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Duane Bratt: The health versus the economy debate will come, but it's a false choice – National Post

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It has not happened yet, but it is inevitable that we will have a public debate in Canada about whether, in the words of U.S. President Donald Trump, the restrictions that have been imposed in response to the COVID-19 crisis is a case of “the cure being worse than the disease.” Thankfully, no major Canadian political figure has made such a claim.

However, there are certain pro-business and right-wing voices that have started to make this very case. See, for example, a recent column by Conrad Black or the twitter feed of Brett Wilson. In contrast, despite the restrictions that are already in place, there are some public health professionals and scientists, who argue that existing restrictions might have to last 18 or 24 months and some are demanding even more restrictions. This debate is currently at the margins, but there will be a time — maybe in a couple of weeks; maybe in a couple of months — when the debate goes into the mainstream.

Of course, framing the debate as health care versus the economy is a false choice. Ending restrictions on businesses and public gatherings will not automatically restart the economy. Not if billions of dollars more need to be dedicated to health care to deal with the hundreds of thousands of cases and the tens of thousands of deaths (or more). Likewise, how will businesses function with a workforce and customers depleted due to COVID-19? Or people scared to go to work or shop because of the threat of COVID-19. Likewise, there is plenty of economic activity that needs to occur despite the presence of the COVID-19 pandemic. People still need to eat, so we cannot shut down the agriculture sector and grocery stores. People still need electricity and home heating, so we cannot shut down the energy sector.

Nevertheless, when the rate of increase in COVID-19 cases and deaths starts to slow down or even reverse, there will be calls for restrictions to be lifted. The danger is that we may have just survived the first wave, and the possibility of a second wave intensifies if we move too quickly to reopen society. Conversely, we cannot indefinitely place harsh restrictions on society. At a certain point, some, if not all, are going to need to be lifted.

Regardless of when this debate occurs in a serious way, there are a number of key political science concepts that are going to come into play: authority and legitimacy. Authority is a form of power in which people obey commands not because they have been rationally or emotionally persuaded, or because they fear the consequences of disobedience, but simply because they respect the source of the command. The one who issues the command is accepted as having a right to do so, and those who receive the command accept that they have an obligation to obey. Authority is focused in the one who commands, but legitimacy is the feeling of respect for authority that exists in those who obey — it is what makes authority possible. In other words, people have to trust the source of the command. This is especially critical in times of crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic.

A major challenge in how the United States is responding to COVID-19 is that many Americans do not trust the leadership of President Trump. His flip-flopping on policies and his narcissism has prevented Trump from taking the leadership role that naturally occurs in crises. The situation is very different in Canada. Even people who strongly oppose Prime Minister Justin Trudeau or Premier Jason Kenney have accepted their decisions. However, this could start to shift if people cease respecting authority. This could be because they do not trust the information provided, do not accept the rationale for severe restrictions, or believe that the decisions issued by authorities are harming them.

Canada has enacted the most draconian restrictions in living memory. The Second World War may have led to the rationing of food, gasoline and other materials, but there were no social distancing requirements. Yet Canadians have largely obeyed these restrictions, because they believe that the orders are coming from a legitimate authority and accept their rationale of responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Canadian state simply lacks the coercive power to enforce these restrictions in the absence of voluntary compliance. If you want to see what happens when society does not voluntarily comply with laws, just look at underage smoking and drinking, and, until its recent legalization, cannabis use.

For those who argued that Canada should have acted quicker and closed our borders (stranding Canadians outside of the country) or shutting down schools and restaurants back in January or February, you need to consider whether society would have voluntarily complied at that time.

When the inevitable debate about reopening the economy occurs, a major factor will be whether the existing restrictions can be sustained in the absence of voluntary compliance.

Duane Bratt is a political science professor and chair of the department of economics, justice and policy studies at Mount Royal University.

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Economy

B.C.’s debt and deficit forecast to rise as the provincial election nears

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VICTORIA – British Columbia is forecasting a record budget deficit and a rising debt of almost $129 billion less than two weeks before the start of a provincial election campaign where economic stability and future progress are expected to be major issues.

Finance Minister Katrine Conroy, who has announced her retirement and will not seek re-election in the Oct. 19 vote, said Tuesday her final budget update as minister predicts a deficit of $8.9 billion, up $1.1 billion from a forecast she made earlier this year.

