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Doctor explains why Canada is hedging its bets when it comes to a coronavirus vaccine – CBC.ca

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Canada has struck deals with four different drug companies to procure a potential COVID-19 vaccine, but an infectious diseases specialist says it’s still too early to know what bet will be worth taking.

U.S. biotech firm Novavax announced Monday it has negotiated an agreement with the federal government to produce 76 million doses of its potential coronavirus vaccine, should it get Health Canada approval. Later in the day, the government said it struck a separate deal with Johnson & Johnson for 38 million doses of its potential vaccine.

This comes on top of existing deals with Pfizer and Moderna — and there could more in the works. 

“We have multiple contracts in place with multiple suppliers because at this stage, no one knows which vaccine is going to be successful,” Public Services and Procurement Minister Anita Anand told reporters on Monday.

Dr. Michael Gardam, an infectious disease specialist at Women’s College Hospital in Toronto, spoke to As It Happens guest host Helen Mann about what we do and don’t know about the possible vaccines. Here is part of their conversation.

How hopeful do you think Canadians should be right now, knowing that our government has pre-ordered millions of [potential] COVID-19 vaccine doses from four different companies?

I think most people believe that there will be a vaccine available within the next year. And, you know, the early evidence suggests that vaccines are likely to be effective.

What we don’t know, of course, is which vaccines are going to be effective. So we don’t know which company ultimately is going to have the best vaccine and also the safest vaccine.

And of course, we also don’t know: is this something you get once? Do you get a booster every year? Those are all questions that will be answered.

But I think at these early stages, I certainly think we should be reasonably optimistic.

Health Minister Patty Hajdu tells reporters a vaccine for COVID-19 will be more effective if large numbers of people get it. 1:00

Novavax is a Maryland-based biotech company which has never brought a vaccine to market. It’s still in Phase 2 of vaccine trials with a pretty small sample size. What’s encouraging about that particular vaccine?

They do have some encouraging early results. It is a slightly more traditional vaccine. And I think that, you know, as the minister said, they’re hedging their bets.

[The government is] looking at different types of vaccines from four different manufacturers, you know, three of which are very well-known manufacturers. And they’re just kind of playing the field in terms of the companies to make sure that they’ve got a reasonable chance that at least one of these is going to be successful.

You say the Novavax version is a fairly traditional vaccine. How does that compare to, say, the Moderna vaccine that the government’s also placed an order with?

Some of these vaccines that we’re talking about are actually using genetic material from the virus. So basically, you’re injecting genetic material. It could be directly. It could be through a virus vector. And then your body is actually producing the proteins that your body is then going to react to, versus more traditional vaccines, which are actually giving you the protein that your body is going to react to.

So these are all different strategies for vaccines, and the ones giving the genetic material are relatively new strategies.

Canada had been collaborating with a Chinese company. It was called CanSino, the co-operation. There were promising reports about that vaccine with the clinical trials supposed to be happening here in Canada. That was abandoned last week. Did we lose out on a big player there?

It’s hard to know. I don’t know the inner workings as to why they made that particular decision.

There were reports the Chinese government refused to ship that vaccine to Canada. I’m just wondering if there’s concerns about political tension between China and Canada playing a role in this?

Honestly, I think there should be concerns about political tensions between Canada and multiple other countries. I mean, we’ve seen this previously in pandemics. And we even have, in our Canadian pandemic plan, the idea that we should have local domestic manufacturers, we should have local stockpiles for that exact reason.

When you get a global emergency, collaboration between countries can often fall by the wayside, and it’s kind of every man for themselves. And we’ve certainly seen that in the United States, for example, where they’ve tried to corner the market on various antiviral drugs and, you know, presumably possibly with U.S.-manufactured vaccines as well.

(CBC News)

Right now, we see [U.S.] President [Donald] Trump has launched this thing called Operation Warp Speed some time ago. And we’ve seen how protectionist he has been, putting Americans first being his motto. Should Canada be taking a similar approach, a more aggressive internal response?

I just think you have to make sure that your Canadian supply — be it personal protective equipment, be it a vaccine, whatever — that your supply is secure.

But I also don’t want us to turn our backs on the rest of the world. Because Canada, I mean, is still a very rich country, and we still have … a lot of help we could potentially give to other countries that are less fortunate than us.

It’s become kind of a joke that we’re all sort of amateur epidemiologists looking for little clues as to what might happen. But given your expertise, what are you looking for as the clinical trials progress?

What we’re looking for is a very clear benefit to being vaccinated in terms of your risk of infection, [and] your risk of serious disease is dramatically reduced with the vaccine versus placebo.

