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How student loans keep some people trapped in debt – CBC News

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When Samuel Bonne received $15,000 in student grants to fund his studies, he wasn’t expecting to have to pay it back. But just two years later — in the middle of the pandemic — those grants were converted to loans.

At the end of his sophomore year at the University of Toronto, the Ontario Student Assistance Program (OSAP) asked Bonne, originally from Mauritius, for his parents’ financial documents, but they couldn’t provide them.

“My dad works in Kenya and my mom doesn’t work,” said Bonne. “So I ended up having $15,000 in loans that I did not know about.”

Bonne, who became a permanent resident in 2018 on humanitarian grounds, says there was no consideration for the fact that his parents were not Canadian citizens and didn’t have the relevant documentation.

What’s more, the interest on OSAP loans rose from 4.7 per cent when Bonne entered university in fall 2018 to 7.95 per cent this spring when he graduated with a degree in biological chemistry.

“That’s when the interest starts taking over,” Bonne said.

Bonne was grateful that he was able to find summer work and receive a research grant, which allowed him to get a head start on his payments.

“I’m just not comfortable with the idea of taking that [debt] for the rest of my life,” he said.

But he isn’t in the clear yet. Bonne enters medical school at McGill University in Montreal this fall — and, pending other scholarship funding, he’s considering taking on a line of credit from a bank, which offers medical students loans of up to $350,000 to finance their medical education. 

Bonne isn’t sure what area of medicine he wants to pursue yet. But he wants to serve immigrants and other marginalized groups in Quebec, recalling a time after his family first came to Canada in 2009 when his sister got sick and they didn’t have a family doctor or a clinic they could go to.

“That’s a problem many immigrants face today. I don’t even have a family doctor; I’m still on a waitlist,” he said, darkly noting that he might be a family physician before he has one himself.

WATCH | Where are all the doctors? 

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7 months ago

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As one in five Canadians struggle to find a family doctor, CBC News set out to learn what’s driving so many from their jobs, and visits a community that may have found a solution.

Bonne says he’ll take the funding he needs but no more, noting that he also doesn’t have family support in Canada to fall back on in a crisis.

“One bedroom, one desk — that’s really all I need.”

‘Gateway debt’

Bonne is far from alone in his struggle with student debt; 1.9 million Canadians owed the federal government a total of $23.5 billion in student loans as of July 2022 — a number that only balloons further when including provincial loans and private debt. More than half of those who pursued professional programs such as medicine took on bank loans or lines of credit, according to a 2020 Statistics Canada report.

Erika Shaker, the director of the national office at the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, says this “gateway debt” perpetuates social inequality and prevents people from achieving financial independence.

“That debt that you graduate with sticks around,” she said. “It ends up with you postponing the choices that you can make, whether or not you can buy that house, whether or not you can buy a car, whether or not you can start a family.”

It’s a reality Ari Black knows well.

“I don’t have any financial goals. I can’t,” said Black, who teaches American Sign Language at Carleton University in Ottawa. “My financial goal is to make sure that I pay all of my bills, I don’t default on my student loan — and there’s groceries.”

WATCH | Petition takes aim at student loan interest:

Why Ari Black started a petition to eliminate all student loan interest

3 days ago

Duration 1:03

Ari Black, an instructor at Carleton University who teaches American Sign Language, explains why he started a petition to eliminate student loan interest in all jurisdictions.

Black says he’s been on interest-only payments since he graduated with a master of education from the University of Ottawa in 2019. As such, the student-turned-activist has made little progress paying off the principal. But he stresses that he had a little choice, especially given the limited income he makes teaching.

With the increasing interest rates, Black says his monthly payments will soon increase by $500 to $600.

“We already have people choosing rent or food,” said Black. “I’m not in that situation, but I’m close to it.”

Black says he calls the National Student Loans Service Centre every six months to request to continue with interest-only payments. But while he was grateful to hear that federal loan interest was eliminated in April, he was also informed that provincial interest would continue — and that there was a 12-month cap on how long he could make interest-only payments.

So after a final period of reduced payments, he says he’ll likely have to apply for a repayment assistance plan.

All this led to Black starting an online petition to eliminate student loan interest at all levels of government. It has roughly 74 signatures.

Shaker says eliminating interest is “the least that can be done.”

A photo of a woman.
Erika Shaker, the director of the national office at the Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives, says student debt is a ‘gateway debt’ that perpetuates social inequality and prevents people from achieving financial independence. (Submitted by Erika Shaker)

“If we’re really looking at systemically addressing the issue, the answer is not more loans, not raising the loan ceiling,” she said. “It’s actually acknowledging that investing in post-secondary education is not just a commitment to the students who want to pursue it, but it’s a commitment to future innovation, future equity.”

