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'We had to escape': Growing number of Somalis face possible deportation over false documents, advocates say – CBC.ca

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Kaif Ali is only 23, but she’s spent the last five years putting her life back together — from escaping war in Somalia, to putting her faith in a smuggler to find safety, to landing in Canada and learning English, studying nursing and becoming a front-line health-care worker. 

Now the life she’s built could soon fall apart — again.

That’s because the Canadian government now claims Ali is not, in fact, Somali. And she’s not alone.

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Ali, a Toronto resident, told CBC News she escaped Somalia with her younger sister after her father and older sister were targeted and killed. The two paid a smuggler, who arranged for them to flee with fake Kenyan passports. It’s a choice she says she was forced to make in order to get to safety.

“Nobody just wakes up one day and they’re like, ‘Oh, I’m running away from the country,'” Ali said. “We’re escaping in a short period of time. Something happens and, within a month or two months, you’re in hiding.”

“You don’t have that leisure time to be able to prepare for that identity document… I would have lost my life and my sister’s life if I had stayed there any longer,” she said. “We had to escape.”

Ali, right, pictured with her sister, Sagal, left. The pair now face the possibility of deportation. Their last hope is to appeal on compassionate and humanitarian grounds. (Submitted by Kaif Ali)

Now, Ali is one of a growing number of Somalis who, advocates say, have had their refugee claims invalidated by the federal government because of those fraudulent documents.

The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) says 157 people have been served with “vacate hearings” since 2019 — a move to void their protections as a refugee claimants from Somalia. Ali and others believe the actual number is in the hundreds.

From 2015-19, the number of vacate notices against those claiming asylum from Somalia averaged 19 each year. In 2020, there were 61. A year later, there were 77. 

Canada says Ali is Kenyan, that her refugee claim is therefore false and that she could be deported unless she successfully appeals. Ali says she and many others over the years openly told immigration officials when they arrived that their documents were false. 

Her last hope to stay here rests on an appeal on humanitarian and compassionate grounds. 

“If I go back to Somalia, I will die.”

Spike in cases

In 1991, Somalia’s government collapsed with the outbreak of civil war and it has been widely considered a failed state since. Canada is one of a number of countries that does not consider Somali passports valid for the “purpose of traveling to Canada.” The same is true of the U.K. and Germany, meaning those who try to find safety are often forced to falsify their documents. Many who have escaped the war over the past three decades haven’t had so much as a birth certificate, Ali says. 

How is a person to travel when their government has completely collapsed?— Paul Dineen, immigration lawyer

For many that means, as difficult as it’s been to survive the war, escaping it can be even harder.

Toronto immigration lawyer Paul Dineen has taken on dozens of cases similar to Ali’s. During the three decades in which he’s been practising refugee law, he’d only ever seen two or three “vacate” cases.

Suddenly in late 2019, he says, there was a “rash” of them.

Until then, Dineen says there seemed to be a recognition that refugees from Somalia had to rely on fraudulent documents.

“One could point and say, ‘Well, they’ve used a false document. That is wrong,'” Dineen said. “But how is a person to travel when their government has completely collapsed and they’re trying to find refuge somewhere?” 

The Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada acknowledges in its refugee application that some will come with false documents. Its application form asks claimants to include “documents that you got in an irregular or illegal way or by giving information that is not true, and documents you used that do not really belong to you.”

CBSA won’t disclose investigative techniques

Dineen suspects the apparent spike in cases is the result of the CBSA using artificial intelligence tools to match photos of those arriving at Canadian airports to the photos in a given refugee claim. When the photos of claimants are deemed to match those of actual Kenyans, their claims appear to be invalidated.

Previous reporting by CBC News has found primary inspection kiosks that read passports at some Canadian airports may have higher error rates when processing people with certain ethnic backgrounds.

Dineen worries photo matching is a faulty process, pointing out numerous studies have noted facial recognition algorithms can be less accurate when dealing with dark-skinned people than with light-skinned.

Asked about the apparent spike in vacate cases, the CBSA said in a statement to CBC News it “cannot speculate or speak to trends.”

The agency did say it uses facial recognition technology to help identify travellers coming through its kiosks at certain airports and is “committed to ensuring that individuals’ privacy is protected and that technology is free from bias.” 

It also said it takes “many steps” to intercept those who use fraudulent documentation, but “does not disclose details of its intelligence and investigative techniques.”