And then what we want to see, of course, is that it’s safe. You want to know that after that Phase 3 trial, that you’ve given it to tens of thousands of people and there are no significant side-effects beyond a sore arm and that sort of thing.

We don’t have that information yet. And still, it’s why I sort of say that I’m cautiously optimistic. We still have a ways to go until we actually have a vaccine that’s proven safe, manufactured and then given out to Canadians.

The other thing, of course, is the concern that we might be betting on the wrong horse or the wrong horses and be left with no COVID-19 vaccine. Is that a legitimate concern?

Betting on multiple horses is a very smart strategy. I’d be very concerned if we only had one vaccine that we were lining up behind. Obviously, you can’t bet on 100 different vaccines. So you have to draw the line somewhere.

It’s hard to know ahead of time whether four is enough. There’s reasonable expectation that at least, you know, one or more of these vaccines is going to be successful. So I think it’s a reasonable hedge.

If it turns out a year from now, none of these work, then Canada will have completely dropped the ball. If it turns out that all four of them work, then we’ll look like geniuses, right?

Then there’s the whole rollout and making sure that all of us get that vaccine, or the people who need it first get it. Do you have concerns or advice about how that could be done in the most efficient way possible?

That’s one of the challenges with vaccination strategies and emergencies like this, is that it’s not enough to just have the vaccine. You actually have to get it to people. And we certainly saw in 2009 with the H1N1 pandemic that, you know, there were long lineups, there was confusion where people could get it, et cetera.

So I think a lot of planning early on to make sure that people can get this in as many different places as humanly possible would be very, very helpful.


Written by Sheena Goodyear with files from CBC News. Interview produced by Jeanne Armstrong. Q&A has been edited for length and clarity.

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Telus prioritizing ‘most important customers,’ avoiding ‘unprofitable’ offers: CFO

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Telus Corp. says it is avoiding offering “unprofitable” discounts as fierce competition in the Canadian telecommunications sector shows no sign of slowing down.

The company said Friday it had fewer net new customers during its third quarter compared with the same time last year, as it copes with increasingly “aggressive marketing and promotional pricing” that is prompting more customers to switch providers.

Telus said it added 347,000 net new customers, down around 14.5 per cent compared with last year. The figure includes 130,000 mobile phone subscribers and 34,000 internet customers, down 30,000 and 3,000, respectively, year-over-year.

The company reported its mobile phone churn rate — a metric measuring subscribers who cancelled their services — was 1.09 per cent in the third quarter, up from 1.03 per cent in the third quarter of 2023. That included a postpaid mobile phone churn rate of 0.90 per cent in its latest quarter.

Telus said its focus is on customer retention through its “industry-leading service and network quality, along with successful promotions and bundled offerings.”

“The customers we have are the most important customers we can get,” said chief financial officer Doug French in an interview.

“We’ve, again, just continued to focus on what matters most to our customers, from a product and customer service perspective, while not loading unprofitable customers.”

Meanwhile, Telus reported its net income attributable to common shares more than doubled during its third quarter.

The telecommunications company said it earned $280 million, up 105.9 per cent from the same three-month period in 2023. Earnings per diluted share for the quarter ended Sept. 30 was 19 cents compared with nine cents a year earlier.

It reported adjusted net income was $413 million, up 10.7 per cent year-over-year from $373 million in the same quarter last year. Operating revenue and other income for the quarter was $5.1 billion, up 1.8 per cent from the previous year.

Mobile phone average revenue per user was $58.85 in the third quarter, a decrease of $2.09 or 3.4 per cent from a year ago. Telus said the drop was attributable to customers signing up for base rate plans with lower prices, along with a decline in overage and roaming revenues.

It said customers are increasingly adopting unlimited data and Canada-U.S. plans which provide higher and more stable ARPU on a monthly basis.

“In a tough operating environment and relative to peers, we view Q3 results that were in line to slightly better than forecast as the best of the bunch,” said RBC analyst Drew McReynolds in a note.

Scotiabank analyst Maher Yaghi added that “the telecom industry in Canada remains very challenging for all players, however, Telus has been able to face these pressures” and still deliver growth.

The Big 3 telecom providers — which also include Rogers Communications Inc. and BCE Inc. — have frequently stressed that the market has grown more competitive in recent years, especially after the closing of Quebecor Inc.’s purchase of Freedom Mobile in April 2023.

Hailed as a fourth national carrier, Quebecor has invested in enhancements to Freedom’s network while offering more affordable plans as part of a set of commitments it was mandated by Ottawa to agree to.

