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Direct And Indirect Costs To Frequent Investment Portfolio Churning – Outlook India

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At times, our investments do not turn out to be what we desire of it. That is the reason why we make changes to our portfolio to keep it aligned with the market conditions, among other reasons. This includes both buying as well as selling the stock, mutual fund holdings or other assets, as well as deciding on the specific holdings to hold on to in the hope of better returns.

This is called portfolio churning, and it is measured by the portfolio turnover ratio (PTR).
 
That said, if one were to follow the practice of portfolio churning too frequently, it could lead to cost implications. But that’s not all, these cost implications are almost always hidden, and thus, often go unnoticed.

A study done last year by Axis Mutual Fund found that investors made lower returns than the funds they invested in. This was because investors reacted to short-term movements and sentiment, and often ended up entering/exiting at the wrong time, or too frequently.

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“Within an asset class like equity, once you pick a mutual fund, I would stay invested for atleast 3 years before deciding to exit. This is because equities in general, and fund managers specifically have cycles and you must ride a cycle for long enough before making a decision.   The more frequently you take action on your portfolio, the more it is likely to hurt you in the long term,” says Kanika Agarrwal, co-founder of Upside AI, an ML-backed PMS.

Direct Cost To Frequent Portfolio Rebalancing

There is both a direct as well as indirect cost to frequent portfolio rebalancing. Let’s find out what the direct costs are.

Transaction Cost: For stock or mutual fund sold (in demat), your broker and demat account service provider will charge you the brokerage and other statutory charges, respectively. Although these charges are very low, but it can still add up to a big amount, if done very frequently.
 
“Simply put, high churning of a portfolio means buying and selling securities very frequently. High volume of transactions leads to high taxes and transaction costs, such as brokerage, securities transaction tax (STT), and other charges, thereby reducing the returns from your portfolio. Portfolio churn, also called as portfolio turnover, is the ratio of a minimum of securities bought or sold over the average assets of the portfolio,” says Ajay Modi, vice-president, Research Piper Serica Advisors and Smallcase manager.

He also explained with an example. Suppose an investor had an average portfolio of Rs. 1 lakh and purchased equity shares of Rs 25,000. Let’s also assume that in the same year, he sold Rs 30,000 worth of equity shares. Then, the portfolio turnover ratio would be 25 per cent, or, in other words, one-fourth of the assets of the portfolio were churned over the last one year.

Representational Image of An Investor Photo by Campaign Creators on Unsplash

 
Tax: Equity investment gains are either taxed as short-term capital gains (STCG) or long-term capital gains (LTCG). If one were to sell his/her equity investments within a year, then it would attract STCG tax, and this tax would be charged irrespective of one’s income tax slab rate. So, every time one sells a winning stock and invests elsewhere, he/she would actually be paying a tax on that, and this would eat into the returns.

“I think an investor should first start with an asset allocation plan – saying how much she wants to invest in equity, debt, gold, real estate, etc. She should relook at her asset allocation on a quarterly basis – to check whether she has moved too far away from her target weights and readjust if required,” added Agarrwal.

Indirect Cost To Frequently Churning One’s Portfolio

There are some hidden indirect cost to frequent portfolio churning, too. 

Stress: If you frequently churn your investment portfolio because you feel that it is not generating enough returns or meeting your goals, you would in reality eventually end up adding to your stress.
 
“You might expect a particular stock or fund to give you good returns, but later get disappointed to see that it did not turn out as expected. Then you sell that and invest in another fund or stock, which also disappoints you. So, if you keep on exiting and entering funds or stocks frequently, then it might add to your stress levels.

This is why you should not frequently buy and sell your investments, as it can add to your anxiety levels, and hence, induce stress. You should always compare the long-term returns of a stock or fund before judging whether it’s lagging behind its peers or not. In a shorter time frame like a month or three months, the stock or fund may give less returns, but in the long term, it could potentially give a big return,” says Anup Bhaiya, managing director, Money Honey Financial 

Frequent Portfolio Churning Can Add To Your Stress
Frequent Portfolio Churning Can Add To Your Stress Photo by Tech Daily on Unsplash

Impulsive Investing: Let’s assume that you are investing according to your goals and financial plan set by your financial planner. But then, you make an impulsive purchase decision by seeing potentially higher returns in other risky high return assets, such as crypto, stock options, and others short-term gains. So, in essence, you have churned your investment portfolio partly to now include a riskier asset class, and hence, your financial plan also got changed due to this. Since you only have a finite amount of money, these impulsive investment decisions create an opportunity cost. It essentially means that you have to forego other investments in favour of the investable assets you decide to go with now.
 
“An investor might have invested in a fundamentally good stock that gave multi-bagger returns in the past, but is currently underperforming the broader market. So, by making an impulsive decision, he decides to invest in another stock or asset – which has potentially more risk, but higher returns – by selling this stock. For example, he might be having a blue-chip stock in his portfolio that gives him a nominal return.