Marian Mohamud is a Somali mother with the community organization Mending a Crack in the Sky, supporting families who have lost loved ones to gun violence. She says she considers young Somalis like Ali her ‘children’ and is calling on the federal government to grant them protection. (James Spalding/CBC)

‘They went through the unthinkable’

Marian Mohamud fled Somalia in late ’80s and says she was welcomed in Canada with open arms. 

It’s that type of welcome — and the response that Canada has afforded to thousands of Ukrainians fleeing Russia’s invasion — that the Somali mother she wants for those now facing possible deportation.

Many have built lives here, are working in essential sectors, have even started families. Others, fearing the danger of returning home, she says, have attempted suicide.

“You need these people. They’re already here, they went through the unthinkable to come here. How can you send them back?” Mohamud said. “Treat our kids the same way you treat the Ukrainians.” 

Qalid Ali knows that feeling all too well. 

Ali arrived in Canada six years ago — attended high school and college here. Now, he too faces the possibility of deportation.

With the prospect of being forced to return to danger, he says, many young Somalis in his position feel defeated.

“They don’t know when they are going to be deported… And because of that mindset, a lot of them have dropped out of school,” he said. “When you cannot envision a future, then it is very hard to work for one.”

“We want to be Canadian… we want to be able to enjoy the same peace and security that all Canadians enjoy in this country,” Qalid said.

“All we want is to be enough.”

Qalid Ali had his refugee claim vacated in 2019. He arrived in Canada six years ago, and attended high school and college here. ‘Canada is my home,’ he says. ‘And all of a sudden we’re being told that Canada doesn’t want us anymore.’ (James Spalding/CBC)

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Best in Canada: Jets Beat Canucks to Finish Season as Top Canadian Club – The Hockey News

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Best in Canada: Jets Beat Canucks to Finish Season as Top Canadian Club  The Hockey News

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Health Canada sperm donation rules changing for gay men – CTV News

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Health Canada will change its longstanding policy restricting gay and bisexual men from donating to sperm banks in Canada, CTV News has learned.

The federal health agency has adopted a revised directive removing the ban on gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men, effective May 8.

The policy change would remove the current donor screening criteria, allowing men who have sex with men to legally donate sperm for the first time in more than 30 years, as part of the anonymous donation process.

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This update comes after CTV News first reported last year that a gay man was taking the federal government to court, challenging the constitutionality of the policy on the basis that it violates the right to equality in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms. 

According to an email Health Canada sent stakeholders informing them of the upcoming amendments to the federal directive, “sperm donors will instead be asked gender-neutral, sexual behaviour-based donor screening questions,” more in-line with the 2022 change made by Canadian Blood Services to its donation policy. 

However, instead of entirely eradicating restrictions for gay and bisexual men, lawyer Gregory Ko – whose client, Aziz M., brought the case – cautioned that Health Canada will continue to bar donations from those who have had new or multiple partners in the last three months, based on rules regarding anal sex. CTV News has agreed to protect the full identity of Aziz M. out of concerns for his privacy.

Ko said while the update is an important milestone, his client intends to maintain his challenge against the Health Canada directive, “and the continued discrimination contained in this latest revision.”

“Based on our understanding of the science, there is no scientific justification for screening criteria that continues to discriminate on the basis of sexual activity and sexual orientation, since the testing and quarantine protocols already in place allow sperm banks to detect relevant infections and exclude such donations,” Ko said.

Currently, a Health Canada directive prohibits gay and bisexual men from donating sperm to a sperm bank for general use, unless they’ve been abstinent for three months or are donating to someone they know.

For example, it stops any gay man who is sexually active from donating, even if they are in a long-term monogamous relationship.

Under the “Safety of Sperm and Ova Regulation,” sperm banks operating in Canada must deem these prospective donors “unsuitable,” despite all donations being subject to screening, testing and a six-month quarantine before they can be used.

While the directive does not mention transgender or non-binary donors, the policy also applies to individuals who may not identify as male but would be categorized as men under the directive.

It’s a blanket policy that the Toronto man bringing the lawsuit said made him feel like a “second-class citizen,” and goes to the heart of the many barriers that exist for LGBTQ2S+ Canadians looking to have children.

When CTV News first reported on the lawsuit, Health Canada and various federal ministers said they would be “exploring” a policy change, citing the progress made on blood donation rules.

The update comes following “the consultations held in August 2023 and January 2024,” according to Health Canada.

This is a breaking news story, more to come… 

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Gas prices: Why drivers in Eastern Canada could pay more – CTV News

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Drivers in Eastern Canada could see big increases in gas prices because of various factors, especially the higher cost of the summer blend, industry analysts say.

