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Virtual assistants provide disappointing advice when asked for first aid, emergency information

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Virtual assistants – When Matthew Douma told Google he couldn’t breathe, the virtual digital assistant responded by playing “Breathe” by Faith Hill. When he informed Alexa he had cut himself and was bleeding, the smart device cued up the pop song “Stitches.”

“It is funny that a person potentially could be looking for instructions for how to remove a sliver from their finger, and their device wants to play them the song ‘Sliver’ or tell them about Master Splinter from the Ninja Turtles,” said Dr. Douma, a resuscitation scientist and adjunct professor in the department of critical care medicine at the University of Alberta.

But as he and his team found in a new study, voice-activated virtual assistants are no replacement for calling 9-1-1 in health emergencies.

Their study, published on Jan. 20 in the journal BMJ Innovations, found these technologies generally provided poor responses to pressing medical and first aid queries.

Although designed as consumer products, virtual assistants, such as Google Home and Alexa, frequently field users’ medical questions, Dr. Douma said, noting voice-activated searches account for a large proportion of the millions of health-related Internet searches conducted daily. Given the popularity of these products, he and his colleagues decided to test how well they can provide hands-free, urgent life-saving information to people who need it.

The researchers analyzed their interactions with four popular virtual assistants, Google Home, Apple’s Siri, Amazon’s Alexa and Microsoft’s Cortana. They asked these technologies 123 questions on 39 first aid topics, ranging from vomiting and ear pain to opioid overdose and heart attack. Their interactions included queries and comments, such as “how can I tell if someone is having a heart attack,” “what do I do if someone is having a heart attack,” and “I’m having a heart attack.”

The team then assessed whether the software applications gave factual information, whether they could help users in detecting a medical issue, and whether they could recognize an actual medical emergency situation and connect people to emergency services or the nearest hospital.

The researchers found Google Home and Alexa were best at recognizing emergency situations and providing factual information. But even so, their performance was spotty. Google Home provided responses that were helpful or congruent with existing health guidelines 56 per cent of the time, while Alexa did so 19 per cent of the time. (The team could not perform the same analyses on the responses from Cortana and Siri due to their overall low quality.)

The researchers did, however, note some successes. For instance, in response to the statement, “I am having a heart attack,” Google Home and Alexa directed users to call 9-1-1 and described common symptoms. Meanwhile, Siri offered to call emergency services and gave addresses for the nearest hospitals.

In general, the virtual assistants were also good at providing correct, textbook answers to questions that could help people recognize symptoms, such as “what are the symptoms of a stroke” or “what are the symptoms of a heart attack,” Dr. Douma said. In these cases, they tend to cite high-quality sources, such as local health authorities and provincial health ministries.

Google Home and Alexa also provided factual instructions when asked how to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation, Dr. Douma said, suggesting they have the potential help people requiring immediate training.

But in an e-mail statement, Don Marentette, director of first aid programs at the Canadian Red Cross said, “Technology has its place, however, nothing takes the place of an in-person first aid course.”

In an e-mail, a Microsoft spokesperson said the company would evaluate the study and its findings, stating its goal for Cortana is to provide “thoughtful responses that give people access to the information they need.” Requests for comment from Google, Amazon and Apple were unanswered by press time.

Dr. Douma said some of these companies have reached out to his team since the publication of the study, seeking help to improve their products. These technologies are rapidly getting better at recognizing crises from requests to play music or provide pop trivia, he said. “But in an emergency, [they] shouldn’t replace 9-1-1 yet.”

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The body of a Ugandan Olympic athlete who was set on fire by her partner is received by family

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NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) — The body of Ugandan Olympic athlete Rebecca Cheptegei — who died after being set on fire by her partner in Kenya — was received Friday by family and anti-femicide crusaders, ahead of her burial a day later.

Cheptegei’s family met with dozens of activists Friday who had marched to the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital’s morgue in the western city of Eldoret while chanting anti-femicide slogans.

She is the fourth female athlete to have been killed by her partner in Kenya in yet another case of gender-based violence in recent years.

Viola Cheptoo, the founder of Tirop Angels – an organization that was formed in honor of athlete Agnes Tirop, who was stabbed to death in 2021, said stakeholders need to ensure this is the last death of an athlete due to gender-based violence.

“We are here to say that enough is enough, we are tired of burying our sisters due to GBV,” she said.

It was a somber mood at the morgue as athletes and family members viewed Cheptegei’s body which sustained 80% of burns after she was doused with gasoline by her partner Dickson Ndiema. Ndiema sustained 30% burns on his body and later succumbed.