But Bitcoin and other cryptos are giving returns like 30 or 40 per cent. So, he might sell his blue-chip stock and use the proceeds to buy Bitcoins. But, unfortunately, this practice will hurt him in the long term, since he has sold a fundamentally good company’s stock to buy something that is highly risky,” adds Bhaiya. 
 

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BWXT announces $80M investment for plant in Cambridge – CityNews Kitchener

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BWX Technologies (BWXT) in Cambridge is investing $80-million to expand their nuclear manufacturing plant in Cambridge.

Minister of Energy, Todd Smith, was in the city on Friday to join the company in the announcement.

The investment will create over 200 new skilled and unionized jobs. This is part of the province’s plan to expand affordable and clean nuclear energy to power the economy.

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“With shovels in the ground today on new nuclear generation, including the first small modular reactor in the G7, I’m so pleased to see global nuclear manufacturers like BWXT expanding their operations in Cambridge and hiring more Ontario workers,” Smith said. “The benefits of Ontario’s nuclear industry reaches far beyond the stations at Darlington, Pickering and Bruce, and this $80 million investment shows how all communities can help meet Ontario’s growing demand for clean energy, while also securing local investments and creating even more good-paying jobs.”

The added jobs will support BWXT’s existing operations across the province as well as help the sector’s ongoing operations of existing nuclear stations at Darlington, Bruce and Pickering.

“Our expansion comes at a time when we’re supporting our customers in the successful execution of some of the largest clean nuclear energy projects in the world,” John MacQuarrie, President of Commercial Operations at BWXT, said.

“At the same time, the global nuclear industry is increasingly being called upon to mitigate the impacts of climate change and increase energy security and independence. By investing significantly in our Cambridge manufacturing facility, BWXT is further positioning our business to serve our customers to produce more safe, clean and reliable electricity in Canada and abroad.”

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AI investments will help chip sector to recover: Analyst – Yahoo Finance

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The semiconductor sector is undergoing a correction as interest rate cut expectations dwindle, prompting concerns about the impact on these high-growth, technology-driven stocks. Wedbush Enterprise Hardware Analyst Matt Bryson joins Yahoo Finance to discuss the dynamics shaping the chip industry.

Bryson acknowledges that the rise of generative AI has been a significant driving force behind the recent success of chip stocks. While he believes that AI is shifting “the way technology works,” he notes it will take time. Due to this, Bryson highlights that “significant investment” will continue to occur in the chip market, fueled by the growth of generative AI applications.

However, Bryson cautions that as interest rates remain elevated, it could “weigh on consumer spending.” Nevertheless, he expresses confidence that the AI revolution “changing the landscape for tech” will likely insulate the sector from the effect of high interest rates, as investors are unwilling to miss out on the “next technology” breakthrough.

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For more expert insight and the latest market action, click here to watch this full episode of Yahoo Finance.

This post was written by Angel Smith

Video Transcript

BRAD SMITH: As rate cut bets shift, so have moves in one sector, in particular. Shares of AMD and Intel, both down over 15% in the last 30 days. The Philadelphia Semiconductor Index, also known as Sox, dropping over 10% from recent highs, despite a higher rate environment.

Our next guest is still bullish on the sector. Matt Bryson, Wedbush Enterprise Hardware analyst, joins us now. Matt, thanks so much for taking the time here. Walk us through your thesis here, especially, given some of the pullback that we’ve seen recently.

MATT BRYSON: So I think what we’ve seen over the last year or so is that the growth of generative AI has fueled the chip stocks. And the expectation that AI is going to shift everything in the way that technology works.

And I think that at the end of the day, that that thesis will prove out. I think the question is really timing. But the investments that we’ve seen that have lifted NVIDIA, that have lifted AMD, that have lifted the chip stock and sector, in general, the large cloud service providers, building out data centers. I don’t think anything has changed there in the near term.

So when I speak to OEMs, who are making AI servers, when I speak to cloud service providers, there is still significant investment going on in that space. That investment is slated to continue certainly into 2025. And I think, as long as there is this substantial investment, that we will see chip names report strong numbers and guide for strong growth.

SEANA SMITH: Matt, when it comes to the fact that we are in this macroeconomic environment right now, likelihood that rates will be higher for longer here, at least, when you take a look at the expectations, especially following some of the commentary that we got from Fed officials this week, what does that signal more broadly for the AI trade, meaning, is there a reason to be a bit more cautious in this higher for longer rate environment, at least, in the near term?

MATT BRYSON: Yeah. I think certainly from a market perspective, high interest rates weight on the market. Eventually, they weigh on consumer spending. Certainly, for a lot of the chip names, they’re high multiple stocks.

When you think about where there can be more of a reaction or a negative reaction to high interest rates, certainly, it has some impact on those names. But in terms of, again, AI changing the fundamental landscape for tech, I don’t think that high interest rates or low interest rates will change that.

