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Worth a shot? How one-dose COVID jab could help in pandemic fight – Al Jazeera English

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A vaccine developed by Johnson & Johnson is close to becoming the first single-dose COVID-19 shot to be approved by regulators in the United States, a key first step towards international approval of a jab that could change how vaccines are administered globally.

The drug company filed an application on Thursday to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) after preliminary clinical trial results showed it was 66-percent effective overall and offered 85-percent protection against severe illness 28 days after inoculation.

The FDA has scheduled a meeting for February 26 to discuss the data and decide whether to grant emergency use authorisation. The vaccine is also being reviewed by health authorities around the world.

If approved by the US regulator, the company plans to apply for international approvals, something experts say could boost the global vaccination campaign, which has stalled in some regions as manufacturers reported supply chain issues.

What are the advantages of the Johnson & Johnson shot?

The Johnson & Johnson shot’s efficacy rate is lower than the two other vaccines from Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna, which showed 95-percent and 94-percent efficacy respectively.

Unlike the other two vaccines though, it does not require a second dose, which would simplify logistical challenges in the roll-out.

“It’s a very positive development because it is a single dose and can be transported, and stored, in normal temperature so operationally and logistically it is a game-changer,” said the World Health Organization’s chief scientist Soumya Swaminathan.

The vaccine can be kept in regular refrigerators between 2C and 8C (36 F and 46 F) for three months, compared with other vaccines that need to be kept at ultra-cold temperatures. This could aid distribution in rural and remote populations.

“And the higher the number of people we vaccinate, the easier it is to cover the effect of new variants,” Swaminathan added.

Does it work against new variants?

Viruses mutate regularly when they replicate in order to spread and thrive, and the coronavirus has undergone many mutations since it was first discovered in the Chinese city of Wuhan in late 2019.

“When a virus replicates itself, it can make ‘errors’ generating new variants that could spread faster or have a higher mortality rate,” said Zoltan Kis, Research Associate at the Future Vaccine Manufacturing Hub at Imperial College London.

In the worst case scenario, Kis explained, you can have a variant that is so different from the original copy that it requires a new vaccine.

Scientists have identified new variants in the United Kingdom, Brazil and South Africa in recent months which appear to be more transmissible than previous variants of the virus.

The clinical trials of the Johnson & Johnson vaccine that were carried out in the United States, Latin America and South Africa showed an efficacy rate against moderate to severe infection of 72 percent, 66 percent and 57 percent, respectively.

The drop in efficacy in the South Africa trial, which has been seen with other vaccines, is linked to a new strain of the virus, the B.1.351, which appears to be more resistant to the body’s antibody response. Still, the one-shot vaccine offered high protection against severe illness in the South African trial.

How does the vaccine work?

The Johnson & Johnson shot uses a viral vector to carry the coronavirus’s genetic code into the body. This trains the body’s immune system to produce the coronavirus spike protein, so that it knows how to fight it once it encounters the virus for real.

To trigger the same mechanism, vaccines such as Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna advanced mRNA technology, which had not been used in vaccines before the pandemic.

As scientists look to produce new vaccines to combat the new variants, the mRNA technology could have an advantage as it is more adaptable and can be more easily reconfigured to transmit different genetic instructions to the body.

Supply agreements

One Johnson & Johnson shot will cost $10 as the company has pledged to provide the jab on a “not-for-profit basis” throughout the pandemic.

Pending regulatory approval, the company has agreed to provide up to 500 million doses to COVAX, an international partnership that aims to guarantee access to vaccines for lower-income countries, through the end of 2022.

It has also struck agreements to deliver 100 million doses to the US, 30 million to the UK and 200 million to the European Union.

“The challenge now for all manufacturing companies is that they made so many commitments to mainly high-income countries that are now struggling to provide a dose to everybody, including COVAX,” said WHO’s Swaminathan.