The cost of telephone services in September was down eight per cent compared with a year earlier, according to Statistics Canada’s most recent inflation report last month.

“I think competition has been and continues to be, I’d say, quite intense in Canada, and we’ve obviously had to just manage our business the way we see fit,” said French.

Asked how long that environment could last, he said that’s out of Telus’ hands.

“What I can control, though, is how we go to market and how we lead with our products,” he said.

“I think the conditions within the market will have to adjust accordingly over time. We’ve continued to focus on digitization, continued to bring our cost structure down to compete, irrespective of the price and the current market conditions.”

Still, Canada’s telecom regulator continues to warn providers about customers facing more charges on their cellphone and internet bills.

On Tuesday, CRTC vice-president of consumer, analytics and strategy Scott Hutton called on providers to ensure they clearly inform their customers of charges such as early cancellation fees.

That followed statements from the regulator in recent weeks cautioning against rising international roaming fees and “surprise” price increases being found on their bills.

Hutton said the CRTC plans to launch public consultations in the coming weeks that will focus “on ensuring that information is clear and consistent, making it easier to compare offers and switch services or providers.”

“The CRTC is concerned with recent trends, which suggest that Canadians may not be benefiting from the full protections of our codes,” he said.

“We will continue to monitor developments and will take further action if our codes are not being followed.”

French said any initiative to boost transparency is a step in the right direction.

“I can’t say we are perfect across the board, but what I can say is we are absolutely taking it under consideration and trying to be the best at communicating with our customers,” he said.

“I think everyone looking in the mirror would say there’s room for improvement.”

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 8, 2024.

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TC Energy cuts cost estimate for Southeast Gateway pipeline project in Mexico

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CALGARY – TC Energy Corp. has lowered the estimated cost of its Southeast Gateway pipeline project in Mexico.

It says it now expects the project to cost between US$3.9 billion and US$4.1 billion compared with its original estimate of US$4.5 billion.

The change came as the company reported a third-quarter profit attributable to common shareholders of C$1.46 billion or $1.40 per share compared with a loss of C$197 million or 19 cents per share in the same quarter last year.

Revenue for the quarter ended Sept. 30 totalled C$4.08 billion, up from C$3.94 billion in the third quarter of 2023.

TC Energy says its comparable earnings for its latest quarter amounted to C$1.03 per share compared with C$1.00 per share a year earlier.

The average analyst estimate had been for a profit of 95 cents per share, according to LSEG Data & Analytics.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 7, 2024.

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BCE reports Q3 loss on asset impairment charge, cuts revenue guidance

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BCE Inc. reported a loss in its latest quarter as it recorded $2.11 billion in asset impairment charges, mainly related to Bell Media’s TV and radio properties.

The company says its net loss attributable to common shareholders amounted to $1.24 billion or $1.36 per share for the quarter ended Sept. 30 compared with a profit of $640 million or 70 cents per share a year earlier.

On an adjusted basis, BCE says it earned 75 cents per share in its latest quarter compared with an adjusted profit of 81 cents per share in the same quarter last year.

“Bell’s results for the third quarter demonstrate that we are disciplined in our pursuit of profitable growth in an intensely competitive environment,” BCE chief executive Mirko Bibic said in a statement.

“Our focus this quarter, and throughout 2024, has been to attract higher-margin subscribers and reduce costs to help offset short-term revenue impacts from sustained competitive pricing pressures, slow economic growth and a media advertising market that is in transition.”

Operating revenue for the quarter totalled $5.97 billion, down from $6.08 billion in its third quarter of 2023.

BCE also said it now expects its revenue for 2024 to fall about 1.5 per cent compared with earlier guidance for an increase of zero to four per cent.

The company says the change comes as it faces lower-than-anticipated wireless product revenue and sustained pressure on wireless prices.

BCE added 33,111 net postpaid mobile phone subscribers, down 76.8 per cent from the same period last year, which was the company’s second-best performance on the metric since 2010.

It says the drop was driven by higher customer churn — a measure of subscribers who cancelled their service — amid greater competitive activity and promotional offer intensity. BCE’s monthly churn rate for the category was 1.28 per cent, up from 1.1 per cent during its previous third quarter.

The company also saw 11.6 per cent fewer gross subscriber activations “due to more targeted promotional offers and mobile device discounting compared to last year.”

Bell’s wireless mobile phone average revenue per user was $58.26, down 3.4 per cent from $60.28 in the third quarter of the prior year.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 7, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:BCE)

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