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What is Dark Money in Politics?

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“Dark Money” might sound like the name of a fictional spy thriller, but in the world of politics, it has a very real and often controversial impact on elections — including this year, ahead of the 2022 midterm elections.

The term “dark money” refers to political spending in which the funding source is not disclosed. Like all political contributions, it is designed to influence policies, party platforms and electoral outcomes.

Dark money groups spent about $1 billion to influence elections in the decade since the 2010 Citizens United v. FEC Supreme Court ruling that helped boost politically active nonprofits, according to Open Secrets, a nonprofit and non-partisan research group that tracks political spending in the United States. Most of that money went to TV and online ads and mailers.

Not everybody is happy about all that dark money pouring into the political system. The Campaign Legal Center (CLC), a nonpartisan organization that advocates for all voters to “meaningfully participate” in the democratic process, said on its website that “voters have a right to know who is trying to influence their vote and who is working to influence” the government.

“Transparency about the sources of funding for our elections and candidates and how that money is spent is central to the free and fair functioning of our democracy,” the CLC said. “Increasingly, however, our elections are being drowned in secret spending — spending where the true source (who is spending the money) is unknown.”

Dark money typically enters elections through secret donations that are routed through 501(c)(4) social welfare organizations or 501(c)(6) trade associations, according to the CLC. They are named after the sections of the Internal Revenue Code that grant tax exempt status to organizations.

As Open Secrets noted, groups such as 501(c)(4)s are “generally under no legal obligation to disclose their donors even if they spend to influence elections.” Those that choose not to reveal their sources of funding are considered dark money groups.

Many organizations can operate in the world of political dark money, including Super Political Action Committees (Super PACs), Hybrid PACs, Limited Liability Companies (LLCs) and shell companies.

“Opaque” nonprofits and shell companies can give unlimited amounts of money to Super PACs, according to Open Secrets. It said that although Super PACs are legally required to disclose their donors, some of these groups “are effectively dark money outlets” when the bulk of their funding can’t be traced back to the original donor.

According to the CLC, many of these groups also have “vaguely defined” limits on how much election-related activity they can engage in, although these limits are “virtually never enforced” by federal regulators.

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Many organizations and lawmakers have tried to push back against dark money in politics, but so far their efforts haven’t had much impact. That’s the case even as the U.S. Supreme Court “has consistently upheld political disclosure laws, explicitly acknowledging that political transparency is essential for meaningful participation in our system of democratic self-governance,” according to the CLC.

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Youri Chassin quits CAQ to sit as Independent, second member to leave this month

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Quebec legislature member Youri Chassin has announced he’s leaving the Coalition Avenir Québec government to sit as an Independent.

He announced the decision shortly after writing an open letter criticizing Premier François Legault’s government for abandoning its principles of smaller government.

In the letter published in Le Journal de Montréal and Le Journal de Québec, Chassin accused the party of falling back on what he called the old formula of throwing money at problems instead of looking to do things differently.

Chassin says public services are more fragile than ever, despite rising spending that pushed the province to a record $11-billion deficit projected in the last budget.

He is the second CAQ member to leave the party in a little more than one week, after economy and energy minister Pierre Fitzgibbon announced Sept. 4 he would leave because he lost motivation to do his job.

Chassin says he has no intention of joining another party and will instead sit as an Independent until the end of his term.

He has represented the Saint-Jérôme riding since the CAQ rose to power in 2018, but has not served in cabinet.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 12, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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‘I’m not going to listen to you’: Singh responds to Poilievre’s vote challenge

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MONTREAL – NDP Leader Jagmeet Singh says he will not be taking advice from Pierre Poilievre after the Conservative leader challenged him to bring down government.

“I say directly to Pierre Poilievre: I’m not going to listen to you,” said Singh on Wednesday, accusing Poilievre of wanting to take away dental-care coverage from Canadians, among other things.

“I’m not going to listen to your advice. You want to destroy people’s lives, I want to build up a brighter future.”

Earlier in the day, Poilievre challenged Singh to commit to voting non-confidence in the government, saying his party will force a vote in the House of Commons “at the earliest possibly opportunity.”

“I’m asking Jagmeet Singh and the NDP to commit unequivocally before Monday’s byelections: will they vote non-confidence to bring down the costly coalition and trigger a carbon tax election, or will Jagmeet Singh sell out Canadians again?” Poilievre said.

“It’s put up or shut up time for the NDP.”

While Singh rejected the idea he would ever listen to Poilievre, he did not say how the NDP would vote on a non-confidence motion.

“I’ve said on any vote, we’re going to look at the vote and we’ll make our decision. I’m not going to say our decision ahead of time,” he said.

Singh’s top adviser said on Tuesday the NDP leader is not particularly eager to trigger an election, even as the Conservatives challenge him to do just that.

Anne McGrath, Singh’s principal secretary, says there will be more volatility in Parliament and the odds of an early election have risen.

“I don’t think he is anxious to launch one, or chomping at the bit to have one, but it can happen,” she said in an interview.

New Democrat MPs are in a second day of meetings in Montreal as they nail down a plan for how to navigate the minority Parliament this fall.

The caucus retreat comes one week after Singh announced the party has left the supply-and-confidence agreement with the governing Liberals.

It’s also taking place in the very city where New Democrats are hoping to pick up a seat on Monday, when voters go to the polls in Montreal’s LaSalle—Émard—Verdun. A second byelection is being held that day in the Winnipeg riding of Elmwood—Transcona, where the NDP is hoping to hold onto a seat the Conservatives are also vying for.

While New Democrats are seeking to distance themselves from the Liberals, they don’t appear ready to trigger a general election.

Singh signalled on Tuesday that he will have more to say Wednesday about the party’s strategy for the upcoming sitting.

He is hoping to convince Canadians that his party can defeat the federal Conservatives, who have been riding high in the polls over the last year.

Singh has attacked Poilievre as someone who would bring back Harper-style cuts to programs that Canadians rely on, including the national dental-care program that was part of the supply-and-confidence agreement.

The Canadian Press has asked Poilievre’s office whether the Conservative leader intends to keep the program in place, if he forms government after the next election.

With the return of Parliament just days away, the NDP is also keeping in mind how other parties will look to capitalize on the new makeup of the House of Commons.

The Bloc Québécois has already indicated that it’s written up a list of demands for the Liberals in exchange for support on votes.

The next federal election must take place by October 2025 at the latest.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 11, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Social media comments blocked: Montreal mayor says she won’t accept vulgar slurs

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Montreal Mayor Valérie Plante is defending her decision to turn off comments on her social media accounts — with an announcement on social media.

She posted screenshots to X this morning of vulgar names she’s been called on the platform, and says comments on her posts for months have been dominated by insults, to the point that she decided to block them.

Montreal’s Opposition leader and the Canadian Civil Liberties Association have criticized Plante for limiting freedom of expression by restricting comments on her X and Instagram accounts.

They say elected officials who use social media should be willing to hear from constituents on those platforms.

However, Plante says some people may believe there is a fundamental right to call someone offensive names and to normalize violence online, but she disagrees.

Her statement on X is closed to comments.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 11, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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