The WHO is therefore pushing other countries to let Johnson & Johnson, as well as other major vaccine manufacturing companies, supply COVAX first.

“We would like to see some consideration for equity,” said Swaminathan, noting that countries such as the US and Canada have ordered enough doses of other vaccines to cover their population.

On Thursday, the UN health agency reported that more than three-quarters of global inoculations have taken place in 10 countries that account for almost 60 percent of the world’s gross domestic product (GDP), while 2.5 billion people living in 130 countries are yet to receive a single dose.

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Telus prioritizing ‘most important customers,’ avoiding ‘unprofitable’ offers: CFO

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Telus Corp. says it is avoiding offering “unprofitable” discounts as fierce competition in the Canadian telecommunications sector shows no sign of slowing down.

The company said Friday it had fewer net new customers during its third quarter compared with the same time last year, as it copes with increasingly “aggressive marketing and promotional pricing” that is prompting more customers to switch providers.

Telus said it added 347,000 net new customers, down around 14.5 per cent compared with last year. The figure includes 130,000 mobile phone subscribers and 34,000 internet customers, down 30,000 and 3,000, respectively, year-over-year.

The company reported its mobile phone churn rate — a metric measuring subscribers who cancelled their services — was 1.09 per cent in the third quarter, up from 1.03 per cent in the third quarter of 2023. That included a postpaid mobile phone churn rate of 0.90 per cent in its latest quarter.

Telus said its focus is on customer retention through its “industry-leading service and network quality, along with successful promotions and bundled offerings.”

“The customers we have are the most important customers we can get,” said chief financial officer Doug French in an interview.

“We’ve, again, just continued to focus on what matters most to our customers, from a product and customer service perspective, while not loading unprofitable customers.”

Meanwhile, Telus reported its net income attributable to common shares more than doubled during its third quarter.

The telecommunications company said it earned $280 million, up 105.9 per cent from the same three-month period in 2023. Earnings per diluted share for the quarter ended Sept. 30 was 19 cents compared with nine cents a year earlier.

It reported adjusted net income was $413 million, up 10.7 per cent year-over-year from $373 million in the same quarter last year. Operating revenue and other income for the quarter was $5.1 billion, up 1.8 per cent from the previous year.

Mobile phone average revenue per user was $58.85 in the third quarter, a decrease of $2.09 or 3.4 per cent from a year ago. Telus said the drop was attributable to customers signing up for base rate plans with lower prices, along with a decline in overage and roaming revenues.

It said customers are increasingly adopting unlimited data and Canada-U.S. plans which provide higher and more stable ARPU on a monthly basis.

“In a tough operating environment and relative to peers, we view Q3 results that were in line to slightly better than forecast as the best of the bunch,” said RBC analyst Drew McReynolds in a note.

Scotiabank analyst Maher Yaghi added that “the telecom industry in Canada remains very challenging for all players, however, Telus has been able to face these pressures” and still deliver growth.

The Big 3 telecom providers — which also include Rogers Communications Inc. and BCE Inc. — have frequently stressed that the market has grown more competitive in recent years, especially after the closing of Quebecor Inc.’s purchase of Freedom Mobile in April 2023.

Hailed as a fourth national carrier, Quebecor has invested in enhancements to Freedom’s network while offering more affordable plans as part of a set of commitments it was mandated by Ottawa to agree to.

The cost of telephone services in September was down eight per cent compared with a year earlier, according to Statistics Canada’s most recent inflation report last month.

“I think competition has been and continues to be, I’d say, quite intense in Canada, and we’ve obviously had to just manage our business the way we see fit,” said French.

Asked how long that environment could last, he said that’s out of Telus’ hands.

“What I can control, though, is how we go to market and how we lead with our products,” he said.

“I think the conditions within the market will have to adjust accordingly over time. We’ve continued to focus on digitization, continued to bring our cost structure down to compete, irrespective of the price and the current market conditions.”