Patrick De Haan, head of petroleum analysis at fuel savings website GasBuddy in Chicago, predicts a big gas hike for the eastern portions of Canada including Ontario, Quebec, Newfoundland and Labrador, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia over the next several days, while some areas in the Maritimes have already seen the increases.

“Unfortunately, for … really a third of Canada, we’re likely to see a big jump in what (motorists) are seeing at the pump,” he said in a video interview with CTVNews.ca. “Gas prices could rise in excess of 10 cents a litre. All of that having to do with yesterday’s switchover to summer gasoline.”

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Gas prices may continue to increase for the next week or two, De Haan said. “But I think the end is near for the seasonal increases and we should start to see prices decreasing potentially by May (long weekend).”

Dan McTeague, president of Canadians for Affordable Energy, also forecasts gas price hikes.

Ontario and Quebec will see a 14-cent-per-litre increase overnight Thursday, he said on Wednesday. He predicts the price per litre will rise to $1.79 in cities across Ontario, the highest since Aug. 2, 2022. In Quebec, he expects the price per litre will increase to $1.88.

McTeague attributes this week’s increase to the higher cost of summer blended gasoline.

De Haan, meanwhile, observed the following changes in prices across Canada compared to a week ago:

  • Prices in Saskatchewan are flat;
  • Manitoba prices are up about a half a penny per litre;
  • Alberta is down seven-tenths of a penny per litre;
  • P.E.I. is up about 1.2 cents a litre;
  • B.C. is up about 2.5 cents a litre;
  • Nova Scotia is up three cents a litre;
  • Quebec is up 3.5 cents a litre;
  • Ontario is up 4.5 cents a litre;
  • New Brunswick is up five cents a litre;
  • Newfoundland is up seven cents a litre.

Factors behind spikes

“Some gas stations have already raised their price, in essence, but some others may not for the next day or two,” De Haan said. “So over the next several days, the averages will continue to rise as more stations raise their price. … Most of the increase is happening right now in the eastern portions of Canada.”

The summer gas switch will have “just a one-time impact” on gas prices, De Haan said.

More drivers are on the road, creating rising demand for gas as temperatures warm up, and refiners are wrapping up maintenance ahead of the start of the summer driving season. “While they do that maintenance, they’re generally not able to supply as much gasoline into the market,” De Haan explained.

Despite tensions between Iran and Israel, the recent attack has had “little impact” on the price of oil, De Haan said.

“Last week, oil prices did climb to their highest level (in) six months as Iran suggested it was going to attack Israel,” he said. “Now that those attacks have happened and they largely have been unsuccessful, the price of oil is actually declining.”

Third major spike in 2024

Michael Manjuris, professor and chair of global management studies at Toronto Metropolitan University, said the new gas price increase would be the third major spike across Canada since the start of the year.

One factor is the price of crude oil worldwide has risen 15 per cent since Jan. 1, Manjuris said.

The federal carbon tax increase of about 3.3 cents per litre on April 1 is also another reason for the big jolts in gas prices, he added.

Although the switch to summer blend fuels typically happens every year, Manjuris said, it will be more painful economically because it’s on top of the two other major increases this year. “This increase now will cause the overall price of gasoline to be very high,” he said in a video interview with CTVNews.ca. “We haven’t seen these kinds of prices since 2022.”

Manjuris believes gas prices will continue to rise through the summer as global demand for oil begins to grow. “That’s because we’re seeing increased economic activity in China, in the United States and in Europe,” he explained. “When those things all come together, price of crude oil starts to go up. … So I’m predicting that because of demand increasing, price of gasoline in Canada will also go up in the summer months. I’m going to suggest three to five cents a litre will be the peak before it starts to come back down.”

Regional differences

The West Coast and Prairies won’t have any gas price hikes coming soon because they already transitioned to summer gasoline, De Haan said. “So this is something associated with the switchover, which happens last in the eastern parts of Canada,” he explained.

In addition, he said regions have “subtle differences” in their supplies of gasoline.

“Supplies of winter gasoline in the eastern portions of Canada was rather lavish and so discounts were significant,” he said. “But now that the eastern part of Canada is rolling over to relatively tight supplies of summer gasoline, this is something much more impactful. That is other areas of Canada did roll over to summer gasoline, but they did not have necessarily the big discounts that would associate with the big price swing that we’re seeing.”

With files from CP24.com Journalist Codi Wilson

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