Q&A: Alaska Airlines Flight 1282 passengers likely would have died if blowout occurred above 40,000 feet, says physicist | Canada News Media
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Q&A: Alaska Airlines Flight 1282 passengers likely would have died if blowout occurred above 40,000 feet, says physicist

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If the Alaska Airlines plane that lost a portion of its fuselage while ascending after takeoff Friday had been flying at normal cruising altitude, its passengers and crew would probably have died from the depressurization event, according to a Northeastern expert.

The Boeing 737 Max 9 was only minutes into its flight from Portland, Oregon, to Ontario International Airport in San Bernardino County, California, when an unused exit door blew open and detached from the aircraft at an altitude of 16,000 feet, exposing those on board to harrowing conditions that occur when cabin pressure is compromised.

Luckily, none of the or flight crew were seriously injured, but passengers described a scene of chaos: violent winds that ripped headrests off seats, even blowing open the cockpit door from the other end of the plane. Oxygen masks deployed during the chaos—a measure that can help guard against the that can arise during rapid depressurization, such as hypoxia and loss of consciousness.

“The best way I can describe it is like puncturing a CO2 canister and that vapor releasing out of the canister,” Evan Smith, a 72-year-old lawyer who was on board, told The New York Times. “But we were in that canister.”

Officials have recovered the door plug—the part of the plane that blew off—in a teacher’s backyard in Portland, Oregon. Officials are still investigating the cause of the incident.

The National Transportation Safety Board said the situation could have easily resulted in tragedy had there been passengers seated in the row where the door plug was. But the passengers on board won’t soon forget what it was like inside the plane while it was airborne, which was approximately a half-hour.

Northeastern Global News spoke to Arun Bansil, a distinguished professor of physics at Northeastern, to better understand the science behind keeping an aircraft’s cabin pressure stable and what elements the crew and passengers may have been exposed to during depressurization.

His comments have been edited for brevity and clarity.

How does an airplane remain pressurized during flight?

Just like a football is inflated by pumping air into it, airplanes are pressurized by pumping appropriately conditioned air into the cabin.

According to reports, the airplane was 16,000 feet above ground when a chunk of the plane (its door plug) blew off, causing a ‘depressurization’ emergency. Can you explain, from a physics standpoint, what that means?

The key physics here is that the atmospheric pressure decreases with increasing altitude. Therefore, the difference in pressure between the outside and inside of the cabin increases with increasing altitude because the pressure in the pressurized cabin is kept constant. If a chunk of the fuselage blows off, the higher-pressure air in the cabin gushes out—like when a filled balloon is punctured—resulting in a depressurization emergency.

When a plane becomes depressurized in this way, and at such altitude and velocity, what would the passengers and crew have experienced?

When the cabin depressurizes, the air pressure and, with it, the oxygen pressure in the cabin drops, which makes it harder for the lungs to supply adequate amounts of oxygen to the blood. This leads to dizziness and deterioration of cognitive abilities, and eventually to unconsciousness and death.

These effects, however, are not that severe for depressurization at 16,000 feet, as the time it would take the crew to lose their ability to function usefully if oxygen masks are not deployed would be around 30 minutes. In any event, an airplane can descend from 16,000 feet to the level of breathable air around 10,000 feet in about 30 seconds.

Many observers noted that, were the explosion to have occurred at a typical cruising altitude of between 33,000 and 40,000 feet, it could have been potentially deadly for those on board. Can you talk about how the difference in altitude might have been a saving grace?

The higher the altitude, the lower the outside air pressure. The outside is about three times smaller at 40,000 feet compared to 16,000 feet. As a result, the physiological effects of rapid depressurization at 40,000 feet are far more severe. Passengers and will lose their ability to function usefully in about 10 seconds at 40,000 feet if oxygen masks are not deployed, and death will follow soon thereafter.

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This story is republished courtesy of Northeastern Global News news.northeastern.edu.

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Q&A: Alaska Airlines Flight 1282 passengers likely would have died if blowout occurred above 40,000 feet, says physicist (2024, January 10)
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Roots sees room for expansion in activewear, reports $5.2M Q2 loss and sales drop

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TORONTO – Roots Corp. may have built its brand on all things comfy and cosy, but its CEO says activewear is now “really becoming a core part” of the brand.