So when you think about Microsoft, Amazon, all of those large data center operators looking at AI, potentially, changing the landscape forever and wanting to make a bet on AI to make sure that they don’t miss that change, I don’t think whether interest rates are low or high are going to really affect their investment.

I think they’re going to go ahead and invest because no one wants to be the guy that missed the next technology wave.

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If pension funds can't see the case for investing in Canada, why should you? – The Globe and Mail

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It’s time to ask a rude question: Is Canada still worth investing in?

Before you rush to deliver an appropriately patriotic response, think about the issue for a moment.

A good place to begin is with the federal government’s announcement this week that it is forming a task force under former Bank of Canada governor Stephen Poloz. The task force’s job will be to find ways to encourage Canadian pension funds to invest more of their assets in Canada.

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Wooing pension funds has become a high-priority matter for Ottawa because, at the moment, these big institutional investors don’t invest all that much in Canada. The Canada Pension Plan Investment Board, for instance, had a mere 14 per cent of its massive $570-billion portfolio in Canadian assets at the end of its last fiscal year.

Other major Canadian pension plans have similar allocations, especially if you look beyond their holdings of government bonds and consider only their investments in stocks, infrastructure and real assets. When it comes to such risky assets, these big, sophisticated players often see more potential for good returns outside of Canada than at home.

This leads to a simple question: If the CPPIB and other sophisticated investors aren’t overwhelmed by Canada’s investment appeal, why should you and I be?

It’s not as if Canadian stocks have a record of outstanding success. Over the past decade, they have lagged far behind the juicy returns of the U.S.-based S&P 500.

To be fair, other countries have also fallen short of Wall Street’s glorious run. Still, Canadian stocks have only a middling record over the past 10 years even when measured against other non-U.S. peers. They have trailed French and Japanese stocks and achieved much the same results as their Australian counterparts. There is no obvious Canadian edge.

There are also no obvious reasons to think this middle-of-the-pack record will suddenly improve.

A generation of mismanagement by both major Canadian political parties has spawned a housing crisis and kneecapped productivity growth. It has driven household debt burdens to scary levels.

Policy makers appear unwilling to take bold action on many long-standing problems. Interprovincial trade barriers remain scandalously high, supply-managed agriculture continues to coddle inefficient small producers, and tax policy still pushes people to invest in homes rather than in productive enterprises.

From an investor’s perspective, the situation is not that appetizing. A handful of big banks, a cluster of energy producers and a pair of railways dominate Canada’s stock market. They are solid businesses, yes, but they are also mature industries, with less than thrilling growth prospects.

What is largely missing from the Canadian stock scene are big companies with the potential to expand and innovate around the globe. Shopify Inc. SHOP-T and Brookfield Corp. BN-T qualify. After that, the pickings get scarce, especially in areas such as health care, technology and retailing.

So why hold Canadian stocks at all? Four rationales come to mind:

  • Canadian stocks have lower political risk than U.S. stocks, especially in the run-up to this year’s U.S. presidential election. They also are far away from the front lines of any potential European or Asian conflict.
  • They are cheaper than U.S. stocks on many metrics, including price-to-earnings ratios, price-to-book ratios and dividend yields. Scored in terms of these standard market metrics, they are valued more or less in line with European and Japanese stocks, according to Citigroup calculations.
  • Canadian dividends carry some tax advantages and holding reliable Canadian dividend payers means you don’t have to worry about exchange-rate fluctuations.
  • Despite what you may think, Canada’s fiscal situation actually looks relatively benign. Many countries have seen an explosion of debt since the pandemic hit, but our projected deficits are nowhere near as worrisome as those in the United States, China, Italy or Britain, according to International Monetary Fund figures.

How compelling you find these rationales will depend upon your personal circumstances. Based strictly on the numbers, Canadian stocks look like ho-hum investments – they’re reasonable enough places to put your money, but they fail to stand out compared with what is available globally.

Canadians, though, have always displayed a striking fondness for homebrew. Canadian stocks make up only a smidgen of the global market – about 3 per cent, to be precise – but Canadians typically pour more than half of their total stock market investments into Canadian stocks, according to the International Monetary Fund. This home market bias is hard to justify on any rational basis.

What is more reasonable? Vanguard Canada crunched the historical data in a report last year and concluded that Canadian investors could achieve the best balance between risk and reward by devoting only about 30 per cent of their equity holdings to Canadian stocks.

This seems to be more or less in line with what many Canadian pension funds currently do. They have about half their portfolio in equities, so devoting 30 per cent of that half to domestic stocks works out to holding about 15 per cent of their total portfolio in Canadian equities.

That modest allocation to Canadian stocks is a useful model for Canadian investors of all sizes. And if Ottawa doesn’t like it? Perhaps it could do more to make Canada an attractive investment destination.

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