World’s oldest swimming jellyfish found in B.C.’s Burgess Shale | Canada News Media
Connect with us

Science

World’s oldest swimming jellyfish found in B.C.’s Burgess Shale

Published

 on

Scientists at the Royal Ontario Museum (ROM) say they have found the oldest swimming jellyfish in the world, encased in rock for over 505 million years, in a study released Wednesday by The Royal Society Publishing.

The researchers who discovered this feat of time travel have dubbed it the Burgess Shale jellyfish, or Burgessomedusa phasmiformis, for the region in B.C.’s Yoho National Park where it was found. The Burgess Shale is an important fossil deposit because of its remarkable ability to preserve soft-tissue, which allowed these jellyfish to survive through epochs.

Jellyfish are thought to be “one of the earliest animal groups to have ever evolved,” according to study co-author Joe Moysiuk, a University of Toronto Ph.D. candidate. But jellyfish fossils are notoriously hard to find, given they are roughly composed of 95 per cent water.

This discovery leaves “no doubt” that jellyfish have been swimming around since the Cambrian period, Moysiuk said in a ROM news release, when an “explosion” of diverse species burst onto the evolutionary scene.

“Finding such incredibly delicate animals preserved in rock layers on top of these mountains is such a wonderous discovery,” said co-author, Dr. Jean-Bernard Caron, a ROM curator of invertebrate paleontology. “This adds yet another remarkable lineage of animals that the Burgess Shale has preserved chronicling the evolution of life on Earth.”

The ROM has about 200 specimens of Burgessomedusa phasmiformis in its archive, which were collected during the late 1980s and 1990s on a series of expeditions to the Burgess Shale.

“This is a study that has been in the works … for a long time,” Moysiuk told the Canadian Press.

More on Science and Tech

After collecting dust on a shelf in the ROM for decades, Moysiuk said his lab mate, Justin Moon, who is lead author of the paper, decided to dig into their origin.

“This was part of his PhD research and I got to help him out,” he said.

The jellyfish fossils retain remarkable details about the species’ anatomy. The 500-million-year-old animal has that same familiar “blobby body with a series of tentacles” that you’d recognize in modern jellyfish, Moysiuk said.

The specimens were around 20 centimetres in length and had about 90 short, stubby tentacles. The researchers say the jellies would have been capable of free-swimming and its tentacles would have enabled them to capture sizeable prey.

These ancient jellyfish also share another interesting evolutionary feature with modern jellyfish, as Moysiuk explains.

“The jellyfish group has evolved this innovation where they undergo this two-part life cycle,” he said. “For the first part of their life, they look a little bit like an anemone sitting on the sea floor and then they undergo this metamorphosis and turn into the things that we commonly think of when we think of jellyfish.

“This discovery is showing us that this evolutionary innovation was already present half a billion years ago in the Cambrian,” Moysiuk told the Canadian Press.


File – digital illustration of the life cycle of a jellyfish.


Dorling Kindersley/Getty Images

The Burgess Shale fossil sites are located in the Rocky Mountains within Yoho and Kootenay National Parks, and are managed by Parks Canada. The region was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980 and is world-renowned for its wealth of Cambrian fossils.

Source link

Continue Reading

Science

The body of a Ugandan Olympic athlete who was set on fire by her partner is received by family

Published

 on

 

NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) — The body of Ugandan Olympic athlete Rebecca Cheptegei — who died after being set on fire by her partner in Kenya — was received Friday by family and anti-femicide crusaders, ahead of her burial a day later.

Cheptegei’s family met with dozens of activists Friday who had marched to the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital’s morgue in the western city of Eldoret while chanting anti-femicide slogans.

She is the fourth female athlete to have been killed by her partner in Kenya in yet another case of gender-based violence in recent years.

Viola Cheptoo, the founder of Tirop Angels – an organization that was formed in honor of athlete Agnes Tirop, who was stabbed to death in 2021, said stakeholders need to ensure this is the last death of an athlete due to gender-based violence.

“We are here to say that enough is enough, we are tired of burying our sisters due to GBV,” she said.

It was a somber mood at the morgue as athletes and family members viewed Cheptegei’s body which sustained 80% of burns after she was doused with gasoline by her partner Dickson Ndiema. Ndiema sustained 30% burns on his body and later succumbed.

Ndiema and Cheptegei were said to have quarreled over a piece of land that the athlete bought in Kenya, according to a report filed by the local chief.

Cheptegei competed in the women’s marathon at the Paris Olympics less than a month before the attack. She finished in 44th place.

