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There's finally a way to get rid of non-biodegradable plastic: feed it to caterpillars – Mic

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Every year, humans produce more than 300 million tons of plastic waste — the vast majority of which is not properly recycled. Between 4.8 and 12.7 million tons of plastic ends up in the oceans each year, according to research published in the journal Science. While it’s waste to us and damaging the planet, all that plastic is a food source to the tiny caterpillar larvae of the greater wax moth — more commonly referred to as a wax worm. The tiny insects first came to light in 2017, when researchers discovered that they can digest plastic. But now, thanks to new studies published last week in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, scientists have a better understanding of just what happens when a wax worm eats plastic — and it may just help humans figure out how to break down the material.

After running a series of tests, researchers found the creatures’ guts contain microorganisms that can degrade and process plastic. Not only that, but the larvae are capable of subsisting for an entire year on plastic alone. After testing on three groups of caterpillars — one fed honeycomb, another plastic, and a third starved entirely — scientists found that the plastic diet resulted in an “increased microbial abundance” in the creatures’ gut microbiomes. Essentially, eating plastic activates more bacteria inside the worms’ stomachs, allowing them to digest the material like a more traditional food source.

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“We found that wax worm caterpillars are endowed with gut microbes that are essential in the plastic biodegradation process, ” Christophe LeMoine, an associate professor and chair of biology at Brandon University in Canada, told CNN. “This process seems reliant on a synergy between the caterpillars and their gut bacteria to accelerate polyethylene degradation.”

These caterpillars are not the only creatures in the wild that are technically capable of eating plastic. In fact, there are more than 50 known species of so-called “plastivores” capable of digesting the otherwise non-biodegradable material. But the wax worm is particularly adept at this task, thanks to its standard diet of honeycomb. In the wild, the wax moth is a pest, leeching off of the wax in bee colonies and often causing problems for beekeepers. But that diet has equipped the insect well for its role in getting rid of our plastic waste. Honeycomb wax is made up of chains of carbon and hydrogen molecules known as hydrocarbons, which are nearly identical to the makeup of the plastics on which humans have become so reliant. To the wax worm, there is little nutritional difference between eating honeycomb wax and plastic.

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But before we stop concerning ourselves with plastic waste and start releasing armies of worms to clean up our old milk jugs and salad containers, it’s worth noting that while they are capable of eating plastic, they aren’t exactly speedy eaters with bottomless stomachs. Researchers found that it takes 60 wax worms about a week to eat a matchbook-sized square of plastic. When you consider that rate in light of warnings that there could be more plastic in the ocean than fish by 2050, it becomes obvious that we will need to adapt other approaches or risk being overrun by waste.

“The problem of plastic pollution is too large to simply throw worms and there is still a lot to do before we can parlay this work into making a meaningful contribution,” Bryan Cassone an associate professor of biology at Canada’s Brandon University, told Newsweek. However, they may hold the key to better understanding how the process of biodegrading plastic works, which could enable the creation of tools that would be capable of eliminating some of the waste that is overflowing at landfills around the world.

Ridding ourselves of plastic waste will require significant changes in the materials that we rely on, but wax worms may just help us figure out how to deal with all the waste that we’ve created.

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The body of a Ugandan Olympic athlete who was set on fire by her partner is received by family

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NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) — The body of Ugandan Olympic athlete Rebecca Cheptegei — who died after being set on fire by her partner in Kenya — was received Friday by family and anti-femicide crusaders, ahead of her burial a day later.

Cheptegei’s family met with dozens of activists Friday who had marched to the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital’s morgue in the western city of Eldoret while chanting anti-femicide slogans.

She is the fourth female athlete to have been killed by her partner in Kenya in yet another case of gender-based violence in recent years.

Viola Cheptoo, the founder of Tirop Angels – an organization that was formed in honor of athlete Agnes Tirop, who was stabbed to death in 2021, said stakeholders need to ensure this is the last death of an athlete due to gender-based violence.

“We are here to say that enough is enough, we are tired of burying our sisters due to GBV,” she said.

It was a somber mood at the morgue as athletes and family members viewed Cheptegei’s body which sustained 80% of burns after she was doused with gasoline by her partner Dickson Ndiema. Ndiema sustained 30% burns on his body and later succumbed.

Ndiema and Cheptegei were said to have quarreled over a piece of land that the athlete bought in Kenya, according to a report filed by the local chief.

Cheptegei competed in the women’s marathon at the Paris Olympics less than a month before the attack. She finished in 44th place.

