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Has the FTX collapse killed effective altruism? Its intellectual father doesn’t think so

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For Australian philosopher Peter Singer, the fraud charges laid against Sam Bankman-Fried will not trigger a death blow for “effective altruism,” a philanthropic movement championed by the FTX cryptocurrency exchange founder.

“It may lead the movement to reconsider its relationship with billionaires and reconsider its relationship with crypto,” Singer, who some have labelled the “father of effective altruism,” said in an interview with CBC News.

“Is this going to do long-term reputational damage? I think the answer to that is no.”

But the arrest of Bankman-Fried — who U.S. federal prosecutors allege “devised a scheme and artifice to defraud FTX’s customers” — has sparked some speculation that the scandal could cause serious damage to the controversial effective altruism philanthropy movement. Bankman-Fried was also one of its largest donors, so that flow of funds has dried up.

Professor in collared shirt, surrounded by books.
Australian philosopher Peter Singer, whose work inspired the founder of the effective altruism movement, doesn’t think the charges laid against Bankman-Fried will trigger a death blow for the movement. (Princeton University)

Singer sees no “direct relationship” between what Bankman-Fried is accused of and effective altruism. But the scandal has definitely raised questions as to what links there are to Bankman-Fried’s alleged conduct and the movement itself.

‘Damaging for effective altruism’

The founder and director of the U.K.-based think-tank Why Philanthropy Matters considers Bankman-Fried’s involvement in effective altruism “an absolutely core part of the story.”

“It’s damaging for effective altruism because the fact that Sam Bankman-Fried was an effective altruist doesn’t seem to be incidental to the whole story and what’s happened [with] FTX,” said Rhodri Davies.

As described by the effective altruism organization Giving What We Can, the movement is based on using “evidence and careful reasoning to work out how we can do the most good with our limited resources.”

Its core idea, then, is that when it comes to trying to do good in the world, and particularly give to charity, people shouldn’t focus on what they think is important or what they want to do.

For example, does it make sense to give money to a local charity, like a food bank? Or might that money, according to effective altruists, be better utilized going toward something that would have a larger impact, more bang for the buck, like the purchase of mosquito nets to help in the global fight against malaria.

“[The idea is] you should kind of take yourself out of the picture, be totally neutral about causes, and think ‘What’s the way I can do the most good in the world with the money that I’ve got,'” Davies said.

But the idea of effective altruism has also drawn criticism for being too utilitarian, or consequentialist, and been accused of prescribing an ends-justifies-the-means kind of philosophy.

“I think the narrative in a lot of people’s minds now is he he has sort of pushed that idea to its limits and beyond … up to and including [alleged] fraud and kind of corporate malpractice,” Davies said.

 

FTX founder charged with multiple financial crimes

The U.S. government has charged Samuel Bankman-Fried, the founder of now-defunct cryptocurrency exchange FTX, with a host of financial crimes after being arrested in the Bahamas. He faces decades in prison if convicted.

Make your pile, give later

The movement has also been criticized as arrogant for suggesting that effective altruists can determine just what charities are most worthy of donations.

“It basically says we’re a bunch of very smart philosophy graduates and we kind of know what the problems of the world are and how to solve them. So it’s very top-down,” Davies said.

Leslie Lenkowsky, professor emeritus in public affairs and philanthropic studies at Indiana University, said that effective altruism makes a virtue out of arrogance.

“If I had $1 million to spend, I’d love to put it into something that would change the world. But the truth of the matter is, I don’t know what that is. The world’s a pretty complicated place, and there’s not one button you could push.”

He said the allegations against Bankman-Fried raise big questions about the ethical nature of the movement.

Effective altruism had, at least initially, also advocated that instead of working at an NGO, people should seek to work in a job where they can earn a high salary — the “earning to give” philosophy — and use that money to pursue their philanthropic goals.

 

FTX was ‘absolutely amateur hour,’ says analyst

Cryptocurrency analyst David Gerard describes FTX as a ‘clown financial institution’ that held many ‘imaginary assets.’ FTX founder Sam Bankman-Fried has been charged with eight criminal offences after the collapse of the company.

“Bankman-Fried was following one of its principle injunctions, which is if you have the ability to make money, go make money, rather than go into some non-profits or pursue a social cause,” Lenkowsky said. “Once you’ve made your pile, you can give later.”

He added: “If in fact he was knowingly doing something illegal, he was trying to make it justifiable because it was going to be for philanthropy. That raises a big ethical question about the central premise of effective altruism.”

But Singer says the fact that Bankman-Fried is facing serious fraud allegations suggests he was acting “much less rational” than effective altruism, “which is all about evidence and reasoning.”

