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The link between the stock market and the economy is weakening – BNN

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(Bloomberg Opinion) — The stock market is often misused as a bellwether for the economy, especially in political debates. Yet the market has never reliably moved in concert with the economy. And today the connection between the two is weaker than at any point since World War II. The reasons for this disconnect, furthermore, suggest the relationship will loosen even further in years ahead.

One major reason the correlation between equity markets and real economic activity has never been particularly strong is that stock prices are driven by expectations about future, not current, economic conditions, and they can also be significantly influenced by changes in the interest rate used to discount future earnings. As the economy has evolved toward services industries such as health care and education, though, and as private equity funds have grown to become a larger force, the stock market has become even less representative of current economic activity.

New research by Frederik Schlingemann of the University of Pittsburgh and Rene Stulz of Ohio State University documents what has happened. In 1973, 41 per cent of private-sector workers in the U.S. were employed by publicly listed firms. By 2019, that share had fallen to 29 per cent percent. And among public firms, employment now plays a smaller role than it once did in explaining market values: In the 1970s, employment differences across companies explained half of the differences in stock market capitalization; they now account for only a fifth of the variation.

What explains the growing gap between stock prices and employment? Schlingemann and Stulz point to sectoral shifts across the economy as being the major driver. Manufacturing companies, with significant physical investment, often turn to equity markets for their substantial financing needs. Services firms are less likely to be publicly listed. Only 4 per cent of workers in education and health services are employed by public firms, compared with more than three-fourths of workers in manufacturing.

U.S. economy heading for V-shaped recovery, but stock market thrill ride also ahead: CFRA’s Stovall

Another round of encouraging data out of the United States has Sam Stovall, chief investment strategist of U.S. equity strategy at CFRA, saying the U.S. economy “is mapping out a V-shaped recovery”, but he also warns investors to prepare for increased market volatility.

Thus, the increasing disconnect between the stock market and jobs is largely a story of the American economy’s shift to services over the past several decades. In 1973, manufacturing employed 30 per cent of workers. Employment in the sector has fallen by more than 2 million people since then, and the share of total employment in manufacturing has declined by almost two-thirds. At the same time, since the early 1970s, employment in education, health services, professional business services, and leisure and hospitality has grown by more than 200 per cent.

If education and health-care firms were as prone as manufacturing companies to tap public equity markets, then listed firms would have represented 43 per cent of all workers in 2019 — slightly more than in 1973. In other words, the shift of employment toward services and away from manufacturing has widened the disconnect between the stock market and the job market.

The mirror image of the public companies’ declining employment share is the rise in private equity. Since 2002, the net asset value of private companies has risen twice as fast as that of public ones, McKinsey estimates. As the number of public companies has fallen in half over the past two decades, the role of private companies has risen.

So what should we expect in the future? The buzz around special purpose acquisition companies, or SPACs, suggests that for many firms the allure of public markets will persist. Overall, though, as people consume more and more health care, education and other services, employment will probably continue to shift toward private companies.

All this raises an interesting question: Do we need new measures of activity among private companies? As the employment share of public companies continues to fall, data from their activities tells us less and less about the broader economy.

This column does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the editorial board or Bloomberg LP and its owners.

Peter R. Orszag is a Bloomberg Opinion columnist. He is the chief executive officer of financial advisory at Lazard. He was director of the Office of Management and Budget from 2009 to 2010, and director of the Congressional Budget Office from 2007 to 2008.

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Economy

B.C.’s debt and deficit forecast to rise as the provincial election nears

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VICTORIA – British Columbia is forecasting a record budget deficit and a rising debt of almost $129 billion less than two weeks before the start of a provincial election campaign where economic stability and future progress are expected to be major issues.

Finance Minister Katrine Conroy, who has announced her retirement and will not seek re-election in the Oct. 19 vote, said Tuesday her final budget update as minister predicts a deficit of $8.9 billion, up $1.1 billion from a forecast she made earlier this year.

Conroy said she acknowledges “challenges” facing B.C., including three consecutive deficit budgets, but expected improved economic growth where the province will start to “turn a corner.”

