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'Storm watcher' Hubble sees winds in Jupiter's Great Red Spot speeding up – The Weather Network

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After more than a decade of observations using the Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers discovered that, for some mysterious reason, the winds around the Great Red Spot are speeding up!

Swirling in Jupiter’s southern hemisphere for hundreds of years so far, the Great Red Spot is a giant anticyclonic storm, larger than our planet Earth. In meteorological terms, that means it is an immense high-pressure cell – the same kind of weather system we see here on Earth that is characterized by winds that become lighter the closer you get to the core.

This image of Jupiter was captured by the Hubble Space Telescope during the planet’s opposition in August of 2020. Credit: NASA, ESA, A. Simon, M.H. Wong, M. Kornmesser

Astronomers have been studying the Great Red Spot for well over 100 years now. In that time, they have confirmed that the Spot follows those same basic wind patterns. Specifically, they have identified two different ‘rings’ of winds, with lighter winds along the inner ring and stronger winds along the outer ring.

In just the past 10 years or so, however, something new and unexpected was discovered.

As detailed in a new study published this week, a team of astronomers has found that images from the Hubble Space Telescope show that winds in the outer band of the Great Red Spot are accelerating!

Analysis of Hubble Space Telescope images from 2009 to 2020 reveals that the average wind speed around the outer ring of the Great Red Spot, which can exceed 640 kilometres per hour, has been increasing. Credit: NASA, ESA, Michael H. Wong (UC Berkeley)

“When I initially saw the results, I asked ‘Does this make sense?'” Michael Wong, the lead researcher from the University of California, Berkeley, said in a Hubble press release.

“No one has ever seen this before,” Wong said, “but this is something only Hubble can do. Hubble’s longevity and ongoing observations make this revelation possible.”

It was the high-resolution imagery that Hubble captured that allowed Wong to use computer software to track the motion within the Spot. By carefully plotting wind vectors — notations of wind speed and direction — this software was able to pick out the changes in velocity over time.

“Since we don’t have a storm chaser plane at Jupiter, we can’t continuously measure the winds on site,” co-author Amy Simon, a researcher at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, added. “Hubble is the only telescope that has the kind of temporal coverage and spatial resolution that can capture Jupiter’s winds in this much detail.”

This image of Jupiter from the Hubble Space Telescope was captured in 2019. NASA, ESA, A. Simon (Goddard Space Flight Center) and M.H. Wong (University of California, Berkeley)

According to the study, the winds in the core of the Great Red Spot remain relatively constant. Between 2009 and 2020, though, Hubble observations showed that winds in the outer ring had accelerated by up to 8 per cent.

“We’re talking about such a small change that if we didn’t have eleven years of Hubble data, we wouldn’t know it had happened,” Simon explained. “With Hubble we have the precision we need to spot a trend.”

As for the reason for this acceleration, there’s no way to know at this time.

“That’s hard to diagnose, since Hubble can’t see the bottom of the storm very well,” said Wang. “Anything below the cloud tops is invisible in the data, but it’s an interesting piece of the puzzle that can help us understand what’s fueling the Great Red Spot and how it’s maintaining its energy.”

NASA’s Juno spacecraft, currently in orbit around Jupiter, captured the Great Red Spot on Feb. 28, 2019. To the storm’s left edge, a region of the 400-year-old storm is seen mixing with the surrounding cloud of gases. (NASA/JPL-Caltech/SwRI/MSSS/Björn Jónsson)

In the past few years, astronomers have noticed other changes with the Great Red Spot. For example, recent observations have shown that the anticyclone is shrinking. Once, it was wide enough to fit three Earths across it. Now, it is only around 16,000 km across, or about 25 per cent wider than Earth.

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The body of a Ugandan Olympic athlete who was set on fire by her partner is received by family

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NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) — The body of Ugandan Olympic athlete Rebecca Cheptegei — who died after being set on fire by her partner in Kenya — was received Friday by family and anti-femicide crusaders, ahead of her burial a day later.

Cheptegei’s family met with dozens of activists Friday who had marched to the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital’s morgue in the western city of Eldoret while chanting anti-femicide slogans.

She is the fourth female athlete to have been killed by her partner in Kenya in yet another case of gender-based violence in recent years.

Viola Cheptoo, the founder of Tirop Angels – an organization that was formed in honor of athlete Agnes Tirop, who was stabbed to death in 2021, said stakeholders need to ensure this is the last death of an athlete due to gender-based violence.

“We are here to say that enough is enough, we are tired of burying our sisters due to GBV,” she said.

It was a somber mood at the morgue as athletes and family members viewed Cheptegei’s body which sustained 80% of burns after she was doused with gasoline by her partner Dickson Ndiema. Ndiema sustained 30% burns on his body and later succumbed.