“To do something that is that blatant and that obviously is going to carry a serious risk that you will go to jail for a long time … I mean, that’s just pretty crazy,” he said. “And I don’t think there’s anything in effective altruism that would say you should do that.”

‘Sam did not listen’

While Singer has been called the intellectual father of effective altruism, the movement itself was co-founded by Scottish philosopher William MacAskill in 2009 as an Oxford student, inspired by Singer’s work.

MacAskill himself, shortly after news of the FTX scandal broke, tweeted that “for years, the EA community has emphasized the importance of integrity, honesty, and the respect of common-sense moral constraints.”

“If customer funds were misused, then Sam did not listen; he must have thought he was above such considerations.”

Singer said he believes the effective altruism movement has done a lot of good and he is hopeful that it is going to go on to do considerably more.

 

FTX founder speaks for 1st time since crypto company’s collapse

 

FTX founder Sam Bankman-Fried, once hailed as the ‘King of Crypto,’ spoke on video for the first time since the sudden collapse of his cryptocurrency exchange company, pushing back against allegations of fraud.

But he acknowledged the fact that billions of dollars slated to go to effective altruistic endeavours have now “gone up in smoke” is “pretty terrible.”

Bankman-Fried, who reportedly became interested in effective altruism after a lunch meeting with MacAskill around a decade ago, had entrusted MacAskill and four of his lieutenants to oversee grant-making at the Future Fund, according to Forbes. The fund, launched in February, is thought to be a subsidiary of the FTX Foundation.

Yet gifts made by the Future Fund could now be clawed back by FTX’s creditors in bankruptcy court, Forbes reported.

And MacAskill is now under fire by many in the effective altruism community.

“The recent FTX scandal has, I think, caused a major dent in the confidence many in the EA Community have in our leadership,” wrote Gideon Futerman, whose small non-profit received money from the Future Fund, on a community forum, Forbes reported.

Singer, however, remained optimistic about the future of the effective altruism movement.

“I think it’s it’s now quite well established, it’s quite well known. It’s causing very substantial sums of money to be donated to highly effective charities. And that’s all a good thing. And I think that’s going to continue despite the FTX collapse.”

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Telus prioritizing ‘most important customers,’ avoiding ‘unprofitable’ offers: CFO

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Telus Corp. says it is avoiding offering “unprofitable” discounts as fierce competition in the Canadian telecommunications sector shows no sign of slowing down.

The company said Friday it had fewer net new customers during its third quarter compared with the same time last year, as it copes with increasingly “aggressive marketing and promotional pricing” that is prompting more customers to switch providers.

Telus said it added 347,000 net new customers, down around 14.5 per cent compared with last year. The figure includes 130,000 mobile phone subscribers and 34,000 internet customers, down 30,000 and 3,000, respectively, year-over-year.

The company reported its mobile phone churn rate — a metric measuring subscribers who cancelled their services — was 1.09 per cent in the third quarter, up from 1.03 per cent in the third quarter of 2023. That included a postpaid mobile phone churn rate of 0.90 per cent in its latest quarter.

Telus said its focus is on customer retention through its “industry-leading service and network quality, along with successful promotions and bundled offerings.”

“The customers we have are the most important customers we can get,” said chief financial officer Doug French in an interview.

“We’ve, again, just continued to focus on what matters most to our customers, from a product and customer service perspective, while not loading unprofitable customers.”

Meanwhile, Telus reported its net income attributable to common shares more than doubled during its third quarter.

The telecommunications company said it earned $280 million, up 105.9 per cent from the same three-month period in 2023. Earnings per diluted share for the quarter ended Sept. 30 was 19 cents compared with nine cents a year earlier.

It reported adjusted net income was $413 million, up 10.7 per cent year-over-year from $373 million in the same quarter last year. Operating revenue and other income for the quarter was $5.1 billion, up 1.8 per cent from the previous year.

Mobile phone average revenue per user was $58.85 in the third quarter, a decrease of $2.09 or 3.4 per cent from a year ago. Telus said the drop was attributable to customers signing up for base rate plans with lower prices, along with a decline in overage and roaming revenues.

It said customers are increasingly adopting unlimited data and Canada-U.S. plans which provide higher and more stable ARPU on a monthly basis.

“In a tough operating environment and relative to peers, we view Q3 results that were in line to slightly better than forecast as the best of the bunch,” said RBC analyst Drew McReynolds in a note.

Scotiabank analyst Maher Yaghi added that “the telecom industry in Canada remains very challenging for all players, however, Telus has been able to face these pressures” and still deliver growth.

The Big 3 telecom providers — which also include Rogers Communications Inc. and BCE Inc. — have frequently stressed that the market has grown more competitive in recent years, especially after the closing of Quebecor Inc.’s purchase of Freedom Mobile in April 2023.

