adplus-dvertising
Connect with us

Investment

What Is the Investment Canada Act (ICA)?

Published

 on

financial institutions

The Investment Canada Act (ICA) refers to a Canadian law that regulates direct investment in the country by foreigners. The Act covers foreign ownership of new and existing businesses within the country. Under the law, any non-Canadians who wish to make a direct investment in the country must submit a notice or application for review. The law was passed in 1985 and has been updated several times since then. The Act was intended to signal Canada’s openness to new foreign direct investment (FDI).

Understanding the Investment Canada Act (ICA)

The Investment Canada Act was established in 1985 and replaced the Foreign Investment Review Act. The new law was signed by the federal Progressive Conservative government led by then-Prime Minister Brian Mulroney.1https://cf4ca6b047d93df49d496a301ce01d2c.safeframe.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-38/html/container.html

The ICA allows the government to review significant investments made by foreign parties within the country. It also recognizes that these investments benefit the country and its national security.2 This ensures that foreign investment not only advances Canada’s economic growth but also encourages the expansion of the national job market.

As mentioned above, foreign parties interested must file a notice or application before they intend to make direct investments in Canada. Notices are filed every time someone wishes to start a new venture or whenever someone acquires a business in Canada. An application for review must be submitted whenever the value of an acquired business either meets or exceeds the thresholds set out by the Act.3

The Act’s Limits on Foreign Direct Investment

person holding blue ballpoint pen on white notebook
Photo by Lukas on Pexels.com

The Act put thresholds in place to keep Canadian interests front and center of the investment industry. As such, the Act specifies the following limits for FDI for review for 2021:


  • Investments through private sector trade agreements: $1.565 billion in enterprise value
  • World Trade Organization (WTO) investments by state-owned enterprises: $415 million in asset value
  • Investments in cultural businesses and non-WTO investments: $5 million in asset value (direct investments) and $50 million (indirect transactions)34

Investment values are calculated by either asset value or enterprise value. The former represents the value of assets according to a company’s financial statements while the latter accounts for a corporation’s cash, debt, and market value.5 Investments may be rejected if they do not meet threshold requirements or do not benefit the Canadian public.

Innovation, Science, and Economic Development Canada is the federal agency responsible for administering the Investment Canada Act.6

Special Considerations

The government of Canada reported 962 notifications and applications filed by non-Canadians that were approved in the 2018-2019 fiscal year. The total asset value for these investments totaled $41.24 billion while enterprise value investments reached $84.73 billion. Under the ICA, 45% of investments were measured by asset value while the remaining 55% fell into the enterprise value category.5 This dropped from the 2019-20 fiscal year, which recorded 21 notifications submitted to the Department of Canadian Heritage.7

Criticism of the Investment Canada Act (ICA)

Like any legislation that is meant to encourage foreign investment, the ICA is not without its fair share of criticism. Although many countries actively seek investment from external parties to support economic development, these investments may result in destabilizing economic or political environments. For example, certain vital strategic elements such as national security can be undermined by greater access to foreign investment vehicles.

Another common drawback to increased FDI is the idea of hot money. Hot money includes the destabilizing effects of a flood of money into and out of a country. As money rushes in, many projects become wasteful and frivolous. That’s because their primary purpose isn’t long-term or economic in nature. When money rushes out, it leaves fragile economies prone to greater instability or crises.

Furthermore, even though the Act isn’t used to formally block takeover bids and investment in Canadian entities, its vague mandate does enable diplomats, public representatives, and civil servants to informally dissuade investors at times. This creates a sense of government risk among foreign investment analysts, but the scale of impact is difficult to measure and ascertain.

Economy

S&P/TSX gains almost 100 points, U.S. markets also higher ahead of rate decision

Published

 on

 

TORONTO – Strength in the base metal and technology sectors helped Canada’s main stock index gain almost 100 points on Friday, while U.S. stock markets climbed to their best week of the year.

“It’s been almost a complete opposite or retracement of what we saw last week,” said Philip Petursson, chief investment strategist at IG Wealth Management.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 297.01 points at 41,393.78. The S&P 500 index was up 30.26 points at 5,626.02, while the Nasdaq composite was up 114.30 points at 17,683.98.

The S&P/TSX composite index closed up 93.51 points at 23,568.65.

While last week saw a “healthy” pullback on weaker economic data, this week investors appeared to be buying the dip and hoping the central bank “comes to the rescue,” said Petursson.

Next week, the U.S. Federal Reserve is widely expected to cut its key interest rate for the first time in several years after it significantly hiked it to fight inflation.

But the magnitude of that first cut has been the subject of debate, and the market appears split on whether the cut will be a quarter of a percentage point or a larger half-point reduction.

Petursson thinks it’s clear the smaller cut is coming. Economic data recently hasn’t been great, but it hasn’t been that bad either, he said — and inflation may have come down significantly, but it’s not defeated just yet.

“I think they’re going to be very steady,” he said, with one small cut at each of their three decisions scheduled for the rest of 2024, and more into 2025.

“I don’t think there’s a sense of urgency on the part of the Fed that they have to do something immediately.

A larger cut could also send the wrong message to the markets, added Petursson: that the Fed made a mistake in waiting this long to cut, or that it’s seeing concerning signs in the economy.

It would also be “counter to what they’ve signaled,” he said.

More important than the cut — other than the new tone it sets — will be what Fed chair Jerome Powell has to say, according to Petursson.

“That’s going to be more important than the size of the cut itself,” he said.

In Canada, where the central bank has already cut three times, Petursson expects two more before the year is through.

“Here, the labour situation is worse than what we see in the United States,” he said.

The Canadian dollar traded for 73.61 cents US compared with 73.58 cents US on Thursday.

The October crude oil contract was down 32 cents at US$68.65 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was down five cents at US$2.31 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was up US$30.10 at US$2,610.70 an ounce and the December copper contract was up four cents US$4.24 a pound.

— With files from The Associated Press

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 13, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

Source link

Continue Reading

Economy

S&P/TSX composite down more than 200 points, U.S. stock markets also fall

Published

 on

 

TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index was down more than 200 points in late-morning trading, weighed down by losses in the technology, base metal and energy sectors, while U.S. stock markets also fell.

The S&P/TSX composite index was down 239.24 points at 22,749.04.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was down 312.36 points at 40,443.39. The S&P 500 index was down 80.94 points at 5,422.47, while the Nasdaq composite was down 380.17 points at 16,747.49.

The Canadian dollar traded for 73.80 cents US compared with 74.00 cents US on Thursday.

The October crude oil contract was down US$1.07 at US$68.08 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was up less than a penny at US$2.26 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was down US$2.10 at US$2,541.00 an ounce and the December copper contract was down four cents at US$4.10 a pound.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 6, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

Source link

Continue Reading

Economy

S&P/TSX composite up more than 150 points, U.S. stock markets also higher

Published

 on

 

TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index was up more than 150 points in late-morning trading, helped by strength in technology, financial and energy stocks, while U.S. stock markets also pushed higher.

The S&P/TSX composite index was up 171.41 points at 23,298.39.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 278.37 points at 41,369.79. The S&P 500 index was up 38.17 points at 5,630.35, while the Nasdaq composite was up 177.15 points at 17,733.18.

The Canadian dollar traded for 74.19 cents US compared with 74.23 cents US on Wednesday.

The October crude oil contract was up US$1.75 at US$76.27 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was up less than a penny at US$2.10 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was up US$18.70 at US$2,556.50 an ounce and the December copper contract was down less than a penny at US$4.22 a pound.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Aug. 29, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

Source link

Continue Reading

Trending