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Civility in democratic politics – The Times of India Blog

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Uday Deb
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We live in a polarized world. While polarization is not new, its intensity has certainly touched new proportions. It appears the world is hurtling more towards authoritarianism with populist leaders in democratic countries running the affairs of government on vengeance. My concern is not about corruption or hypocrisy in politics, which is as old as the evolution of human beings, but the scale of incivility in politics perhaps has not seen its nadir as we see today. 

In ancient Greece, the famous philosophers Plato and Aristotle were not fond of democracy as they were afraid of demagogues who could manipulate gullible people to buy their nefarious designs. Instead, they emphasized virtue and wisdom. Plato envisioned philosopher king – the modern-day equivalent of stateman – who after long years of training in philosophy, ethics, virtue and other dimensions of human knowledge take the charge of the state. As ensconced in wisdom, and free from human vices of attachment and corruption, they could seldom commit no mistake. Plato’s disciple, Aristotle, called politics ‘noble profession’. For him, it was a noble duty of citizens to take part in politics and be involved in community affairs. Both thought wisdom and virtue should be guiding principles of governance, rather than vote count or popular support – the key element of democratic government. 

It is not that democratic government is the worst form of government. Winston Churchill admitted that democratic form of government may not be the best form of government. Certainly, it is better than authoritarian or totalitarian governments. But democratic government functions best when it is led by enlightened leaders and enlightened citizenry. When a citizen is not educated, he or she can be easily swayed by populist leaders, and that is why the Greek philosophers hated democracy as it could turn majority against minority or evolve into a government where numbers or quantity dominates quality or virtue or wisdom. At the very worst, as we see today, democratic governments have often turned towards the policy of divide and rule, pitting one community against another in order to win more votes, engaging in religious or racist rhetoric. 

Another major concern that needs to be addressed as democracies degenerate is undermining of human values and sorry transformation of human beings as machines or means. When politics becomes might is right and means supersede ends, and human beings are counted as numbers, it leads to a moral vacuum. Immanuel Kant raised this concern and argued that human dignity and moral duty are major ingredients in any humane society and for permanent peace these elements must be cultivated. When individuals are stripped of their dignity or moral component, when human beings are excluded from the moral world, they could be treated as objects or things which could be easily made subject of violence and repression. One classic example of this moral exclusion was Nazi rule in Germany before the Second World War. While Nazism as a system of government is long dead and gone, its traces are still found or are reemerging in various parts of the world. 

One of the core elements of democracy is dialogue. This is certainly waning. The principle – I agree to disagree – guides democracy, but it appears it is slowly going away. My way or highway seems to be the modern-day norm of democracy. The use of words in political debates certainly invokes pessimism and despair.  Political leaders lose decency and use all kinds of words in public, whether in legislatures or other public forums. There are instances how politicians openly denigrate women, watch pornography in legislature, use vile words against detractors. It seems politics has become the worst theatre, and everybody is naked in this game. And such a scenario makes alive the concerns of the Greek thinkers about the downsides of democracy. Watching television debates looks like watching melodrama. As most media houses do not hide their love or hate for political parties, the media debates look like harangue, in which debaters come with closed minds. There are certainly exceptions to this normal trend, and there are still politicians who follow moral principles, but they are a few. It will not be an exaggeration to call them endangered species. 

One of the major reasons why politics has descended to such lowly chaos is the preference of immediate or short-term gains over long term gains or visions. If as a politician my goal is to win the upcoming election by hook or by crook, and I do not care about what people say about strategies I adopt, or it does not matter if I flout moral norms or legal principles as everything is fair if I win the election. This gives rise to the oft quoted statement – everything is fair in politics. This approach to politics is centered on a zero-sum game, which sees politics as a win-loss game. Politicians do not worry about their long-term legacy. Hence, we do not have amidst us a Lal Bahadur Shastri who resigned from the position of Railway Minister as a train accident happened under his watch. During early years of independence there were acute differences between political leaders, but none of them used foul language against each other. Without going into the political ideologies of those leaders, it will be sufficient here to argue that these leaders valued civility and dignity of the other. 

