Health
Sepsis Increases Risk of Post-Discharge Cardiovascular Events, Death
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According to the CDC, each year about 1.7 million adults in the United States develop sepsis.
As one of the leading causes of hospitalization, researchers know that sepsis can prompt a major cardiovascular event including heart failure. But are adult patients who recovered from sepsis at a higher risk of developing a post-discharge cardiovascular event?
In a recent retrospective cohort analysis, researchers determined the answer is a resounding “yes”. Indeed, patients either hospitalized with sepsis or who developed it while hospitalized had a higher risk of rehospitalization for cardiovascular events (43%) compared with those hospitalized without sepsis. When compared with patients who did not have sepsis during hospitalization, those with sepsis were 27% more likely to die and 38% more likely to be rehospitalized for any cause.
“Compared with patients hospitalized without a sepsis diagnosis, patients hospitalized with sepsis had an elevated risk of all examined postdischarge adverse events,” the researchers wrote.
The researchers used a database containing administrative claims data to eventually identify more than 2 million commercial and Medicare Advantage enrollees throughout the United States from 2009-2021. Of these adult patients, the medical claims showed that more than 800,000 patients had sepsis during their hospital stay. They then compared that group with about 1.45 million hospitalized patients who did not develop sepsis but had at least one cardiovascular disease risk factor, including older age, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, obesity, or smoking.
Looking deeper into the data, the researchers also found that heart failure was the most common major cardiovascular event among those who had sepsis. Further, those hospitalized with sepsis had a 51% higher risk of developing heart failure during the 12-year follow-up period.
The authors noted several limitations to their study. For example, the authors were limited in their analysis due to the variability associated with the documentation of diagnosis codes to identify diseases of interest. Additionally, the authors did not have a gold-standard definition for sepsis, which could have impacted the association with the results.
Despite these limitations, the authors are confident that the current study will warrant further examination of the underlying associations between sepsis and the risk of post-discharge cardiovascular events.
“The increased risk for cardiovascular disease after sepsis hospitalization necessitates diligent follow‐up and optimization of guideline‐directed medical therapies in patients with preexisting cardiovascular disease,” the authors concluded. “It is imperative to determine the mechanisms underlying this association and whether standard medical therapies for cardiovascular prevention are efficacious for reducing the risk of cardiovascular events associated with sepsis survivorship in the absence of preexisting cardiovascular disease.”
Want more insight on this research? Check out this Q&A with lead author, Jacob C. Jentzer, MD.
Reference: Jentzer JC, Lawler PR, Van Houten HK, Yao X, Kashani KB, Dunlay SM. Cardiovascular events among survivors of sepsis hospitalization: a retrospective cohort analysis. J Am Heart Assoc. 2023;12(3):e027813. doi:10.1161/JAHA.122.027813.
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Alberta Health Services (AHS) has confirmed a case of measles in Edmonton, and is advising the public that the individual was out in public while infectious.
Measles is an extremely contagious disease that is spread easily through the air, and can only be prevented through immunization.
AHS says individuals who were in the following locations during the specified dates and times, may have been exposed to measles.
- April 16
- Edmonton International Airport, international arrivals and baggage claim area — between 3:20 p.m. and 6 p.m.
- April 20
- Stollery Children’s Hospital Emergency Department — between 5 a.m. to 3 p.m.
- April 22
- 66th Medical Clinic (13635 66 St NW Edmonton) — between 12:15 p.m. to 3:30 p.m.
- Pharmacy 66 (13637 66 St NW Edmonton) — between 12:15 p.m. to 3:30 p.m.
- April 23
- Stollery Children’s Hospital Emergency Department — between 4:40 a.m. to 9:33 a.m.
AHS says anyone who attended those locations during those times is at risk of developing measles if they’ve not had two documented doses of measles-containing vaccine.
Those who have not had two doses, who are pregnant, under one year of age, or have a weakened immune system are at greatest risk of getting measles and should contact Health Link at 1-877-720-0707.
Symptoms
Symptoms of measles include a fever of 38.3° C or higher, cough, runny nose, and/or red eyes, a red blotchy rash that appears three to seven days after fever starts, beginning behind the ears and on the face and spreading down the body and then to the arms and legs.
If you have any of these symptoms stay home and call Health Link.
In Alberta, measles vaccine is offered, free of charge, through Alberta’s publicly funded immunization program. Children in Alberta typically receive their first dose of measles vaccine at 12 months of age, and their second dose at 18 months of age.
Health
U.S. tightens rules for dairy cows a day after bird flu virus fragments found in pasteurized milk samples – Toronto Star
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Infected cows were already prohibited from being transported out of state, but that was based on the physical characteristics of the milk, which looks curdled when a cow is infected, or a cow has decreased lactation or low appetite, both symptoms of infection.
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