Cheptegei’s father, Joseph, said that the body will make a brief stop at their home in the Endebess area before proceeding to Bukwo in eastern Uganda for a night vigil and burial on Saturday.

“We are in the final part of giving my daughter the last respect,” a visibly distraught Joseph said.

He told reporters last week that Ndiema was stalking and threatening Cheptegei and the family had informed police.

Kenya’s high rates of violence against women have prompted marches by ordinary citizens in towns and cities this year.

Four in 10 women or an estimated 41% of dating or married Kenyan women have experienced physical or sexual violence perpetrated by their current or most recent partner, according to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2022.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

Source link

Continue Reading

News

The ancient jar smashed by a 4-year-old is back on display at an Israeli museum after repair

Published

 on

 

TEL AVIV, Israel (AP) — A rare Bronze-Era jar accidentally smashed by a 4-year-old visiting a museum was back on display Wednesday after restoration experts were able to carefully piece the artifact back together.

Last month, a family from northern Israel was visiting the museum when their youngest son tipped over the jar, which smashed into pieces.

Alex Geller, the boy’s father, said his son — the youngest of three — is exceptionally curious, and that the moment he heard the crash, “please let that not be my child” was the first thought that raced through his head.

The jar has been on display at the Hecht Museum in Haifa for 35 years. It was one of the only containers of its size and from that period still complete when it was discovered.

The Bronze Age jar is one of many artifacts exhibited out in the open, part of the Hecht Museum’s vision of letting visitors explore history without glass barriers, said Inbal Rivlin, the director of the museum, which is associated with Haifa University in northern Israel.

It was likely used to hold wine or oil, and dates back to between 2200 and 1500 B.C.

Rivlin and the museum decided to turn the moment, which captured international attention, into a teaching moment, inviting the Geller family back for a special visit and hands-on activity to illustrate the restoration process.

Rivlin added that the incident provided a welcome distraction from the ongoing war in Gaza. “Well, he’s just a kid. So I think that somehow it touches the heart of the people in Israel and around the world,“ said Rivlin.

Roee Shafir, a restoration expert at the museum, said the repairs would be fairly simple, as the pieces were from a single, complete jar. Archaeologists often face the more daunting task of sifting through piles of shards from multiple objects and trying to piece them together.

Experts used 3D technology, hi-resolution videos, and special glue to painstakingly reconstruct the large jar.

Less than two weeks after it broke, the jar went back on display at the museum. The gluing process left small hairline cracks, and a few pieces are missing, but the jar’s impressive size remains.

The only noticeable difference in the exhibit was a new sign reading “please don’t touch.”

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

Source link

Continue Reading

News

B.C. sets up a panel on bear deaths, will review conservation officer training

Published

 on

 

VICTORIA – The British Columbia government is partnering with a bear welfare group to reduce the number of bears being euthanized in the province.

Nicholas Scapillati, executive director of Grizzly Bear Foundation, said Monday that it comes after months-long discussions with the province on how to protect bears, with the goal to give the animals a “better and second chance at life in the wild.”

Scapillati said what’s exciting about the project is that the government is open to working with outside experts and the public.

“So, they’ll be working through Indigenous knowledge and scientific understanding, bringing in the latest techniques and training expertise from leading experts,” he said in an interview.

B.C. government data show conservation officers destroyed 603 black bears and 23 grizzly bears in 2023, while 154 black bears were killed by officers in the first six months of this year.

Scapillati said the group will publish a report with recommendations by next spring, while an independent oversight committee will be set up to review all bear encounters with conservation officers to provide advice to the government.

Environment Minister George Heyman said in a statement that they are looking for new ways to ensure conservation officers “have the trust of the communities they serve,” and the panel will make recommendations to enhance officer training and improve policies.

Lesley Fox, with the wildlife protection group The Fur-Bearers, said they’ve been calling for such a committee for decades.

“This move demonstrates the government is listening,” said Fox. “I suspect, because of the impending election, their listening skills are potentially a little sharper than they normally are.”

Fox said the partnership came from “a place of long frustration” as provincial conservation officers kill more than 500 black bears every year on average, and the public is “no longer tolerating this kind of approach.”

“I think that the conservation officer service and the B.C. government are aware they need to change, and certainly the public has been asking for it,” said Fox.

Fox said there’s a lot of optimism about the new partnership, but, as with any government, there will likely be a lot of red tape to get through.

“I think speed is going to be important, whether or not the committee has the ability to make change and make change relatively quickly without having to study an issue to death, ” said Fox.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 9, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

Source link

Continue Reading

Trending

Exit mobile version