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Highlights from Berkshire Hathaway’s annual report and Warren Buffett’s letter By Investing.com

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© Reuters.

By Daniel Shvartsman

Investing.com — Berkshire Hathaway (NYSE:) (NYSE:), the Warren Buffett-led insurance and industrial conglomerate, reported record operating earnings in 2022 even as its net income line showed deep losses due to the bear market on Wall Street last year.

Berkshire Hathaway’s operating earnings, which is Buffett’s preferred figure to measure the company’s growth as it is adjusted to remove net capital gains or losses during the year, was $30.79B, 12.2% above 2021’s figure. GAAP net income came in as a loss of $22.8B. In his annual letter to shareholders that came out Saturday, Buffett reiterated his preference to focus on operating earnings, saying that capital gains’ “quarter-by-quarter gyrations, regularly and mindlessly headlined by media, totally misinform investors.”

Indeed, Berkshire Hathaway’s book value also dropped in 2022, with the drop in Berkshire’s equity securities’ value amounting to more than the book value drop.

Berkshire Hathaway’s annual report, Buffett’s annual letter, and Berkshire’s annual shareholder meeting in May are all hotly followed as indicators of the state of the economy, both given Buffett’s accumulated insight into the state of the economy – with his partner and Berkshire Hathaway vice chairman Charlie Munger – and Berkshire Hathaway’s conglomerate nature, which offers read-throughs to the wider economy.

Here are some highlights from Buffett’s letter and the report:

In defense of capitalism, the U.S., and Berkshire’s corporate citizenship

Buffett’s letter was short on comments about his portfolio, the post-Buffett future of Berkshire Hathaway, or whether the market is more fairly valued after saying ‘little excites us’ a year ago.

Instead, he seemed to make a philosophical and political argument. Buffett made clear the value of share buybacks, noting that Berkshire Hathaway reduced the share count 1.2% from the 2021 annual report to the 2022 annual report (buying back $7.85 billion in shares in 2022) to the benefit of shareholders. But he also stated that, “When you are told that all repurchases are harmful to shareholders or to the country, or particularly beneficial to CEOs, you are listening to either an economic illiterate or a silver-tongued demagogue (characters that are not mutually exclusive),” pushing back on criticism but also perhaps the calls for .

Buffett also spent a section of the letter pointing out that Berkshire paid $32 billion in corporate taxes in the decade ending 2021, amounting to .1% of all federal taxes collected in that period, as a reminder that Berkshire is doing its part. This, combined with his praise of Berkshire Hathaway shareholders who tend to donate their wealth to charity, amounted to defense of Berkshire’s position in the U.S. social fabric.

He coupled that with his continued defense of America, however, saying, “I have yet to see a time when it made sense to make a long-term bet against America. And I doubt very much that any reader of this letter will have a different experience in the future.

A turning point for GEICO?

Berkshire’s insurance businesses ended up posting a $90 million loss for the year, but Q4 marked a gain of $234 million. GEICO has been the main cause of the loss as compared to past years, struggling with pricing amidst increased claims severity (in part related to used car price inflation).

The auto insurer still lost $440M in Q4, but this was a narrowing compared to Q3. The report cited a reduction in underwriting expenses related to less advertising, an 8.9% drop in policies in force for the year, and an 11.3% increase in average premium pricing for the year. This suggests GEICO is competing less for less-profitable business and adjusting to the increased severity. Throw in any moderation for used car inflation – claims severities were up 14-16% for collision and 21-22% for property damage – and GEICO may have a stronger 2023.

Berkshire at least thinks so, saying it expects an underwriting profit for the year from the unit.

Inflation Vs. Recession

Berkshire’s various businesses struggled with cost inflation and lessening volumes while also benefiting from price inflation. The question is whether those dynamics continue, or whether a recession or conversely a soft landing plays out.

Berkshire’s railroad segment grew revenues 11.9% but operating earnings drop 2.4% and net earnings drop .7% due to this prices up but costs up and volumes down dynamic. The energy and utilities business grew earnings by 9.3%, and the manufacturing segment grew earnings 12.5%. But in regard to the latter, the firm wrote that, “demand began to weaken in the second half of the year at certain of our businesses.”