I will conclude with the following few lines from Sri Aurobindo’s Savitri that poetically amplify the ‘vileness’ in politics. 

All on one plan was shaped and standardised

Under a dark dictatorship’s breathless weight.

In street and house, in councils and in courts

Beings he met who looked like living men

And climbed in speech upon high wings of thought

But harboured all that is subhuman, vile

And lower than the lowest reptile’s crawl.

The reason meant for nearness to the gods

And uplift to heavenly scale by the touch of mind

Only enhanced by its enlightening ray

Their inborn nature’s wry monstrosity. 

I wish that in the New Year democratic politics become more civil and peaceful.

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Views expressed above are the author’s own.

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‘Disgraceful:’ N.S. Tory leader slams school’s request that military remove uniform

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HALIFAX – Nova Scotia Premier Tim Houston says it’s “disgraceful and demeaning” that a Halifax-area school would request that service members not wear military uniforms to its Remembrance Day ceremony.

Houston’s comments were part of a chorus of criticism levelled at the school — Sackville Heights Elementary — whose administration decided to back away from the plan after the outcry.

A November newsletter from the school in Middle Sackville, N.S., invited Armed Forces members to attend its ceremony but asked that all attendees arrive in civilian attire to “maintain a welcoming environment for all.”

Houston, who is currently running for re-election, accused the school’s leaders of “disgracing themselves while demeaning the people who protect our country” in a post on the social media platform X Thursday night.

“If the people behind this decision had a shred of the courage that our veterans have, this cowardly and insulting idea would have been rejected immediately,” Houston’s post read. There were also several calls for resignations within the school’s administration attached to Houston’s post.

In an email to families Thursday night, the school’s principal, Rachael Webster, apologized and welcomed military family members to attend “in the attire that makes them most comfortable.”

“I recognize this request has caused harm and I am deeply sorry,” Webster’s email read, adding later that the school has the “utmost respect for what the uniform represents.”

Webster said the initial request was out of concern for some students who come from countries experiencing conflict and who she said expressed discomfort with images of war, including military uniforms.

Her email said any students who have concerns about seeing Armed Forces members in uniform can be accommodated in a way that makes them feel safe, but she provided no further details in the message.

Webster did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

At a news conference Friday, Houston said he’s glad the initial request was reversed but said he is still concerned.

“I can’t actually fathom how a decision like that was made,” Houston told reporters Friday, adding that he grew up moving between military bases around the country while his father was in the Armed Forces.

“My story of growing up in a military family is not unique in our province. The tradition of service is something so many of us share,” he said.

“Saying ‘lest we forget’ is a solemn promise to the fallen. It’s our commitment to those that continue to serve and our commitment that we will pass on our respects to the next generation.”

Liberal Leader Zach Churchill also said he’s happy with the school’s decision to allow uniformed Armed Forces members to attend the ceremony, but he said he didn’t think it was fair to question the intentions of those behind the original decision.

“We need to have them (uniforms) on display at Remembrance Day,” he said. “Not only are we celebrating (veterans) … we’re also commemorating our dead who gave the greatest sacrifice for our country and for the freedoms we have.”

NDP Leader Claudia Chender said that while Remembrance Day is an important occasion to honour veterans and current service members’ sacrifices, she said she hopes Houston wasn’t taking advantage of the decision to “play politics with this solemn occasion for his own political gain.”

“I hope Tim Houston reached out to the principal of the school before making a public statement,” she said in a statement.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 8, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Saskatchewan NDP’s Beck holds first caucus meeting after election, outlines plans

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REGINA – Saskatchewan Opposition NDP Leader Carla Beck says she wants to prove to residents her party is the government in waiting as she heads into the incoming legislative session.

Beck held her first caucus meeting with 27 members, nearly double than what she had before the Oct. 28 election but short of the 31 required to form a majority in the 61-seat legislature.

She says her priorities will be health care and cost-of-living issues.

Beck says people need affordability help right now and will press Premier Scott Moe’s Saskatchewan Party government to cut the gas tax and the provincial sales tax on children’s clothing and some grocery items.

Beck’s NDP is Saskatchewan’s largest Opposition in nearly two decades after sweeping Regina and winning all but one seat in Saskatoon.