Conroy said she acknowledges “challenges” facing B.C., including three consecutive deficit budgets, but expected improved economic growth where the province will start to “turn a corner.”

The $8.9 billion deficit forecast for 2024-2025 is followed by annual deficit projections of $6.7 billion and $6.1 billion in 2026-2027, Conroy said at a news conference outlining the government’s first quarterly financial update.

Conroy said lower corporate income tax and natural resource revenues and the increased cost of fighting wildfires have had some of the largest impacts on the budget.

“I want to acknowledge the economic uncertainties,” she said. “While global inflation is showing signs of easing and we’ve seen cuts to the Bank of Canada interest rates, we know that the challenges are not over.”

Conroy said wildfire response costs are expected to total $886 million this year, more than $650 million higher than originally forecast.

Corporate income tax revenue is forecast to be $638 million lower as a result of federal government updates and natural resource revenues are down $299 million due to lower prices for natural gas, lumber and electricity, she said.

Debt-servicing costs are also forecast to be $344 million higher due to the larger debt balance, the current interest rate and accelerated borrowing to ensure services and capital projects are maintained through the province’s election period, said Conroy.

B.C.’s economic growth is expected to strengthen over the next three years, but the timing of a return to a balanced budget will fall to another minister, said Conroy, who was addressing what likely would be her last news conference as Minister of Finance.

The election is expected to be called on Sept. 21, with the vote set for Oct. 19.

“While we are a strong province, people are facing challenges,” she said. “We have never shied away from taking those challenges head on, because we want to keep British Columbians secure and help them build good lives now and for the long term. With the investments we’re making and the actions we’re taking to support people and build a stronger economy, we’ve started to turn a corner.”

Premier David Eby said before the fiscal forecast was released Tuesday that the New Democrat government remains committed to providing services and supports for people in British Columbia and cuts are not on his agenda.

Eby said people have been hurt by high interest costs and the province is facing budget pressures connected to low resource prices, high wildfire costs and struggling global economies.

The premier said that now is not the time to reduce supports and services for people.

Last month’s year-end report for the 2023-2024 budget saw the province post a budget deficit of $5.035 billion, down from the previous forecast of $5.9 billion.

Eby said he expects government financial priorities to become a major issue during the upcoming election, with the NDP pledging to continue to fund services and the B.C. Conservatives looking to make cuts.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

Note to readers: This is a corrected story. A previous version said the debt would be going up to more than $129 billion. In fact, it will be almost $129 billion.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Economy

Mark Carney mum on carbon-tax advice, future in politics at Liberal retreat

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NANAIMO, B.C. – Former Bank of Canada governor Mark Carney says he’ll be advising the Liberal party to flip some the challenges posed by an increasingly divided and dangerous world into an economic opportunity for Canada.

But he won’t say what his specific advice will be on economic issues that are politically divisive in Canada, like the carbon tax.

He presented his vision for the Liberals’ economic policy at the party’s caucus retreat in Nanaimo, B.C. today, after he agreed to help the party prepare for the next election as chair of a Liberal task force on economic growth.

Carney has been touted as a possible leadership contender to replace Justin Trudeau, who has said he has tried to coax Carney into politics for years.

Carney says if the prime minister asks him to do something he will do it to the best of his ability, but won’t elaborate on whether the new adviser role could lead to him adding his name to a ballot in the next election.

Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland says she has been taking advice from Carney for years, and that his new position won’t infringe on her role.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

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Economy

Nova Scotia bill would kick-start offshore wind industry without approval from Ottawa

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HALIFAX – The Nova Scotia government has introduced a bill that would kick-start the province’s offshore wind industry without federal approval.

Natural Resources Minister Tory Rushton says amendments within a new omnibus bill introduced today will help ensure Nova Scotia meets its goal of launching a first call for offshore wind bids next year.

The province wants to offer project licences by 2030 to develop a total of five gigawatts of power from offshore wind.

Rushton says normally the province would wait for the federal government to adopt legislation establishing a wind industry off Canada’s East Coast, but that process has been “progressing slowly.”

Federal legislation that would enable the development of offshore wind farms in Nova Scotia and Newfoundland and Labrador has passed through the first and second reading in the Senate, and is currently under consideration in committee.

Rushton says the Nova Scotia bill mirrors the federal legislation and would prevent the province’s offshore wind industry from being held up in Ottawa.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 10, 2024.

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