The category, which at Roots spans leggings, tracksuits, sports bras and bike shorts, has seen such sustained double-digit growth that Meghan Roach plans to make it a key part of the business’ future.

“It’s an area … you will see us continue to expand upon,” she told analysts on a Friday call.

The Toronto-based retailer’s push into activewear has taken shape over many years and included several turns as the official designer and supplier of Team Canada’s Olympic uniform.

But consumers have had plenty of choice when it comes to workout gear and other apparel suited to their sporting needs. On top of the slew of athletic brands like Nike and Adidas, shoppers have also gravitated toward Lululemon Athletica Inc., Alo and Vuori, ramping up competition in the activewear category.

Roach feels Roots’ toehold in the category stems from the fit, feel and following its merchandise has cultivated.

“Our product really resonates with (shoppers) because you can wear it through multiple different use cases and occasions,” she said.

“We’ve been seeing customers come back again and again for some of these core products in our activewear collection.”

Her remarks came the same day as Roots revealed it lost $5.2 million in its latest quarter compared with a loss of $5.3 million in the same quarter last year.

The company said the second-quarter loss amounted to 13 cents per diluted share for the quarter ended Aug. 3, the same as a year earlier.

In presenting the results, Roach reminded analysts that the first half of the year is usually “seasonally small,” representing just 30 per cent of the company’s annual sales.

Sales for the second quarter totalled $47.7 million, down from $49.4 million in the same quarter last year.

The move lower came as direct-to-consumer sales amounted to $36.4 million, down from $37.1 million a year earlier, as comparable sales edged down 0.2 per cent.

The numbers reflect the fact that Roots continued to grapple with inventory challenges in the company’s Cooper fleece line that first cropped up in its previous quarter.

Roots recently began to use artificial intelligence to assist with daily inventory replenishments and said more tools helping with allocation will go live in the next quarter.

Beyond that time period, the company intends to keep exploring AI and renovate more of its stores.

It will also re-evaluate its design ranks.

Roots announced Friday that chief product officer Karuna Scheinfeld has stepped down.

Rather than fill the role, the company plans to hire senior level design talent with international experience in the outdoor and activewear sectors who will take on tasks previously done by the chief product officer.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 13, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:ROOT)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Talks on today over HandyDART strike affecting vulnerable people in Metro Vancouver

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VANCOUVER – Mediated talks between the union representing HandyDART workers in Metro Vancouver and its employer, Transdev, are set to resume today as a strike that has stopped most services drags into a second week.

No timeline has been set for the length of the negotiations, but Joe McCann, president of the Amalgamated Transit Union Local 1724, says they are willing to stay there as long as it takes, even if talks drag on all night.

About 600 employees of the door-to-door transit service for people unable to navigate the conventional transit system have been on strike since last Tuesday, pausing service for all but essential medical trips.

Hundreds of drivers rallied outside TransLink’s head office earlier this week, calling for the transportation provider to intervene in the dispute with Transdev, which was contracted to oversee HandyDART service.

Transdev said earlier this week that it will provide a reply to the union’s latest proposal on Thursday.

A statement from the company said it “strongly believes” that their employees deserve fair wages, and that a fair contract “must balance the needs of their employees, clients and taxpayers.”

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 12, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Transat AT reports $39.9M Q3 loss compared with $57.3M profit a year earlier

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MONTREAL – Travel company Transat AT Inc. reported a loss in its latest quarter compared with a profit a year earlier as its revenue edged lower.

The parent company of Air Transat says it lost $39.9 million or $1.03 per diluted share in its quarter ended July 31.

The result compared with a profit of $57.3 million or $1.49 per diluted share a year earlier.

Revenue in what was the company’s third quarter totalled $736.2 million, down from $746.3 million in the same quarter last year.

On an adjusted basis, Transat says it lost $1.10 per share in its latest quarter compared with an adjusted profit of $1.10 per share a year earlier.

Transat chief executive Annick Guérard says demand for leisure travel remains healthy, as evidenced by higher traffic, but consumers are increasingly price conscious given the current economic uncertainty.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 12, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:TRZ)

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