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Apple Will Keep Clarifying This CSAM Mess Until Morale Improves – Gizmodo

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Photo: Mladen Antonov/AFP (Getty Images)

Last week, Apple announced new tools to detect and report child pornography and sexually explicit materials. It’s a noble mission and no one’s going to argue against catching child predators. That said, the rollout has turned into a debacle of epic proportions.

The controversy centers around two features Apple says it will deploy later this year in iOS 15 and iPadOS 15. The first involves scanning photos that have been shared to iCloud for child sex abuse materials (CSAM). The second involves scanning messages sent to and from children’s accounts to stop them from sharing explicit images. (If you want a more detailed dive into how these features work, you can read more here.)

As soon as these two features were announced, privacy and security experts sounded the alarm that, however well-intentioned, Apple was building a “backdoor” that could be misused by police or governments and create new risks. Apple replied with a lengthy FAQ. Thousands have since signed an open letter asking Apple to halt its work on the features and reaffirm its commitment to end-to-end encryption and user privacy. Yesterday, a Reuters report claimed that internally, Apple employees are also raising concerns. In a bid to calm fears, the company also promised that it wouldn’t allow governments to abuse its CSAM tools as a surveillance weapon. Today, Apple has yet again released another PDF titled “Security Threat Model Review of Apple’s Child Safety Features” in the hopes that further clarification may clear up “misunderstandings” about how this all works. (Spoiler: It won’t.)

This has been a public relations nightmare that is uncharacteristic for Apple. The company has gadget launches down to a science, and its events are always slick, well-produced affairs. After the backlash, Apple has quietly admitted that perhaps it hadn’t fully thought out its communication strategy for two complex tools and that perhaps everyone’s confused because it announced these two features simultaneously, despite the fact that they don’t work in the same way. It’s since launched an aggressive campaign to explain why its tools don’t pose a privacy and security threat. And yet journalists, experts, and advocacy groups remain befuddled. Hell, even Apple software chief Craig Federighi looked flustered while trying to break it all down for the Wall Street Journal. (And Federighi is normally a cool cucumber when it comes to telling us how it all “just works.”)

Some of the confusion swirls around whether Apple is scanning your actual iPhone for CSAM. According to Federighi, the answer is both yes and no. The scanning occurs during the iCloud upload process. Some of it happens on your phone, some of it happens in the cloud. There have also been questions as to how Apple figured out that the tools have an error rate of “one in 1 trillion.” It appears that answer boils down to advanced math. In all seriousness, Apple says it made its calculations using the most conservative parameters possible but it doesn’t answer the original question: Why should we trust that number? Apple also set its reporting threshold to 30 CSAM-matched images, which feels like an arbitrary number, and the company didn’t have an answer as to why that is beyond the fact that child predators purportedly have a much higher number of CSAM images.

In a briefing today with reporters, Apple tried to give further assurances its tools have simply been mischaracterized. For instance, it said its CSAM hash database would be created from an intersection of hashes given by two or more child safety organizations operating in separate sovereign jurisdictions. Or basically, the hashes won’t be provided by any one government. It also said there would be no automated reporting, and that it was aware it would have to expand the number of employees on its human review team. Apple also said it would maintain a public list of root hashes of every encrypted CSAM database shipping in every OS that supports the feature. Third-party auditors for each version of the database are more than welcome. Apple also repeatedly stated that these tools aren’t set in stone. Things are still very much in the works, though Apple demurred on whether changes have been made since the brouhaha started.

This is the epitome of getting lost in the weeds. If you take a step back, all this conflict isn’t necessarily about the nuts and bolts of these tools (though, they should certainly be vigorously examined for weaknesses). The conflict is whether these tools should exist at all, and if Apple should be taken at its word when so many experts seem alarmed. What’s surprising is how Apple’s seemed to stumble at reassuring everyone that they can be trusted with this.

It’s too early to say which side will prevail, but this is how it’s all going to go down: Critics won’t stop pointing out how Apple is creating an infrastructure that can be abused, and Apple won’t stop trying to convince us all that these tools are safe, private, and accurate. One side will hammer the other into submission, or at least until they’re too tired to protest any further. The rest of us will remain utterly confused.

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Japan’s SoftBank returns to profit after gains at Vision Fund and other investments

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TOKYO (AP) — Japanese technology group SoftBank swung back to profitability in the July-September quarter, boosted by positive results in its Vision Fund investments.

Tokyo-based SoftBank Group Corp. reported Tuesday a fiscal second quarter profit of nearly 1.18 trillion yen ($7.7 billion), compared with a 931 billion yen loss in the year-earlier period.

Quarterly sales edged up about 6% to nearly 1.77 trillion yen ($11.5 billion).

SoftBank credited income from royalties and licensing related to its holdings in Arm, a computer chip-designing company, whose business spans smartphones, data centers, networking equipment, automotive, consumer electronic devices, and AI applications.

