A case investigators have called Canada’s largest art fraud investigation has revealed one of thousands of paintings falsely attributed to renowned Anishinaabe artist Norval Morrisseau was once on display in Winnipeg’s biggest art gallery.
The fake artwork, called Astral Plain Scouts, was donated to the Winnipeg Art Gallery-Qaumajuq in 2000 by a private collector who got it from a gallery in Thunder Bay, Ont., said Stephen Borys, the Winnipeg gallery’s director and CEO.
The piece was last shown at the gallery in 2013 and is now in storage, after police notified the gallery on Friday it was confirmed to be a fraud following a years-long investigation.
“It’s extraordinary that the work that was in question here … was certified by the Canadian Cultural Export Property Review Board. It was certified by all appraisers,” Borys said. “And yet today, as we look at it, we realize it is part of a larger body of works that are fraudulent.”
Morrisseau, who died in 2007 at age 75, was a renowned artist from the Ojibway Bingwi Neyaashi Anishinaabek First Nation in northwestern Ontario. He’s known as the founder of the Woodland school of art, and his work has been exhibited in galleries across Canada.
Earlier this month, the man behind a scheme to create fraudulent Morrisseau pieces pleaded guilty in an Ontario court to his role operating a fraud ring out of Thunder Bay between 1996 and 2019.
David Voss oversaw the creation of forged artworks falsely attributed to Morrisseau, according to an agreed statement of facts read in court. He was among eight people charged with a total of 40 offences last year, following an investigation into the fake paintings.
Jason Rybak, a detective staff sergeant with the Thunder Bay Police Service who worked on the investigation since it began in 2019, described Voss as “the architect of the whole scheme.”
A person walks past the Norval Morrisseau painting Androgyny, right, at the National Gallery of Canada’s contemporary art galleries in Ottawa in 2017. Morrisseau is known as the founder of the Woodland school of art, and his work has been exhibited in galleries across Canada. (Adrian Wyld/The Canadian Press)
Rybak said investigators on the case were quickly drawn to Astral Plain Scouts — one of the 11 paintings attributed to Morrisseau in the Winnipeg gallery’s collection — in part because of a black dry brush signature on its back, which was a feature found on other fraudulent Morrisseau works.
Investigators also later determined Voss used a “paint-by-numbers” process that involved drawing an outline in pencil, then marking the areas to be coloured in with letter codes corresponding to different colours — a process outlined in the statement of facts read in court.
Police were ultimately able to confirm the paintings from Voss’s operation were fakes through infrared reflectography, Rybak said, which showed the markings underneath the paint.
He said while police have gotten their hands on many of the roughly 1,700 fake Morrisseau paintings Voss was responsible for, they aren’t in a position to seize them all.
That’s in part because they aren’t concerned that owners like WAG-Qaumajuq — which said it offered to turn over the painting — will sell the piece, and because police would have trouble trying to store that many artworks.
Galleries should be more proactive: lawyer
Jonathan Sommer, a lawyer specializing in art fraud and the CEO of Morrisseau Art Consulting Inc., which examines work attributed to the artist, said it’s “kind of incredible” the fraud that involved the piece at the Winnipeg gallery got to be as big as it did.
It should also be a lesson for museums and galleries to actively police the authenticity of the works in major collections, he said.
“They can do that in terms of having provisions and agreements with donors. They can do that in terms of upping the amount of effort they make to authenticate artworks that are donated or that they acquire, or even ones that have been sitting in their collections for a long time,” Sommer told host Faith Fundal on CBC Manitoba’s Up to Speed.
“I think this almost has to be an ongoing process that is just part of the acquisition and the collections procedure.”
Sommer said he thinks there are still thousands of fake Morrisseau pieces out there, between fraudulent paintings and unauthorized prints of the artist’s work.
WAG-Qaumajuq director Borys said the art gallery will learn from the incident as it does from every acquisition, and that it plans to continue to co-operate with any further investigation into fraudulent Morrisseau works.
“We do this not just to honour the family and the descendants, but also to contribute to the overall research in Canadian art history at this moment with Indigenous art,” Borys said, adding no concerns have been raised about the gallery’s other Morrisseau works.
“There are many, many victims here, beginning with the artist — the artist’s legacy, his family, the fact that fraudulent activities were going on during his lifetime. This is nothing new. And there are the victims … who collected, supported, exhibited, sold what they thought were rightful works.”
Painting in Winnipeg Art Gallery collection part of investigation into Norval Morrisseau fakes
A case investigators have called Canada’s largest art fraud investigation has revealed one of thousands of paintings falsely attributed to renowned Anishinaabe artist Norval Morrisseau was once on display in Winnipeg’s biggest art gallery.
LONDON (AP) — With a few daubs of a paintbrush, the Brontë sisters have got their dots back.