The importance of long-term investing

While Buffett didn’t comment much on Berkshire Hathaway’s portfolio positions, he talked about the secret sauce to their investment strategy: long-term thinking, and focus.

Buffett cited Berkshire’s positions in Coca-Cola (NYSE:) and American Express (NYSE:), where the buying was mostly done in 1994 and 1995 for $1.3 billion each, and which now return dividends to Berkshire of a combined $1 billion (a 38.5% yield on cost). Pleasing, but “far from spectacular”, Buffett wrote. The key is the capital appreciation, as he noted that each position amounts to 5% of Berkshire’s current net worth, at $25 billion (Coke) and $22 billion (Amex) respectively.

Buffett’s conclusion: “The lesson for investors: The weeds wither away in significance as the flowers bloom. Over time, it takes just a few winners to work wonders. And, yes, it helps to start early and live into your 90s as well.”

This might explain why the firm’s most recent form 13F filing didn’t contain : not everything happens in a given quarter.

Catch up on historic statistics about Berkshire Hathaway.

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Economy

S&P/TSX composite tops 24,000 points for first time, U.S. markets also rise Thursday

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TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index closed above 24,000 for the first time Thursday as strength in base metals and other sectors outweighed losses in energy, while U.S. markets also rose and the S&P 500 notched another record as well.

“Another day, another record,” said Angelo Kourkafas, senior investment strategist at Edward Jones.

“The path of least resistance continues to be higher.”

The S&P/TSX composite index closed up 127.95 points at 24,033.83.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 260.36 points at 42,175.11. The S&P 500 index was up 23.11 points at 5,745.37, while the Nasdaq composite was up 108.09 points at 18,190.29.

Markets continue to be optimistic about an economic soft landing, said Kourkafas, after the U.S. Federal Reserve last week announced an outsized cut to its key interest rate following months of speculation about when it would start easing policy.

Economic data Thursday added to the story that the U.S. economy remains resilient despite higher rates, said Kourkafas.

The U.S. economy grew at a three-per-cent annual rate in the second quarter, one report said, picking up from the first quarter of the year. Another report showed fewer U.S. workers applied for unemployment benefits last week.

The data shows “the economy remains on strong footing while the Fed is pivoting now in a decisive way towards an easier policy,” said Kourkafas.

The Fed’s decisive move gave investors more reason to believe that a soft landing is still the “base case scenario,” he said, “and likely reduces the downside risks for a recession by having the Fed moving too late or falling behind the curve.”

North of the border, the TSX usually gets a boost from Wall St. strength, said Kourkafas, but on Thursday the index also reflected some optimism of its own as the Bank of Canada has already cut rates three times to address weakening in the economy.

“The Bank of Canada likely now will be emboldened by the Fed,” he said.

“They didn’t want to move too far ahead of the Fed, and now that the Fed moved in a bigger-than-expected way, that provides more room for the Bank of Canada to cut as aggressively as needed to support the economy, given that inflation is within the target range.”

The TSX has also been benefiting from strength in materials after China’s central bank announced several measures meant to support the company’s economy, said Kourkafas.

However, energy stocks dragged on the Canadian index as oil prices fell Thursday following a report that Saudi Arabia was preparing to abandon its unofficial US$100-per-barrel price target for crude as it prepares to increase its output.

The Canadian dollar traded for 74.22 cents US compared with 74.28 cents US on Wednesday.

The November crude oil contract was down US$2.02 at US$67.67 per barrel and the November natural gas contract was down seven cents at US$2.75 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was up US$10.20 at US$2,694.90 an ounce and the December copper contract was up 15 cents at US$4.64 a pound.

— With files from The Associated Press

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 26, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Economy

S&P/TSX composite up more than 100 points, U.S. stocks also higher

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TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index was up more than 100 points in late-morning trading, helped by strength in the base metal sector, while U.S. stock markets were also higher.

The S&P/TSX composite index was 143.00 points at 24,048.88.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 174.22 points at 42,088.97. The S&P 500 index was up 10.23 points at 5,732.49, while the Nasdaq composite was up 30.02 points at 18,112.23.

The Canadian dollar traded for 74.23 cents US compared with 74.28 cents US on Wednesday.