The results were also helped by the absence of losses related to SoftBank’s investment in office-space sharing venture WeWork, which hit the previous fiscal year.

WeWork, which filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in 2023, emerged from Chapter 11 in June.

SoftBank has benefitted in recent months from rising share prices in some investment, such as U.S.-based e-commerce company Coupang, Chinese mobility provider DiDi Global and Bytedance, the Chinese developer of TikTok.

SoftBank’s financial results tend to swing wildly, partly because of its sprawling investment portfolio that includes search engine Yahoo, Chinese retailer Alibaba, and artificial intelligence company Nvidia.

SoftBank makes investments in a variety of companies that it groups together in a series of Vision Funds.

The company’s founder, Masayoshi Son, is a pioneer in technology investment in Japan. SoftBank Group does not give earnings forecasts.

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Yuri Kageyama is on X:

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Trump campaign promises unlikely to harm entrepreneurship: Shopify CFO

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Shopify Inc. executives brushed off concerns that incoming U.S. President Donald Trump will be a major detriment to many of the company’s merchants.

“There’s nothing in what we’ve heard from Trump, nor would there have been anything from (Democratic candidate) Kamala (Harris), which we think impacts the overall state of new business formation and entrepreneurship,” Shopify’s chief financial officer Jeff Hoffmeister told analysts on a call Tuesday.

“We still feel really good about all the merchants out there, all the entrepreneurs that want to start new businesses and that’s obviously not going to change with the administration.”

Hoffmeister’s comments come a week after Trump, a Republican businessman, trounced Harris in an election that will soon return him to the Oval Office.

On the campaign trail, he threatened to impose tariffs of 60 per cent on imports from China and roughly 10 per cent to 20 per cent on goods from all other countries.

If the president-elect makes good on the promise, many worry the cost of operating will soar for companies, including customers of Shopify, which sells e-commerce software to small businesses but also brands as big as Kylie Cosmetics and Victoria’s Secret.

These merchants may feel they have no choice but to pass on the increases to customers, perhaps sparking more inflation.

If Trump’s tariffs do come to fruition, Shopify’s president Harley Finkelstein pointed out China is “not a huge area” for Shopify.

However, “we can’t anticipate what every presidential administration is going to do,” he cautioned.

He likened the uncertainty facing the business community to the COVID-19 pandemic where Shopify had to help companies migrate online.

“Our job is no matter what comes the way of our merchants, we provide them with tools and service and support for them to navigate it really well,” he said.

Finkelstein was questioned about the forthcoming U.S. leadership change on a call meant to delve into Shopify’s latest earnings, which sent shares soaring 27 per cent to $158.63 shortly after Tuesday’s market open.

The Ottawa-based company, which keeps its books in U.S. dollars, reported US$828 million in net income for its third quarter, up from US$718 million in the same quarter last year, as its revenue rose 26 per cent.

Revenue for the period ended Sept. 30 totalled US$2.16 billion, up from US$1.71 billion a year earlier.

Subscription solutions revenue reached US$610 million, up from US$486 million in the same quarter last year.

Merchant solutions revenue amounted to US$1.55 billion, up from US$1.23 billion.

Shopify’s net income excluding the impact of equity investments totalled US$344 million for the quarter, up from US$173 million in the same quarter last year.

Daniel Chan, a TD Cowen analyst, said the results show Shopify has a leadership position in the e-commerce world and “a continued ability to gain market share.”

In its outlook for its fourth quarter of 2024, the company said it expects revenue to grow at a mid-to-high-twenties percentage rate on a year-over-year basis.

“Q4 guidance suggests Shopify will finish the year strong, with better-than-expected revenue growth and operating margin,” Chan pointed out in a note to investors.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 12, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:SHOP)

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RioCan cuts nearly 10 per cent staff in efficiency push as condo market slows

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TORONTO – RioCan Real Estate Investment Trust says it has cut almost 10 per cent of its staff as it deals with a slowdown in the condo market and overall pushes for greater efficiency.

The company says the cuts, which amount to around 60 employees based on its last annual filing, will mean about $9 million in restructuring charges and should translate to about $8 million in annualized cash savings.

The job cuts come as RioCan and others scale back condo development plans as the market softens, but chief executive Jonathan Gitlin says the reductions were from a companywide efficiency effort.

RioCan says it doesn’t plan to start any new construction of mixed-use properties this year and well into 2025 as it adjusts to the shifting market demand.

The company reported a net income of $96.9 million in the third quarter, up from a loss of $73.5 million last year, as it saw a $159 million boost from a favourable change in the fair value of investment properties.

RioCan reported what it says is a record-breaking 97.8 per cent occupancy rate in the quarter including retail committed occupancy of 98.6 per cent.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 12, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:REI.UN)

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