Hailed as a fourth national carrier, Quebecor has invested in enhancements to Freedom’s network while offering more affordable plans as part of a set of commitments it was mandated by Ottawa to agree to.

The cost of telephone services in September was down eight per cent compared with a year earlier, according to Statistics Canada’s most recent inflation report last month.

“I think competition has been and continues to be, I’d say, quite intense in Canada, and we’ve obviously had to just manage our business the way we see fit,” said French.

Asked how long that environment could last, he said that’s out of Telus’ hands.

“What I can control, though, is how we go to market and how we lead with our products,” he said.

“I think the conditions within the market will have to adjust accordingly over time. We’ve continued to focus on digitization, continued to bring our cost structure down to compete, irrespective of the price and the current market conditions.”

Still, Canada’s telecom regulator continues to warn providers about customers facing more charges on their cellphone and internet bills.

On Tuesday, CRTC vice-president of consumer, analytics and strategy Scott Hutton called on providers to ensure they clearly inform their customers of charges such as early cancellation fees.

That followed statements from the regulator in recent weeks cautioning against rising international roaming fees and “surprise” price increases being found on their bills.

Hutton said the CRTC plans to launch public consultations in the coming weeks that will focus “on ensuring that information is clear and consistent, making it easier to compare offers and switch services or providers.”

“The CRTC is concerned with recent trends, which suggest that Canadians may not be benefiting from the full protections of our codes,” he said.

“We will continue to monitor developments and will take further action if our codes are not being followed.”

French said any initiative to boost transparency is a step in the right direction.

“I can’t say we are perfect across the board, but what I can say is we are absolutely taking it under consideration and trying to be the best at communicating with our customers,” he said.

“I think everyone looking in the mirror would say there’s room for improvement.”

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 8, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:T)

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TC Energy cuts cost estimate for Southeast Gateway pipeline project in Mexico

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CALGARY – TC Energy Corp. has lowered the estimated cost of its Southeast Gateway pipeline project in Mexico.

It says it now expects the project to cost between US$3.9 billion and US$4.1 billion compared with its original estimate of US$4.5 billion.

The change came as the company reported a third-quarter profit attributable to common shareholders of C$1.46 billion or $1.40 per share compared with a loss of C$197 million or 19 cents per share in the same quarter last year.

Revenue for the quarter ended Sept. 30 totalled C$4.08 billion, up from C$3.94 billion in the third quarter of 2023.

TC Energy says its comparable earnings for its latest quarter amounted to C$1.03 per share compared with C$1.00 per share a year earlier.

The average analyst estimate had been for a profit of 95 cents per share, according to LSEG Data & Analytics.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 7, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:TRP)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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BCE reports Q3 loss on asset impairment charge, cuts revenue guidance

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BCE Inc. reported a loss in its latest quarter as it recorded $2.11 billion in asset impairment charges, mainly related to Bell Media’s TV and radio properties.

The company says its net loss attributable to common shareholders amounted to $1.24 billion or $1.36 per share for the quarter ended Sept. 30 compared with a profit of $640 million or 70 cents per share a year earlier.

On an adjusted basis, BCE says it earned 75 cents per share in its latest quarter compared with an adjusted profit of 81 cents per share in the same quarter last year.

“Bell’s results for the third quarter demonstrate that we are disciplined in our pursuit of profitable growth in an intensely competitive environment,” BCE chief executive Mirko Bibic said in a statement.

“Our focus this quarter, and throughout 2024, has been to attract higher-margin subscribers and reduce costs to help offset short-term revenue impacts from sustained competitive pricing pressures, slow economic growth and a media advertising market that is in transition.”

Operating revenue for the quarter totalled $5.97 billion, down from $6.08 billion in its third quarter of 2023.

BCE also said it now expects its revenue for 2024 to fall about 1.5 per cent compared with earlier guidance for an increase of zero to four per cent.

The company says the change comes as it faces lower-than-anticipated wireless product revenue and sustained pressure on wireless prices.

BCE added 33,111 net postpaid mobile phone subscribers, down 76.8 per cent from the same period last year, which was the company’s second-best performance on the metric since 2010.

It says the drop was driven by higher customer churn — a measure of subscribers who cancelled their service — amid greater competitive activity and promotional offer intensity. BCE’s monthly churn rate for the category was 1.28 per cent, up from 1.1 per cent during its previous third quarter.

The company also saw 11.6 per cent fewer gross subscriber activations “due to more targeted promotional offers and mobile device discounting compared to last year.”

Bell’s wireless mobile phone average revenue per user was $58.26, down 3.4 per cent from $60.28 in the third quarter of the prior year.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 7, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:BCE)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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