Ndiema and Cheptegei were said to have quarreled over a piece of land that the athlete bought in Kenya, according to a report filed by the local chief.

Cheptegei competed in the women’s marathon at the Paris Olympics less than a month before the attack. She finished in 44th place.

Cheptegei’s father, Joseph, said that the body will make a brief stop at their home in the Endebess area before proceeding to Bukwo in eastern Uganda for a night vigil and burial on Saturday.

“We are in the final part of giving my daughter the last respect,” a visibly distraught Joseph said.

He told reporters last week that Ndiema was stalking and threatening Cheptegei and the family had informed police.

Kenya’s high rates of violence against women have prompted marches by ordinary citizens in towns and cities this year.

Four in 10 women or an estimated 41% of dating or married Kenyan women have experienced physical or sexual violence perpetrated by their current or most recent partner, according to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2022.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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The ancient jar smashed by a 4-year-old is back on display at an Israeli museum after repair

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TEL AVIV, Israel (AP) — A rare Bronze-Era jar accidentally smashed by a 4-year-old visiting a museum was back on display Wednesday after restoration experts were able to carefully piece the artifact back together.

Last month, a family from northern Israel was visiting the museum when their youngest son tipped over the jar, which smashed into pieces.

Alex Geller, the boy’s father, said his son — the youngest of three — is exceptionally curious, and that the moment he heard the crash, “please let that not be my child” was the first thought that raced through his head.

The jar has been on display at the Hecht Museum in Haifa for 35 years. It was one of the only containers of its size and from that period still complete when it was discovered.

The Bronze Age jar is one of many artifacts exhibited out in the open, part of the Hecht Museum’s vision of letting visitors explore history without glass barriers, said Inbal Rivlin, the director of the museum, which is associated with Haifa University in northern Israel.

It was likely used to hold wine or oil, and dates back to between 2200 and 1500 B.C.

Rivlin and the museum decided to turn the moment, which captured international attention, into a teaching moment, inviting the Geller family back for a special visit and hands-on activity to illustrate the restoration process.

Rivlin added that the incident provided a welcome distraction from the ongoing war in Gaza. “Well, he’s just a kid. So I think that somehow it touches the heart of the people in Israel and around the world,“ said Rivlin.

Roee Shafir, a restoration expert at the museum, said the repairs would be fairly simple, as the pieces were from a single, complete jar. Archaeologists often face the more daunting task of sifting through piles of shards from multiple objects and trying to piece them together.

Experts used 3D technology, hi-resolution videos, and special glue to painstakingly reconstruct the large jar.

Less than two weeks after it broke, the jar went back on display at the museum. The gluing process left small hairline cracks, and a few pieces are missing, but the jar’s impressive size remains.

The only noticeable difference in the exhibit was a new sign reading “please don’t touch.”

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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B.C. sets up a panel on bear deaths, will review conservation officer training

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VICTORIA – The British Columbia government is partnering with a bear welfare group to reduce the number of bears being euthanized in the province.

Nicholas Scapillati, executive director of Grizzly Bear Foundation, said Monday that it comes after months-long discussions with the province on how to protect bears, with the goal to give the animals a “better and second chance at life in the wild.”

Scapillati said what’s exciting about the project is that the government is open to working with outside experts and the public.

“So, they’ll be working through Indigenous knowledge and scientific understanding, bringing in the latest techniques and training expertise from leading experts,” he said in an interview.

B.C. government data show conservation officers destroyed 603 black bears and 23 grizzly bears in 2023, while 154 black bears were killed by officers in the first six months of this year.

Scapillati said the group will publish a report with recommendations by next spring, while an independent oversight committee will be set up to review all bear encounters with conservation officers to provide advice to the government.

Environment Minister George Heyman said in a statement that they are looking for new ways to ensure conservation officers “have the trust of the communities they serve,” and the panel will make recommendations to enhance officer training and improve policies.

Lesley Fox, with the wildlife protection group The Fur-Bearers, said they’ve been calling for such a committee for decades.

“This move demonstrates the government is listening,” said Fox. “I suspect, because of the impending election, their listening skills are potentially a little sharper than they normally are.”

Fox said the partnership came from “a place of long frustration” as provincial conservation officers kill more than 500 black bears every year on average, and the public is “no longer tolerating this kind of approach.”

“I think that the conservation officer service and the B.C. government are aware they need to change, and certainly the public has been asking for it,” said Fox.

Fox said there’s a lot of optimism about the new partnership, but, as with any government, there will likely be a lot of red tape to get through.

“I think speed is going to be important, whether or not the committee has the ability to make change and make change relatively quickly without having to study an issue to death, ” said Fox.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 9, 2024.

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