The Saskatchewan Party won 34 seats, retaining its hold on all of the rural ridings and smaller cities.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 8, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Nova Scotia election: Liberals say province’s immigration levels are too high

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HALIFAX – Nova Scotia‘s growing population was the subject of debate on Day 12 of the provincial election campaign, with Liberal Leader Zach Churchill arguing immigration levels must be reduced until the province can provide enough housing and health-care services.

Churchill said Thursday a plan by the incumbent Progressive Conservatives to double the province’s population to two million people by the year 2060 is unrealistic and unsustainable.

“That’s a big leap and it’s making life harder for people who live here, (including ) young people looking for a place to live and seniors looking to downsize,” he told a news conference at his campaign headquarters in Halifax.

Anticipating that his call for less immigration might provoke protests from the immigrant community, Churchill was careful to note that he is among the third generation of a family that moved to Nova Scotia from Lebanon.

“I know the value of immigration, the importance of it to our province. We have been built on the backs of an immigrant population. But we just need to do it in a responsible way.”

The Liberal leader said Tim Houston’s Tories, who are seeking a second term in office, have made a mistake by exceeding immigration targets set by the province’s Department of Labour and Immigration. Churchill said a Liberal government would abide by the department’s targets.

In the most recent fiscal year, the government welcomed almost 12,000 immigrants through its nominee program, exceeding the department’s limit by more than 4,000, he said. The numbers aren’t huge, but the increase won’t help ease the province’s shortages in housing and doctors, and the increased strain on its infrastructure, including roads, schools and cellphone networks, Churchill said.

“(The Immigration Department) has done the hard work on this,” he said. “They know where the labour gaps are, and they know what growth is sustainable.”

In response, Houston said his commitment to double the population was a “stretch goal.” And he said the province had long struggled with a declining population before that trend was recently reversed.

“The only immigration that can come into this province at this time is if they are a skilled trade worker or a health-care worker,” Houston said. “The population has grown by two per cent a year, actually quite similar growth to what we experienced under the Liberal government before us.”

Still, Houston said he’s heard Nova Scotians’ concerns about population growth, and he then pivoted to criticize Prime Minister Justin Trudeau for trying to send 6,000 asylum seekers to Nova Scotia, an assertion the federal government has denied.

Churchill said Houston’s claim about asylum seekers was shameful.

“It’s smoke and mirrors,” the Liberal leader said. “He is overshooting his own department’s numbers for sustainable population growth and yet he is trying to blame this on asylum seekers … who aren’t even here.”

In September, federal Immigration Minister Marc Miller said there is no plan to send any asylum seekers to the province without compensation or the consent of the premier. He said the 6,000 number was an “aspirational” figure based on models that reflect each province’s population.

In Halifax, NDP Leader Claudia Chender said it’s clear Nova Scotia needs more doctors, nurses and skilled trades people.

“Immigration has been and always will be a part of the Nova Scotia story, but we need to build as we grow,” Chender said. “This is why we have been pushing the Houston government to build more affordable housing.”

Chender was in a Halifax cafe on Thursday when she promised her party would remove the province’s portion of the harmonized sales tax from all grocery, cellphone and internet bills if elected to govern on Nov. 26. The tax would also be removed from the sale and installation of heat pumps.

“Our focus is on helping people to afford their lives,” Chender told reporters. “We know there are certain things that you can’t live without: food, internet and a phone …. So we know this will have the single biggest impact.”

The party estimates the measure would save the average Nova Scotia family about $1,300 a year.

“That’s a lot more than a one or two per cent HST cut,” Chender said, referring to the Progressive Conservative pledge to reduce the tax by one percentage point and the Liberal promise to trim it by two percentage points.

Elsewhere on the campaign trail, Houston announced that a Progressive Conservative government would make parking free at all Nova Scotia hospitals and health-care centres. The promise was also made by the Liberals in their election platform released Monday.

“Free parking may not seem like a big deal to some, but … the parking, especially for people working at the facilities, can add up to hundreds of dollars,” the premier told a news conference at his campaign headquarters in Halifax.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 7, 2024.

— With files from Keith Doucette in Halifax

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