Cheptegei’s father, Joseph, said that the body will make a brief stop at their home in the Endebess area before proceeding to Bukwo in eastern Uganda for a night vigil and burial on Saturday.

“We are in the final part of giving my daughter the last respect,” a visibly distraught Joseph said.

He told reporters last week that Ndiema was stalking and threatening Cheptegei and the family had informed police.

Kenya’s high rates of violence against women have prompted marches by ordinary citizens in towns and cities this year.

Four in 10 women or an estimated 41% of dating or married Kenyan women have experienced physical or sexual violence perpetrated by their current or most recent partner, according to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2022.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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The ancient jar smashed by a 4-year-old is back on display at an Israeli museum after repair

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TEL AVIV, Israel (AP) — A rare Bronze-Era jar accidentally smashed by a 4-year-old visiting a museum was back on display Wednesday after restoration experts were able to carefully piece the artifact back together.

Last month, a family from northern Israel was visiting the museum when their youngest son tipped over the jar, which smashed into pieces.

Alex Geller, the boy’s father, said his son — the youngest of three — is exceptionally curious, and that the moment he heard the crash, “please let that not be my child” was the first thought that raced through his head.

The jar has been on display at the Hecht Museum in Haifa for 35 years. It was one of the only containers of its size and from that period still complete when it was discovered.

The Bronze Age jar is one of many artifacts exhibited out in the open, part of the Hecht Museum’s vision of letting visitors explore history without glass barriers, said Inbal Rivlin, the director of the museum, which is associated with Haifa University in northern Israel.

It was likely used to hold wine or oil, and dates back to between 2200 and 1500 B.C.

Rivlin and the museum decided to turn the moment, which captured international attention, into a teaching moment, inviting the Geller family back for a special visit and hands-on activity to illustrate the restoration process.

Rivlin added that the incident provided a welcome distraction from the ongoing war in Gaza. “Well, he’s just a kid. So I think that somehow it touches the heart of the people in Israel and around the world,“ said Rivlin.

Roee Shafir, a restoration expert at the museum, said the repairs would be fairly simple, as the pieces were from a single, complete jar. Archaeologists often face the more daunting task of sifting through piles of shards from multiple objects and trying to piece them together.

Experts used 3D technology, hi-resolution videos, and special glue to painstakingly reconstruct the large jar.

Less than two weeks after it broke, the jar went back on display at the museum. The gluing process left small hairline cracks, and a few pieces are missing, but the jar’s impressive size remains.

The only noticeable difference in the exhibit was a new sign reading “please don’t touch.”

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B.C. sets up a panel on bear deaths, will review conservation officer training

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VICTORIA – The British Columbia government is partnering with a bear welfare group to reduce the number of bears being euthanized in the province.

Nicholas Scapillati, executive director of Grizzly Bear Foundation, said Monday that it comes after months-long discussions with the province on how to protect bears, with the goal to give the animals a “better and second chance at life in the wild.”

Scapillati said what’s exciting about the project is that the government is open to working with outside experts and the public.

“So, they’ll be working through Indigenous knowledge and scientific understanding, bringing in the latest techniques and training expertise from leading experts,” he said in an interview.

B.C. government data show conservation officers destroyed 603 black bears and 23 grizzly bears in 2023, while 154 black bears were killed by officers in the first six months of this year.

Scapillati said the group will publish a report with recommendations by next spring, while an independent oversight committee will be set up to review all bear encounters with conservation officers to provide advice to the government.

Environment Minister George Heyman said in a statement that they are looking for new ways to ensure conservation officers “have the trust of the communities they serve,” and the panel will make recommendations to enhance officer training and improve policies.

Lesley Fox, with the wildlife protection group The Fur-Bearers, said they’ve been calling for such a committee for decades.

“This move demonstrates the government is listening,” said Fox. “I suspect, because of the impending election, their listening skills are potentially a little sharper than they normally are.”

Fox said the partnership came from “a place of long frustration” as provincial conservation officers kill more than 500 black bears every year on average, and the public is “no longer tolerating this kind of approach.”

“I think that the conservation officer service and the B.C. government are aware they need to change, and certainly the public has been asking for it,” said Fox.

Fox said there’s a lot of optimism about the new partnership, but, as with any government, there will likely be a lot of red tape to get through.

“I think speed is going to be important, whether or not the committee has the ability to make change and make change relatively quickly without having to study an issue to death, ” said Fox.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 9, 2024.

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