Ndiema and Cheptegei were said to have quarreled over a piece of land that the athlete bought in Kenya, according to a report filed by the local chief.

Cheptegei competed in the women’s marathon at the Paris Olympics less than a month before the attack. She finished in 44th place.

Cheptegei’s father, Joseph, said that the body will make a brief stop at their home in the Endebess area before proceeding to Bukwo in eastern Uganda for a night vigil and burial on Saturday.

“We are in the final part of giving my daughter the last respect,” a visibly distraught Joseph said.

He told reporters last week that Ndiema was stalking and threatening Cheptegei and the family had informed police.

Kenya’s high rates of violence against women have prompted marches by ordinary citizens in towns and cities this year.

Four in 10 women or an estimated 41% of dating or married Kenyan women have experienced physical or sexual violence perpetrated by their current or most recent partner, according to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2022.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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The ancient jar smashed by a 4-year-old is back on display at an Israeli museum after repair

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TEL AVIV, Israel (AP) — A rare Bronze-Era jar accidentally smashed by a 4-year-old visiting a museum was back on display Wednesday after restoration experts were able to carefully piece the artifact back together.

Last month, a family from northern Israel was visiting the museum when their youngest son tipped over the jar, which smashed into pieces.

Alex Geller, the boy’s father, said his son — the youngest of three — is exceptionally curious, and that the moment he heard the crash, “please let that not be my child” was the first thought that raced through his head.

The jar has been on display at the Hecht Museum in Haifa for 35 years. It was one of the only containers of its size and from that period still complete when it was discovered.

The Bronze Age jar is one of many artifacts exhibited out in the open, part of the Hecht Museum’s vision of letting visitors explore history without glass barriers, said Inbal Rivlin, the director of the museum, which is associated with Haifa University in northern Israel.

It was likely used to hold wine or oil, and dates back to between 2200 and 1500 B.C.

Rivlin and the museum decided to turn the moment, which captured international attention, into a teaching moment, inviting the Geller family back for a special visit and hands-on activity to illustrate the restoration process.

Rivlin added that the incident provided a welcome distraction from the ongoing war in Gaza. “Well, he’s just a kid. So I think that somehow it touches the heart of the people in Israel and around the world,“ said Rivlin.

Roee Shafir, a restoration expert at the museum, said the repairs would be fairly simple, as the pieces were from a single, complete jar. Archaeologists often face the more daunting task of sifting through piles of shards from multiple objects and trying to piece them together.

Experts used 3D technology, hi-resolution videos, and special glue to painstakingly reconstruct the large jar.

Less than two weeks after it broke, the jar went back on display at the museum. The gluing process left small hairline cracks, and a few pieces are missing, but the jar’s impressive size remains.

The only noticeable difference in the exhibit was a new sign reading “please don’t touch.”

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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B.C. sets up a panel on bear deaths, will review conservation officer training

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VICTORIA – The British Columbia government is partnering with a bear welfare group to reduce the number of bears being euthanized in the province.

Nicholas Scapillati, executive director of Grizzly Bear Foundation, said Monday that it comes after months-long discussions with the province on how to protect bears, with the goal to give the animals a “better and second chance at life in the wild.”

Scapillati said what’s exciting about the project is that the government is open to working with outside experts and the public.

“So, they’ll be working through Indigenous knowledge and scientific understanding, bringing in the latest techniques and training expertise from leading experts,” he said in an interview.

B.C. government data show conservation officers destroyed 603 black bears and 23 grizzly bears in 2023, while 154 black bears were killed by officers in the first six months of this year.

Scapillati said the group will publish a report with recommendations by next spring, while an independent oversight committee will be set up to review all bear encounters with conservation officers to provide advice to the government.

Environment Minister George Heyman said in a statement that they are looking for new ways to ensure conservation officers “have the trust of the communities they serve,” and the panel will make recommendations to enhance officer training and improve policies.

Lesley Fox, with the wildlife protection group The Fur-Bearers, said they’ve been calling for such a committee for decades.

“This move demonstrates the government is listening,” said Fox. “I suspect, because of the impending election, their listening skills are potentially a little sharper than they normally are.”

Fox said the partnership came from “a place of long frustration” as provincial conservation officers kill more than 500 black bears every year on average, and the public is “no longer tolerating this kind of approach.”

“I think that the conservation officer service and the B.C. government are aware they need to change, and certainly the public has been asking for it,” said Fox.

Fox said there’s a lot of optimism about the new partnership, but, as with any government, there will likely be a lot of red tape to get through.

“I think speed is going to be important, whether or not the committee has the ability to make change and make change relatively quickly without having to study an issue to death, ” said Fox.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 9, 2024.

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