent expansion in the previous quarter.

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By sector, industrial production and agriculture grew by 6.1 percent and 3.8 percent, respectively, while services grew by 5 percent, according to NBS data.

The NBS said in a statement that the economy had made a “good start” under “the strong leadership” of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and President Xi Jinping.

“As a result, the policies continued to take effect, production and demands maintained stable and witnessed an increase, employment and prices were generally stable, market confidence continued to boost, and high-quality development made new progress,” the statistics agency said.

The stronger-than-expected figures came days after China reported that exports and imports declined 7.5 percent and 1.9 percent, respectively, in March, missing expectations.

The world’s second-largest economy has struggled to sustain a recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic amid a range of longstanding structural challenges, including a hugely indebted real estate sector and a shrinking population.

Fitch Ratings earlier this month downgraded China’s sovereign credit outlook to negative, citing “increasing risks to China’s public finance outlook” as Beijing attempts to move away from real estate-led growth.

Beijing last month set a 5 percent growth target for 2024, a rate that would beat most developed economies but be among the country’s slowest expansions since 1990.

Officials have unveiled a number of fiscal and monetary policy measures to boost the economy, including $1.8 trillion in spending on major construction and infrastructure projects.

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China’s economy grew 5.3% in first quarter, beating expectations – CityNews Halifax

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HONG KONG (AP) — China’s economy expanded at a faster than expected pace in the first three months of the year, helped by policies aimed at stimulating growth and stronger demand, the government said Tuesday.

The world’s second-largest economy expanded at a 5.3% annual pace in January-March, beating analysts’ forecasts of about 4.8%, official data show. Compared to the previous quarter, the economy grew 1.6%.

China’s economy has struggled to bounce back from the COVID-19 pandemic, with a slowdown in demand and a property crisis weighing on its growth.

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The better-than-expected data Tuesday came days after China reported its exports sank 7.5% in March compared to the year before, while imports also weakened. Inflation cooled, reflecting deflationary pressures resulting from slack demand amid a crisis in the property sector.

Industrial output for the first quarter was up 6.1% compared to the same time last year, and retail sales grew at an annual pace of 4.7%. Fixed investment, in factories and equipment, grew 4.5% compared to the same period a year earlier.

The strong growth in January-March was supported by “broad manufacturing outperformance,” festivities-boosted household spending due to the Lunar New Year holidays and policies that helped boost investments, according to China economist Louise Loo of Oxford Economics.

“However, ‘standalone’ March activity indicators suggest weakness coming through post-Lunar New Year,” she said. “External demand conditions also remain unpredictable, as seen in March’s sharp export underperformance.”

Loo noted that an unwinding of excess inventory, normalization of household spending after the holidays and a cautious approach to government spending and other stimulus will affect growth in this quarter.

Policymakers have unveiled a raft of fiscal and monetary policy measures as Beijing seeks to boost the economy. China has set an ambitious gross domestic product (GDP) growth target of about 5% for 2024.

Such strong growth usually would push share prices across the region higher. But on Tuesday, Asian shares fell sharply after stocks retreated on Wall Street.

The Shanghai Composite index lost 1.4% and the Hang Seng in Hong Kong lost 1.9%. The benchmark for the smaller market in Shenzhen, in southern China, lost 2.8%.

Stronger growth in the region’s biggest economy normally would be seen as a positive for its neighbors, which increasingly rely on demand from China to power their own economies. However, strong growth figures are also viewed as a signal that the government will hold back on further stimulus.

Zen Soo, The Associated Press

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