The November crude oil contract was down US$1.68 at US$68.01 per barrel and the November natural gas contract was down six cents at US$2.75 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was up US$4.40 at US$2,689.10 an ounce and the December copper contract was up 13 cents at US$4.62 a pound.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 26, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Investment

Tempted to switch to an online-only bank? Know the perks and drawbacks

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Switching to an online-only bank more than a decade ago was just another way Jessica Morgan was trying to save money at the time as a new grad.

“Saving money was the main motivator,” Morgan, now a financial educator and founder of Canadianbudget.ca, recalled.

“After graduating, you no longer qualify for student rates where you might get free banking and I didn’t want to go back to paying fees for giving the bank my money to hold.”

Digital lenders have grown in popularity in recent years, with more players popping up in the sector and traditional banks beefing up their online offerings. But some Canadians may still be hesitant to bank with a financial firm that doesn’t have physical branches where you can talk to an employee face-to-face.

Natasha Macmillan, director of everyday banking at Ratehub.ca, says some of that hesitancy to switch to an online lender is loyalty.

“There’s a large portion of Canadians who have had the same bank account for many years … they’re just hesitant to switch because it’s what they know.”

Tedious paperwork to switch banks can also discourage many Canadians from making the move despite the ease of opening online-only bank accounts, Macmillan added.

“There’s that aspect of you still need to sit down, do your research and then pick that online-only bank,” she said.

Data security concerns have also sowed seeds of doubt among many who are contemplating the switch, and prefer to continue to work with traditional banks with long-established reputations, Macmillan said.

Morgan said she often hears concerns from her clients — “What if I need help? Is this bank safe to use?” or more logistical questions, such as having access to an ATM or getting certified cheques.

One of the only major snags she personally recalls running into with her online lender was when she was purchasing a home.

“I needed to get a certified cheque, like, right away if I was going to put in an offer,” Morgan said. “You can get a certified cheque but it takes three days or so. They courier it to you.” She ended up going to her husband’s traditional bank to get day-of service.

Most online-only banks tend to offer banking products, such as savings accounts, with higher interest rates compared with traditional banks. Many also offer access to cash through any bank ATM without charge.

“Digital banks have generally a lower cost structure than a traditional bank and those savings will be passed on to the customer,” said Mahima Poddar, group head of personal banking at EQ Bank. For example, EQ offers a high-interest chequing account with no fees on everyday banking and unlimited transactions.

But customers should be aware they can’t deposit cash into their account and they can only withdraw bills, not coins.

“We don’t offer depositing of cash, but all of our research has shown that the use of cash is really diminishing,” Poddar said. “There are very few reasons why you need to urgently deposit.”

Customers also have to get used to doing all their banking by phone or through the company’s website or app.

Poddar added she thinks Canadians are more open to change, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, which accelerated the need for better online banking services.

While trust in traditional institutions plays a strong role in choosing a bank, Poddar said EQ has the same level of protection and is governed by the same regulators as the big six banks in the country.

Lisa Brandt, 61, switched to online-only Manulife Bank more than five years ago. She says she has benefited from the move and has saved a lot of money over time on various banking fees.

“It puts me in the driver’s seat,” she said.

However, she did run into an issue once with depositing a cheque after she sold her home.

“If you’re going to deposit a couple hundred thousand dollars from a house sale, you’ll have to courier (the cheque) to them,” she said.

“It’s not quite as simple as walking into a branch and saying, ‘Give me my money.'”

While many online-only banks have been growing their consumer banking product offerings, traditional banks tend to have more financial product options, not only for individuals but also for small businesses.

“What we have heard from some Canadians is while they might be moving their chequing, savings and GIC accounts to those (online-only) spaces, they’re still maintaining a mortgage with the big players,” Macmillan said.

It’s not about moving all assets to one bank but weighing options on an individual basis, such as picking a bank with the lowest fee on a chequing account but moving investments to another bank for a better return, she explained.

“We’re starting to see that flexibility where people are shopping around for the best opportunity that can give them the most bang for their buck,” Macmillan said.

She added it is important for people to identify why they’re thinking of switching and find an online-only bank that aligns with their goals.

“It’s finding that happy medium where you do feel trust and security, that lower cost and fees and also the convenience and accessibility,” Macmillan said.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 26, 2024.

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