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Health Canada approves RSV vaccine for maternal immunization

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Health Canada has approved a new vaccine geared toward protecting two groups most severely affected by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV): newborns, who would receive antibodies through maternal immunization, and Canadians over 60.

Pfizer Canada’s bivalent vaccine, called Abrysvo, aims to prevent lower respiratory tract disease caused by the virus.

It is the first RSV vaccine in Canada approved for use in pregnancy to provide protection for infants from birth to six months of age, and the second approved for seniors aged 60 and over.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the vaccine for those same two groups in 2023.

RSV is a common but highly contagious respiratory virus that typically causes cold-like symptoms. For more vulnerable populations — including infants, older adults or those with respiratory or cardiac conditions — RSV can lead to more severe illness, such as bronchiolitis or pneumonia, and potential hospitalization.

A picture of the respiratory syncytial virus taken via electron micrograph.
An electron micrograph of respiratory syncytial virus, also known as RSV. (CDC/The Associated Press)

A one-shot dose of the Pfizer vaccine given to pregnant individuals during the third trimester (from 32 through 36 weeks) would produce antibodies that pass from parent to the infant. Immunization during pregnancy is already recommended for other diseases, including COVID-19, influenza and pertussis.

For older adults, the dose is also a single shot.

Last August, Health Canada approved another RSV vaccine for seniors from manufacturer GSK. In spring 2023, the agency approved an antibody drug called nirsevimab to help protect newborns and infants from severe illness from RSV.

RSV is a leading cause of hospitalization in infants and young children.

“The first time that an infant encounters RSV and they have no prior immunity to the virus at all, that’s when the virus has the greatest chance of getting from the upper respiratory tract and down into the lungs,” explained Dr. Jesse Papenburg, a pediatric infectious diseases specialist at the Montreal Children’s Hospital.

“When they have a lung infection, it’s difficult for them to have to deal with those secretions in the lungs. They may require help in terms of oxygen support, ventilatory support or IV hydration because they’re having such a hard time breathing that they wind up not even being able to drink.”

The availability of a vaccine given during pregnancy, as well as an antibody drug that can be given to newborns and infants, potentially could “substantially reduce the burden of RSV in Canadian children,” he noted.

Consideration of availability, accessibility

According to Health Canada, federal officials will now work with provincial and territorial counterparts to determine interest, potential demand and timelines of introducing these products into RSV vaccination programs.

“We’re looking at the winter of 2024-25. That’s when I would expect to see one or both of these products being available for use in Canada,” Papenburg said.

Key factors include availability — nirsevimab, for example, was approved in Canada in 2023 but there was none available due to extremely high demand in the U.S., Papenburg said — and whether the products will be accessible to every Canadian who wants them.

“I’m a big proponent of universal vaccination programs, but we still can’t neglect the cost of these universal vaccination programs on our health-care system. So these economic analyses are important to help us better decide how to use our health-care dollars,” he said.

 

ERs under pressure from staffing shortages, respiratory illnesses

Staffing shortages and a surge in respiratory illnesses are putting pressure on Canada’s emergency rooms, and experts are urging people to update their vaccinations.

Amid the current cold and flu season, rising cases of RSV, influenza, COVID-19 and other viruses have put intense pressure on emergency rooms across the country.

The introduction of new tools to fight RSV can’t come soon enough, according Dr. Fatima Kakkar, a pediatric infectious diseases specialist and clinician-researcher at Sainte-Justine University Health Center in Montreal.

“They should be absolutely widely available. I think the provincial committees have a job to sort of make the official recommendations and encourage people and set up the optimal timing,” she said.

“We can’t really delay one or two years.”

A spokesperson for Pfizer Canada said the company is assessing the availability of its RSV vaccine, consulting with different stakeholders regarding cost and on how to bring it to Canadians “as quickly as possible.”

 

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Five things to know about the Bloc Québécois’ newest riding, LaSalle-Émard-Verdun

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MONTREAL – The Bloc Québécois dealt a painful blow to Prime Minister Justin Trudeau in Monday’s byelection, winning the Liberal stronghold of LaSalle-Émard-Verdun by 248 votes. Here are five things to know about the Montreal riding.