High costs of higher education

Shaker says pressure to make loan payments can also trap many former students in a cycle of precarity as they take on “whatever job[s] they can” to make ends meet. Beyond that, she stresses that the increasing costs of higher education excludes those whose families can’t or don’t support them — and those who have children or other dependants of their own.

Average undergraduate tuition fees for full-time domestic students have risen from $534 in 1972-73 to $6,834 in 2022-23. These figures are almost double what they would be if tuition rates grew proportionally with inflation.

“We need a much more honest understanding of who is going to post secondary,” said Shaker. “Otherwise we’re leaving out swaths of students who don’t fit this template and we’re reproducing the inequalities that already exist.”

Rania Phillips, a recent graduate of the Rotman School of Management at the University of Toronto, feels that the student financial aid system places too much emphasis on income over wealth.

“Things like expenses are very much affected by wealth,” she said. “Families who make less money but don’t necessarily have to pay a mortgage have a very different financial situation than families who do have a mortgage, especially in the current housing market.”

A young woman stands in front of a series of lockers.
Rania Phillips, a recent graduate of the Rotman School of Management at the University of Toronto, says the student financial aid system focuses too much on income over wealth. (Aloysius Wong/CBC)

Phillips worked three jobs in her final year of undergraduate studies and took a year off to work before pursuing a masters degree this fall. She says the pressure to make ends meet led her to only consider academic programs that would allow her to immediately start repaying her student loans.

“There’s certainly … a different way you carry yourself when you don’t have the constant stress of how you’re going to make the very basics of your education,” she said.

Despite his difficulties, Black says he’s appreciative of how the student loan system allowed him to pursue an education, and he intends to pay back “every cent.”

“I don’t want to give anyone the impression that I think that I’m somehow a blameless victim in this scenario — I’m not,” said Black. “I’m an active participant in my situation.”

But unlike a lease on a car or a mortgage on a house, he says, he can’t return the education he received — nor would he want to.

“I was gambling that I would succeed,” he said. “So far, it’s helping me, but it’s not helping me enough to keep up with what they are asking for. And I can’t give it to them to make up for it.

“There’s nothing for me to pay them back with — so I’m trapped in the system.”

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Telus prioritizing ‘most important customers,’ avoiding ‘unprofitable’ offers: CFO

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Telus Corp. says it is avoiding offering “unprofitable” discounts as fierce competition in the Canadian telecommunications sector shows no sign of slowing down.

The company said Friday it had fewer net new customers during its third quarter compared with the same time last year, as it copes with increasingly “aggressive marketing and promotional pricing” that is prompting more customers to switch providers.

Telus said it added 347,000 net new customers, down around 14.5 per cent compared with last year. The figure includes 130,000 mobile phone subscribers and 34,000 internet customers, down 30,000 and 3,000, respectively, year-over-year.

The company reported its mobile phone churn rate — a metric measuring subscribers who cancelled their services — was 1.09 per cent in the third quarter, up from 1.03 per cent in the third quarter of 2023. That included a postpaid mobile phone churn rate of 0.90 per cent in its latest quarter.

Telus said its focus is on customer retention through its “industry-leading service and network quality, along with successful promotions and bundled offerings.”

“The customers we have are the most important customers we can get,” said chief financial officer Doug French in an interview.

“We’ve, again, just continued to focus on what matters most to our customers, from a product and customer service perspective, while not loading unprofitable customers.”

Meanwhile, Telus reported its net income attributable to common shares more than doubled during its third quarter.

The telecommunications company said it earned $280 million, up 105.9 per cent from the same three-month period in 2023. Earnings per diluted share for the quarter ended Sept. 30 was 19 cents compared with nine cents a year earlier.

It reported adjusted net income was $413 million, up 10.7 per cent year-over-year from $373 million in the same quarter last year. Operating revenue and other income for the quarter was $5.1 billion, up 1.8 per cent from the previous year.

Mobile phone average revenue per user was $58.85 in the third quarter, a decrease of $2.09 or 3.4 per cent from a year ago. Telus said the drop was attributable to customers signing up for base rate plans with lower prices, along with a decline in overage and roaming revenues.

It said customers are increasingly adopting unlimited data and Canada-U.S. plans which provide higher and more stable ARPU on a monthly basis.

“In a tough operating environment and relative to peers, we view Q3 results that were in line to slightly better than forecast as the best of the bunch,” said RBC analyst Drew McReynolds in a note.

Scotiabank analyst Maher Yaghi added that “the telecom industry in Canada remains very challenging for all players, however, Telus has been able to face these pressures” and still deliver growth.

The Big 3 telecom providers — which also include Rogers Communications Inc. and BCE Inc. — have frequently stressed that the market has grown more competitive in recent years, especially after the closing of Quebecor Inc.’s purchase of Freedom Mobile in April 2023.