Still, Canada’s telecom regulator continues to warn providers about customers facing more charges on their cellphone and internet bills.

On Tuesday, CRTC vice-president of consumer, analytics and strategy Scott Hutton called on providers to ensure they clearly inform their customers of charges such as early cancellation fees.

That followed statements from the regulator in recent weeks cautioning against rising international roaming fees and “surprise” price increases being found on their bills.

Hutton said the CRTC plans to launch public consultations in the coming weeks that will focus “on ensuring that information is clear and consistent, making it easier to compare offers and switch services or providers.”

“The CRTC is concerned with recent trends, which suggest that Canadians may not be benefiting from the full protections of our codes,” he said.

“We will continue to monitor developments and will take further action if our codes are not being followed.”

French said any initiative to boost transparency is a step in the right direction.

“I can’t say we are perfect across the board, but what I can say is we are absolutely taking it under consideration and trying to be the best at communicating with our customers,” he said.

“I think everyone looking in the mirror would say there’s room for improvement.”

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 8, 2024.

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TC Energy cuts cost estimate for Southeast Gateway pipeline project in Mexico

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CALGARY – TC Energy Corp. has lowered the estimated cost of its Southeast Gateway pipeline project in Mexico.

It says it now expects the project to cost between US$3.9 billion and US$4.1 billion compared with its original estimate of US$4.5 billion.

The change came as the company reported a third-quarter profit attributable to common shareholders of C$1.46 billion or $1.40 per share compared with a loss of C$197 million or 19 cents per share in the same quarter last year.

Revenue for the quarter ended Sept. 30 totalled C$4.08 billion, up from C$3.94 billion in the third quarter of 2023.

TC Energy says its comparable earnings for its latest quarter amounted to C$1.03 per share compared with C$1.00 per share a year earlier.

The average analyst estimate had been for a profit of 95 cents per share, according to LSEG Data & Analytics.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 7, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:TRP)

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BCE reports Q3 loss on asset impairment charge, cuts revenue guidance

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BCE Inc. reported a loss in its latest quarter as it recorded $2.11 billion in asset impairment charges, mainly related to Bell Media’s TV and radio properties.

The company says its net loss attributable to common shareholders amounted to $1.24 billion or $1.36 per share for the quarter ended Sept. 30 compared with a profit of $640 million or 70 cents per share a year earlier.

On an adjusted basis, BCE says it earned 75 cents per share in its latest quarter compared with an adjusted profit of 81 cents per share in the same quarter last year.

“Bell’s results for the third quarter demonstrate that we are disciplined in our pursuit of profitable growth in an intensely competitive environment,” BCE chief executive Mirko Bibic said in a statement.

“Our focus this quarter, and throughout 2024, has been to attract higher-margin subscribers and reduce costs to help offset short-term revenue impacts from sustained competitive pricing pressures, slow economic growth and a media advertising market that is in transition.”

Operating revenue for the quarter totalled $5.97 billion, down from $6.08 billion in its third quarter of 2023.

BCE also said it now expects its revenue for 2024 to fall about 1.5 per cent compared with earlier guidance for an increase of zero to four per cent.

The company says the change comes as it faces lower-than-anticipated wireless product revenue and sustained pressure on wireless prices.

BCE added 33,111 net postpaid mobile phone subscribers, down 76.8 per cent from the same period last year, which was the company’s second-best performance on the metric since 2010.

It says the drop was driven by higher customer churn — a measure of subscribers who cancelled their service — amid greater competitive activity and promotional offer intensity. BCE’s monthly churn rate for the category was 1.28 per cent, up from 1.1 per cent during its previous third quarter.

The company also saw 11.6 per cent fewer gross subscriber activations “due to more targeted promotional offers and mobile device discounting compared to last year.”

Bell’s wireless mobile phone average revenue per user was $58.26, down 3.4 per cent from $60.28 in the third quarter of the prior year.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 7, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:BCE)

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