The $8.9 billion deficit forecast for 2024-2025 is followed by annual deficit projections of $6.7 billion and $6.1 billion in 2026-2027, Conroy said at a news conference outlining the government’s first quarterly financial update.

Conroy said lower corporate income tax and natural resource revenues and the increased cost of fighting wildfires have had some of the largest impacts on the budget.

“I want to acknowledge the economic uncertainties,” she said. “While global inflation is showing signs of easing and we’ve seen cuts to the Bank of Canada interest rates, we know that the challenges are not over.”

Conroy said wildfire response costs are expected to total $886 million this year, more than $650 million higher than originally forecast.

Corporate income tax revenue is forecast to be $638 million lower as a result of federal government updates and natural resource revenues are down $299 million due to lower prices for natural gas, lumber and electricity, she said.

Debt-servicing costs are also forecast to be $344 million higher due to the larger debt balance, the current interest rate and accelerated borrowing to ensure services and capital projects are maintained through the province’s election period, said Conroy.

B.C.’s economic growth is expected to strengthen over the next three years, but the timing of a return to a balanced budget will fall to another minister, said Conroy, who was addressing what likely would be her last news conference as Minister of Finance.

The election is expected to be called on Sept. 21, with the vote set for Oct. 19.

“While we are a strong province, people are facing challenges,” she said. “We have never shied away from taking those challenges head on, because we want to keep British Columbians secure and help them build good lives now and for the long term. With the investments we’re making and the actions we’re taking to support people and build a stronger economy, we’ve started to turn a corner.”

Premier David Eby said before the fiscal forecast was released Tuesday that the New Democrat government remains committed to providing services and supports for people in British Columbia and cuts are not on his agenda.

Eby said people have been hurt by high interest costs and the province is facing budget pressures connected to low resource prices, high wildfire costs and struggling global economies.

The premier said that now is not the time to reduce supports and services for people.

Last month’s year-end report for the 2023-2024 budget saw the province post a budget deficit of $5.035 billion, down from the previous forecast of $5.9 billion.

Eby said he expects government financial priorities to become a major issue during the upcoming election, with the NDP pledging to continue to fund services and the B.C. Conservatives looking to make cuts.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

Note to readers: This is a corrected story. A previous version said the debt would be going up to more than $129 billion. In fact, it will be almost $129 billion.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Mark Carney mum on carbon-tax advice, future in politics at Liberal retreat

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NANAIMO, B.C. – Former Bank of Canada governor Mark Carney says he’ll be advising the Liberal party to flip some the challenges posed by an increasingly divided and dangerous world into an economic opportunity for Canada.

But he won’t say what his specific advice will be on economic issues that are politically divisive in Canada, like the carbon tax.

He presented his vision for the Liberals’ economic policy at the party’s caucus retreat in Nanaimo, B.C. today, after he agreed to help the party prepare for the next election as chair of a Liberal task force on economic growth.

Carney has been touted as a possible leadership contender to replace Justin Trudeau, who has said he has tried to coax Carney into politics for years.

Carney says if the prime minister asks him to do something he will do it to the best of his ability, but won’t elaborate on whether the new adviser role could lead to him adding his name to a ballot in the next election.

Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland says she has been taking advice from Carney for years, and that his new position won’t infringe on her role.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

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Nova Scotia bill would kick-start offshore wind industry without approval from Ottawa

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HALIFAX – The Nova Scotia government has introduced a bill that would kick-start the province’s offshore wind industry without federal approval.

Natural Resources Minister Tory Rushton says amendments within a new omnibus bill introduced today will help ensure Nova Scotia meets its goal of launching a first call for offshore wind bids next year.

The province wants to offer project licences by 2030 to develop a total of five gigawatts of power from offshore wind.

Rushton says normally the province would wait for the federal government to adopt legislation establishing a wind industry off Canada’s East Coast, but that process has been “progressing slowly.”

Federal legislation that would enable the development of offshore wind farms in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland and Labrador has passed through the first and second reading in the Senate, and is currently under consideration in committee.

Rushton says the Nova Scotia bill mirrors the federal legislation and would prevent the province’s offshore wind industry from being held up in Ottawa.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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