More than eight decades after it was installed, a memorial to the three 19th-century sibling novelists in London’s Westminster Abbey was amended Thursday to restore the diaereses – the two dots over the e in their surname.
The dots — which indicate that the name is pronounced “brontay” rather than “bront” — were omitted when the stone tablet commemorating Charlotte, Emily and Anne was erected in the abbey’s Poets’ Corner in October 1939, just after the outbreak of World War II.
They were restored after Brontë historian Sharon Wright, editor of the Brontë Society Gazette, raised the issue with Dean of Westminster David Hoyle. The abbey asked its stonemason to tap in the dots and its conservator to paint them.
“There’s no paper record for anyone complaining about this or mentioning this, so I just wanted to put it right, really,” Wright said. “These three Yorkshire women deserve their place here, but they also deserve to have their name spelled correctly.”
It’s believed the writers’ Irish father Patrick changed the spelling of his surname from Brunty or Prunty when he went to university in England.
Raised on the wild Yorkshire moors, all three sisters died before they were 40, leaving enduring novels including Charlotte’s “Jane Eyre,” Emily’s “Wuthering Heights” and Anne’s “The Tenant of Wildfell Hall.”
Rebecca Yorke, director of the Brontë Society, welcomed the restoration.
“As the Brontës and their work are loved and respected all over the world, it’s entirely appropriate that their name is spelled correctly on their memorial,” she said.
In a case that has sent shockwaves through the Vancouver Island art community, a local art dealer has been charged with one count of fraud over $5,000. Calvin Lucyshyn, the former operator of the now-closed Winchester Galleries in Oak Bay, faces the charge after police seized hundreds of artworks, valued in the tens of millions of dollars, from various storage sites in the Greater Victoria area.
Alleged Fraud Scheme
Police allege that Lucyshyn had been taking valuable art from members of the public under the guise of appraising or consigning the pieces for sale, only to cut off all communication with the owners. This investigation began in April 2022, when police received a complaint from an individual who had provided four paintings to Lucyshyn, including three works by renowned British Columbia artist Emily Carr, and had not received any updates on their sale.
Further investigation by the Saanich Police Department revealed that this was not an isolated incident. Detectives found other alleged victims who had similar experiences with Winchester Galleries, leading police to execute search warrants at three separate storage locations across Greater Victoria.
Massive Seizure of Artworks
In what has become one of the largest art fraud investigations in recent Canadian history, authorities seized approximately 1,100 pieces of art, including more than 600 pieces from a storage site in Saanich, over 300 in Langford, and more than 100 in Oak Bay. Some of the more valuable pieces, according to police, were estimated to be worth $85,000 each.
Lucyshyn was arrested on April 21, 2022, but was later released from custody. In May 2024, a fraud charge was formally laid against him.
Artwork Returned, but Some Remain Unclaimed
In a statement released on Monday, the Saanich Police Department confirmed that 1,050 of the seized artworks have been returned to their rightful owners. However, several pieces remain unclaimed, and police continue their efforts to track down the owners of these works.
Court Proceedings Ongoing
The criminal charge against Lucyshyn has not yet been tested in court, and he has publicly stated his intention to defend himself against any pending allegations. His next court appearance is scheduled for September 10, 2024.
Impact on the Local Art Community
The news of Lucyshyn’s alleged fraud has deeply affected Vancouver Island’s art community, particularly collectors, galleries, and artists who may have been impacted by the gallery’s operations. With high-value pieces from artists like Emily Carr involved, the case underscores the vulnerabilities that can exist in art transactions.
For many art collectors, the investigation has raised concerns about the potential for fraud in the art world, particularly when it comes to dealing with private galleries and dealers. The seizure of such a vast collection of artworks has also led to questions about the management and oversight of valuable art pieces, as well as the importance of transparency and trust in the industry.
As the case continues to unfold in court, it will likely serve as a cautionary tale for collectors and galleries alike, highlighting the need for due diligence in the sale and appraisal of high-value artworks.
While much of the seized artwork has been returned, the full scale of the alleged fraud is still being unraveled. Lucyshyn’s upcoming court appearances will be closely watched, not only by the legal community but also by the wider art world, as it navigates the fallout from one of Canada’s most significant art fraud cases in recent memory.
Art collectors and individuals who believe they may have been affected by this case are encouraged to contact the Saanich Police Department to inquire about any unclaimed pieces. Additionally, the case serves as a reminder for anyone involved in high-value art transactions to work with reputable dealers and to keep thorough documentation of all transactions.
As with any investment, whether in art or other ventures, it is crucial to be cautious and informed. Art fraud can devastate personal collections and finances, but by taking steps to verify authenticity, provenance, and the reputation of dealers, collectors can help safeguard their valuable pieces.