1. It’s existed since 2015

The riding is located southwest of downtown Montreal, and includes parts of the boroughs of Verdun, LaSalle, and the Sud-Ouest. It was created ahead of the 2015 election, and was originally named LaSalle-Verdun. Liberal David Lametti, who was justice minister from 2019 to 2023, held the riding from its creation to his resignation earlier this year.

2. It’s been home to political heavyweights

The riding, in both its past and current forms, has been represented by a number of prominent politicians including former prime minister Paul Martin, who held the LaSalle-Émard riding for 20 years, from 1988 to 2008. Liza Frulla, who held several cabinet posts in Martin’s government, represented the former district of Jeanne-Le Ber, parts of which are in the territory of LaSalle-Émard-Verdun.

3. It’s considered a Liberal stronghold, but parts of it have changed hands before.

LaSalle-Émard-Verdun has been described as a Liberal stronghold, and sections of it have been staunchly Liberal for decades. However, Jeanne-Le Ber was won by three different parties during its existence — between 2004 and 2015 — including the Liberals, NDP and the Bloc Québécois, which held it from 2006 to 2011. Both Jeanne-Le Ber and LaSalle-Émard voted NDP during the so-called “orange wave” of 2011.

4. It’s linguistically mixed

More than 55 per cent of residents reported speaking French most often at home, compared to just over one-quarter who reported speaking English, and 12.5 per cent who spoke a non-official language, according to census data reported by the Libary of Parliament. Spanish, Mandarin and Italian are among the most frequently spoken languages besides English and French.

5. Bloc Québécois gains

The Bloc’s Louis-Philippe Sauvé earned 28 per cent of the vote in a tight three-way battle over Liberal Laura Palestini, who finished second, and the NDP’s Craig Sauvé, who was third. The win represents a rise in the fortunes of the Bloc since the last election in 2021, when the party’s candidate finished a distant second to Lametti in the riding. The party’s only other seat on the Island of Montreal is La Pointe-de-l’Île, in the east end, held by Mario Beaulieu. The Bloc now has 33 seats in Parliament.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 17, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.



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Canada consulting with allies on possible involvement in AUKUS security pact

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OTTAWA – Canada is in consultations with the U.K., the U.S. and Australia about possible collaboration in the security pact known as AUKUS.

The trilateral deal was struck three years ago in an effort to boost security in the Indo-Pacific region by building a fleet of nuclear-powered submarines for Australia.

Some Canadian military leaders have expressed dismay that Canada was not part of the deal as they pushed the government to commit to replacing the Victoria-class submarine fleet.

The so-called second pillar of AUKUS is focused on military interoperability and advanced technologies including AI.

In a joint statement, the three countries say they are already working with Japan on the second pillar priorities, and will now consult with Canada, South Korea and New Zealand about ways they can get involved.

The Defence Department recently issued a request for information as it works toward buying a new fleet of conventionally powered submarines as part of its updated defence policy, which is focused heavily on the Arctic.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 17, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.



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Politicians must be promptly advised of cyberthreats, Conservative MP tells inquiry

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OTTAWA – Conservative MP Garnett Genuis told a federal inquiry today that parliamentarians who were targeted by Chinese hackers could have taken immediate protective steps if they had been informed sooner.

It emerged earlier this year that in 2021 some MPs and senators faced cyberattacks from the hackers because of their involvement with the Inter-Parliamentary Alliance on China, which pushes for accountability from Beijing.

In 2022, U.S. authorities apparently informed the Canadian government of the attacks, and it in turn advised parliamentary IT officials — but not individual MPs.

Genuis, a Canadian co-chair of the inter-parliamentary alliance, told a federal commission of inquiry on foreign interference today that it remains mysterious to him why he wasn’t informed about the attacks sooner.

Liberal MP John McKay, also a Canadian co-chair of the alliance, said there should be a clear protocol for advising parliamentarians of cyberthreats.

Several weeks of public inquiry hearings will focus on the capacity of federal agencies to detect, deter and counter foreign meddling.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 17, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.



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