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Understanding investment terminology – Northern Daily News

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In his 2001 letter to investors, Warren Buffett wrote, “Bad terminology is the enemy of good thinking.”

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The asset management industry suffers from this affliction more than most and in particular in the area of responsible investing. Modern responsible investing was first started in the 1970s, and the number of buzz words and acronyms used to describe the space has expanded and changed over the years.

This article is meant to hopefully provide some clarity within this rapidly expanding investment style.

Responsible investing means many things to many people. There is no type of investing that is more personalized to the individual investor’s beliefs, world view, and values.

The following is a small sample of the terms that fall within the responsible investing umbrella:

  • Socially responsible investing (SRI),
  • Environmental, social, and governance (ESG),
  • Impact investing,
  • Fossil fuel-free investing,
  • Values-based investing,
  • Sustainable investing, and
  • Mission-related investing, to name but a few terms.

Discussing what prospective investors mean when they say they want to take a responsible approach is a very important first step.

I have chosen to focus on the difference between SRI, ESG, and impact investing given the limited space I have to work with. Below is a general discussion between these categories, but it is by no means the only way these terms are used.

Simplistically, SRI, is what many investors incorrectly think of when they hear the term responsible investing. SRI started as the umbrella term for all types of responsible investing, but in the modern nomenclature it is generally used as the term for negatively screened portfolios, which is one type of responsible investment.

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Values-based investing and fossil fuel-free investing are examples of SRI portfolios. An individual or organization may not want to invest in companies that engage in certain activities, such as weapons manufacturing, alcohol production, or the extraction of fossil fuels, so they are removed from consideration.

ESG investing recognizes that these factors play a material role in the potential risk and return of an investment. Issues like climate change, resource depletion, labour conflicts, health and safety of employees, and executive compensation are examples of issues considered.

Some responsible managers will engage or interact with portfolio holdings to try to elicit a change of the company’s behavior on those ESG issues. Engagement is defined as, “The process through which investors use their influence to encourage companies they invest in to improve their management of ESG issues. This may, in turn, improve the companies’ financial performance and the long-term performance of investment portfolios.”

Impact investments on the other hand are made with the intention of generating social and environmental impact with financial return being second in importance. This may include considering elements of SRI, ESG, or both. These investments combine some of the attractive elements of philanthropy and market investments and allow investors to integrate their values into their investment strategy while still receiving a market return. Foundations and endowments are able to use impact investing to align their holdings with their mandate through mission-related investing in this manner.

Mike Candeloro, senior portfolio manager and wealth advisor with RBC Dominion Securities and the head of The Mike Candeloro Wealth Management Group supplied this article. RBC Dominion Securities Inc. and Royal Bank of Canada are separate corporate entities, which are affiliated. Member CIPF. Mike can be reached at www.michaelcandeloro.com or at michael.candeloro@rbc.com

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Economy

S&P/TSX gains almost 100 points, U.S. markets also higher ahead of rate decision

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TORONTO – Strength in the base metal and technology sectors helped Canada’s main stock index gain almost 100 points on Friday, while U.S. stock markets climbed to their best week of the year.

“It’s been almost a complete opposite or retracement of what we saw last week,” said Philip Petursson, chief investment strategist at IG Wealth Management.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 297.01 points at 41,393.78. The S&P 500 index was up 30.26 points at 5,626.02, while the Nasdaq composite was up 114.30 points at 17,683.98.

The S&P/TSX composite index closed up 93.51 points at 23,568.65.

While last week saw a “healthy” pullback on weaker economic data, this week investors appeared to be buying the dip and hoping the central bank “comes to the rescue,” said Petursson.

Next week, the U.S. Federal Reserve is widely expected to cut its key interest rate for the first time in several years after it significantly hiked it to fight inflation.

But the magnitude of that first cut has been the subject of debate, and the market appears split on whether the cut will be a quarter of a percentage point or a larger half-point reduction.

Petursson thinks it’s clear the smaller cut is coming. Economic data recently hasn’t been great, but it hasn’t been that bad either, he said — and inflation may have come down significantly, but it’s not defeated just yet.

“I think they’re going to be very steady,” he said, with one small cut at each of their three decisions scheduled for the rest of 2024, and more into 2025.

“I don’t think there’s a sense of urgency on the part of the Fed that they have to do something immediately.

A larger cut could also send the wrong message to the markets, added Petursson: that the Fed made a mistake in waiting this long to cut, or that it’s seeing concerning signs in the economy.

It would also be “counter to what they’ve signaled,” he said.

More important than the cut — other than the new tone it sets — will be what Fed chair Jerome Powell has to say, according to Petursson.

“That’s going to be more important than the size of the cut itself,” he said.

In Canada, where the central bank has already cut three times, Petursson expects two more before the year is through.

“Here, the labour situation is worse than what we see in the United States,” he said.

The Canadian dollar traded for 73.61 cents US compared with 73.58 cents US on Thursday.

The October crude oil contract was down 32 cents at US$68.65 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was down five cents at US$2.31 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was up US$30.10 at US$2,610.70 an ounce and the December copper contract was up four cents US$4.24 a pound.

— With files from The Associated Press

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 13, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Economy

S&P/TSX composite down more than 200 points, U.S. stock markets also fall

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TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index was down more than 200 points in late-morning trading, weighed down by losses in the technology, base metal and energy sectors, while U.S. stock markets also fell.

The S&P/TSX composite index was down 239.24 points at 22,749.04.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was down 312.36 points at 40,443.39. The S&P 500 index was down 80.94 points at 5,422.47, while the Nasdaq composite was down 380.17 points at 16,747.49.

The Canadian dollar traded for 73.80 cents US compared with 74.00 cents US on Thursday.

The October crude oil contract was down US$1.07 at US$68.08 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was up less than a penny at US$2.26 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was down US$2.10 at US$2,541.00 an ounce and the December copper contract was down four cents at US$4.10 a pound.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 6, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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S&P/TSX composite up more than 150 points, U.S. stock markets also higher

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TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index was up more than 150 points in late-morning trading, helped by strength in technology, financial and energy stocks, while U.S. stock markets also pushed higher.

The S&P/TSX composite index was up 171.41 points at 23,298.39.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 278.37 points at 41,369.79. The S&P 500 index was up 38.17 points at 5,630.35, while the Nasdaq composite was up 177.15 points at 17,733.18.

The Canadian dollar traded for 74.19 cents US compared with 74.23 cents US on Wednesday.

The October crude oil contract was up US$1.75 at US$76.27 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was up less than a penny at US$2.10 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was up US$18.70 at US$2,556.50 an ounce and the December copper contract was down less than a penny at US$4.22 a pound.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Aug. 29, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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