Hailed as a fourth national carrier, Quebecor has invested in enhancements to Freedom’s network while offering more affordable plans as part of a set of commitments it was mandated by Ottawa to agree to.

The cost of telephone services in September was down eight per cent compared with a year earlier, according to Statistics Canada’s most recent inflation report last month.

“I think competition has been and continues to be, I’d say, quite intense in Canada, and we’ve obviously had to just manage our business the way we see fit,” said French.

Asked how long that environment could last, he said that’s out of Telus’ hands.

“What I can control, though, is how we go to market and how we lead with our products,” he said.

“I think the conditions within the market will have to adjust accordingly over time. We’ve continued to focus on digitization, continued to bring our cost structure down to compete, irrespective of the price and the current market conditions.”

Still, Canada’s telecom regulator continues to warn providers about customers facing more charges on their cellphone and internet bills.

On Tuesday, CRTC vice-president of consumer, analytics and strategy Scott Hutton called on providers to ensure they clearly inform their customers of charges such as early cancellation fees.

That followed statements from the regulator in recent weeks cautioning against rising international roaming fees and “surprise” price increases being found on their bills.

Hutton said the CRTC plans to launch public consultations in the coming weeks that will focus “on ensuring that information is clear and consistent, making it easier to compare offers and switch services or providers.”

“The CRTC is concerned with recent trends, which suggest that Canadians may not be benefiting from the full protections of our codes,” he said.

“We will continue to monitor developments and will take further action if our codes are not being followed.”

French said any initiative to boost transparency is a step in the right direction.

“I can’t say we are perfect across the board, but what I can say is we are absolutely taking it under consideration and trying to be the best at communicating with our customers,” he said.

“I think everyone looking in the mirror would say there’s room for improvement.”

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 8, 2024.

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TC Energy cuts cost estimate for Southeast Gateway pipeline project in Mexico

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CALGARY – TC Energy Corp. has lowered the estimated cost of its Southeast Gateway pipeline project in Mexico.

It says it now expects the project to cost between US$3.9 billion and US$4.1 billion compared with its original estimate of US$4.5 billion.

The change came as the company reported a third-quarter profit attributable to common shareholders of C$1.46 billion or $1.40 per share compared with a loss of C$197 million or 19 cents per share in the same quarter last year.

Revenue for the quarter ended Sept. 30 totalled C$4.08 billion, up from C$3.94 billion in the third quarter of 2023.

TC Energy says its comparable earnings for its latest quarter amounted to C$1.03 per share compared with C$1.00 per share a year earlier.

The average analyst estimate had been for a profit of 95 cents per share, according to LSEG Data & Analytics.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 7, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:TRP)

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BCE reports Q3 loss on asset impairment charge, cuts revenue guidance

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BCE Inc. reported a loss in its latest quarter as it recorded $2.11 billion in asset impairment charges, mainly related to Bell Media’s TV and radio properties.

The company says its net loss attributable to common shareholders amounted to $1.24 billion or $1.36 per share for the quarter ended Sept. 30 compared with a profit of $640 million or 70 cents per share a year earlier.

On an adjusted basis, BCE says it earned 75 cents per share in its latest quarter compared with an adjusted profit of 81 cents per share in the same quarter last year.

“Bell’s results for the third quarter demonstrate that we are disciplined in our pursuit of profitable growth in an intensely competitive environment,” BCE chief executive Mirko Bibic said in a statement.

“Our focus this quarter, and throughout 2024, has been to attract higher-margin subscribers and reduce costs to help offset short-term revenue impacts from sustained competitive pricing pressures, slow economic growth and a media advertising market that is in transition.”

Operating revenue for the quarter totalled $5.97 billion, down from $6.08 billion in its third quarter of 2023.

BCE also said it now expects its revenue for 2024 to fall about 1.5 per cent compared with earlier guidance for an increase of zero to four per cent.

The company says the change comes as it faces lower-than-anticipated wireless product revenue and sustained pressure on wireless prices.

BCE added 33,111 net postpaid mobile phone subscribers, down 76.8 per cent from the same period last year, which was the company’s second-best performance on the metric since 2010.

It says the drop was driven by higher customer churn — a measure of subscribers who cancelled their service — amid greater competitive activity and promotional offer intensity. BCE’s monthly churn rate for the category was 1.28 per cent, up from 1.1 per cent during its previous third quarter.

The company also saw 11.6 per cent fewer gross subscriber activations “due to more targeted promotional offers and mobile device discounting compared to last year.”

Bell’s wireless mobile phone average revenue per user was $58.26, down 3.4 per cent from $60.28 in the third quarter of the prior year.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 7, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:BCE)

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