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This chart will tell you when to bolt from Canadian investments

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I firmly believe there’s one chart that represents the most important data relationship for the domestic economy in 2024. It measures the extent to which mortgage debt is strangling Canadian economic growth.

This chart right now isn’t sending a definitive signal of what’s to come. But the backdrop to this data relationship couldn’t be more alarming: The ratio of total household debt to disposable income stands near record highs at 182 per cent.

The red line on the chart shows the year-over-year percentage change in the debt service ratio (the proportion of disposable income necessary to make monthly service payments on debt), and the blue line is the year-over-year percentage change in retail sales.

The premise in comparing these series is that if Canadian households are struggling with the effects of higher borrowing costs and mortgage renewals, the stress will first be apparent in retail sales data. Mortgage and credit card payments can’t be skipped, but overall spending can be curtailed to compensate.

The correlation between the debt service ratio and retail sales has been inconsistent at best over the past 30 years – extremely low from 1993 to 2008, and then significantly higher, but not excessive, in the post-financial-crisis, prepandemic era.

Things got a lot more interesting starting in September, 2022, with rising interest rates pushing the debt service ratio sharply higher while retail sales growth headed straight south. The data reached extremes during the first half of 2023. The 0.7 per cent year-over-year decline in retail sales was only exceeded during the financial crisis and early in the pandemic. The 9.7-per-cent jump in debt service costs registered in March, 2023, is the biggest increase in at least 30 years.

The divergence in the chart closed somewhat last September (the most recent debt-to disposable-income report available), with the debt ratio higher by a still-elevated 6.7 per cent and retail sales recovering to 2.7 per cent growth, year over year.

I’m not suggesting the recent data prove that debt payments are crowding out spending – not yet. As it stands, the chart shows a debt-to-disposable-income ratio that continues to trend higher, while retail sales growth remains well below the 20-year average of 4.5 per cent, year over year.

A healthy domestic job market and fading (if stubborn) inflation pressure should prevent a worst-case scenario of mortgage defaults, a deep recession and a collapse in consumption. Economic and investment risk will rise, on the other hand, if the two lines on the chart diverge.

Domestic gross domestic product growth has been anemic lately – Bank of Montreal strategist Benjamin Reitzes noted that the “Canadian economy is going nowhere” in a recent report. This provides an economic backdrop that is likely to pressure retail sales precisely when higher interest rates are making life more difficult for more households.

Investors should pay careful attention to both data series as 2024 progresses. If the divergence on the chart expands, investors should favour market sectors with higher foreign rather than domestic revenue.

Scott Barlow is a market strategist for The Globe and Mail

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Economy

S&P/TSX gains almost 100 points, U.S. markets also higher ahead of rate decision

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TORONTO – Strength in the base metal and technology sectors helped Canada’s main stock index gain almost 100 points on Friday, while U.S. stock markets climbed to their best week of the year.

“It’s been almost a complete opposite or retracement of what we saw last week,” said Philip Petursson, chief investment strategist at IG Wealth Management.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 297.01 points at 41,393.78. The S&P 500 index was up 30.26 points at 5,626.02, while the Nasdaq composite was up 114.30 points at 17,683.98.

The S&P/TSX composite index closed up 93.51 points at 23,568.65.

While last week saw a “healthy” pullback on weaker economic data, this week investors appeared to be buying the dip and hoping the central bank “comes to the rescue,” said Petursson.

Next week, the U.S. Federal Reserve is widely expected to cut its key interest rate for the first time in several years after it significantly hiked it to fight inflation.

But the magnitude of that first cut has been the subject of debate, and the market appears split on whether the cut will be a quarter of a percentage point or a larger half-point reduction.

Petursson thinks it’s clear the smaller cut is coming. Economic data recently hasn’t been great, but it hasn’t been that bad either, he said — and inflation may have come down significantly, but it’s not defeated just yet.

“I think they’re going to be very steady,” he said, with one small cut at each of their three decisions scheduled for the rest of 2024, and more into 2025.

“I don’t think there’s a sense of urgency on the part of the Fed that they have to do something immediately.

A larger cut could also send the wrong message to the markets, added Petursson: that the Fed made a mistake in waiting this long to cut, or that it’s seeing concerning signs in the economy.

It would also be “counter to what they’ve signaled,” he said.

More important than the cut — other than the new tone it sets — will be what Fed chair Jerome Powell has to say, according to Petursson.

“That’s going to be more important than the size of the cut itself,” he said.

In Canada, where the central bank has already cut three times, Petursson expects two more before the year is through.

“Here, the labour situation is worse than what we see in the United States,” he said.

The Canadian dollar traded for 73.61 cents US compared with 73.58 cents US on Thursday.

The October crude oil contract was down 32 cents at US$68.65 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was down five cents at US$2.31 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was up US$30.10 at US$2,610.70 an ounce and the December copper contract was up four cents US$4.24 a pound.

— With files from The Associated Press

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 13, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Economy

S&P/TSX composite down more than 200 points, U.S. stock markets also fall

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TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index was down more than 200 points in late-morning trading, weighed down by losses in the technology, base metal and energy sectors, while U.S. stock markets also fell.

The S&P/TSX composite index was down 239.24 points at 22,749.04.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was down 312.36 points at 40,443.39. The S&P 500 index was down 80.94 points at 5,422.47, while the Nasdaq composite was down 380.17 points at 16,747.49.

The Canadian dollar traded for 73.80 cents US compared with 74.00 cents US on Thursday.

The October crude oil contract was down US$1.07 at US$68.08 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was up less than a penny at US$2.26 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was down US$2.10 at US$2,541.00 an ounce and the December copper contract was down four cents at US$4.10 a pound.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 6, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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S&P/TSX composite up more than 150 points, U.S. stock markets also higher

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TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index was up more than 150 points in late-morning trading, helped by strength in technology, financial and energy stocks, while U.S. stock markets also pushed higher.

The S&P/TSX composite index was up 171.41 points at 23,298.39.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 278.37 points at 41,369.79. The S&P 500 index was up 38.17 points at 5,630.35, while the Nasdaq composite was up 177.15 points at 17,733.18.

The Canadian dollar traded for 74.19 cents US compared with 74.23 cents US on Wednesday.

The October crude oil contract was up US$1.75 at US$76.27 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was up less than a penny at US$2.10 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was up US$18.70 at US$2,556.50 an ounce and the December copper contract was down less than a penny at US$4.22 a pound.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Aug. 29, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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