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King Charles: Will the Royal Family embrace reconciliation

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On June 11, 2008, Conservative Prime Minister Stephen Harper apologized on behalf of Canada, for the many abuses Indigenous children suffered in residential schools.

On June 3, 2019, Liberal Prime Minister Justin Trudeau accepted the findings of the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls, which found Canada guilty of historic and ongoing genocide against Indigenous peoples, and particularly against Indigenous women and girls.

Last year, Pope Francis travelled to Canada to finally issue an apology to Indigenous peoples for the Catholic Church’s role in residential schools and then again in 2023 he officially repudiated the doctrine of discovery.

Reconciliation appears to be in full swing, except for the deafening silence from Queen Elizabeth II. With the coronation of King Charles III coming up, one has to wonder if the Royal Family will embrace reconciliation and offer a meaningful apology?

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All this begs the question – should they apologize? To answer that question, it is important to remember that British officials had a major role to play in the violent colonization of what would later become Canada and engaged in wars to protect the lands and resources for their exploitation.

This so-called right of discovery was empowered by several papal bulls, or decrees, that authorized Christian nations to claim any non-Christian lands it “discovered,” later interpreted by American courts as a legal “doctrine of discovery.”

While there were a number of pre-confederation treaties signed between the Crown and Indigenous Nations, colonial officials acting on authority of the Crown, engaged in genocidal acts such as scalping bounties, starvation policies, and trapping “Indians” on reserves.

‘VAST WEALTH ACCUMULATED BY THE CROWN’

The Crown was the authority at that time and retained varying degrees of control and benefit for several hundred years thereafter. In fact, the vast wealth accumulated by the Crown was based on the theft of Indigenous lands and resources in all its colonies.

This massive theft was never authorized in any of the pre-Confederation treaties signed between Indigenous Nations and the Crown.

A United Nations study on treaties and agreements with Indigenous peoples found that European nations knew that by entering into treaties they were making an agreement with sovereign nations. It further concluded that an unbiased court would not hold up the alleged land surrenders, given the lack of informed consent.

In fact, the Dominion of Canada was not officially created until July 1, 1867 with the passage of the British North America Act, and the Queen (and Kings and Queens before her) was considered the head of state for Canada and leader of the Church of England.

Even so, it’s important to remember that Canada was only granted independence from the British Parliament on April 17, 1982.

That means the Crown still had a significant amount of control over “its” colony for another 115 years.

Although Canada attempted to carve out its independence much earlier, by creating the Supreme Court of Canada in 1875, appeals could still be heard at the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council until 1949. That is not to say that Canada is absolved of responsibility for its genocidal laws, policies, and practices, instead it shares that responsibility with the Crown. In other words, they are jointly culpable.

  • The coronation of King Charles III reopens old wounds over slavery and colonialism

Indigenous Nations and the Crown entered into pre-Confederation treaties that contained provisions for the Crown-Indigenous relationship to continue into perpetuity, which included protection, support and other rights for their heirs and the heirs of their heirs forever.

Contrary to modern-day contract law where the length of a contract is specifically noted, in pre-Confederation treaties, there were no legal provisions by which either party could unilaterally end the treaty.

So, despite Britain granting Canada independence in 1982 under the assumption that treaty rights would respected, neither party fully recognized or respected Indigenous rights, which would kickstart decades of litigation against Indigenous peoples exercising those rights.

Yet, the issue of Indigenous-Crown relations was never truly resolved. It’s true that, in relation to these treaties between the Crown and Indigenous Nations, Lord Denning of the English Court stated that Canada’s Parliament should not “do anything to lessen the worth of these guarantees. They should be honoured by the Crown in respect of Canada.”

However, even Canada’s highest court, the Supreme Court of Canada, has acknowledged that treaty rights have been honoured more in the breach than in the observance.

‘REPARATIONS ARE CLEARLY DUE’

So, treaties are unfinished business both in terms of the unilateral decisions made and the failure to uphold them. Reparations are clearly due.

Canada is on its path to reconciliation. It made an apology, authorized the Truth and Reconciliation Commission to conduct an inquiry into the abuses at residential schools and made a settlement agreement to provide some level of compensation.

Canada also authorized the National Inquiry into Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls, accepted their findings and committed to an action plan to implement them – though apparently at a snail’s pace. It is hoped that there will be an apology and compensation for these women as well.

Even the Pope came to Canada and apologized, though the Vatican has not yet outlined their reconciliation plan or when and if reparations will be included.

It looks doubtful given their failure to even pay the amounts agreed to in the settlement agreement, but we will see. So, what about the new King? Will he start a new period for the Royal Family by apologizing for genocide committed against Indigenous peoples and provide reparations? In the words of the Magic 8 Ball – outlook not so good.

It’s not just Indigenous peoples here in Canada that have called for an apology and reparations. Barbados removed Queen Elizabeth II as head of state and became a republic two years ago. In 2022, Jamaica signalled its intention to become a republic by 2025.

After the Queen’s death, Caribbean islands have renewed their calls for reparations, especially in regards to slavery.

Other countries like the former British colony of India (undivided) want reparations for the drain of wealth from their country – to the tune of US$45 trillion.

Whether genocide, war, slavery, or theft of lands and resources or the vast wealth stolen by Britain in the name of Kings and Queens, it is long past time for reconciliation, apologies, and financial reparations.

The coronation ceremony for the new King will be held soon, in what could be an important opportunity to show some humility and speak to reconciliation moving forward.

Pamela Palmater is a Mi’kmaw lawyer specializing in Indigenous and human rights law. She is the chair in Indigenous governance at Toronto Metropolitan University.

 

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Freeland 2024 budget 'likely to be the worst' in years: Dodge – CTV News

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Without having seen it, former Bank of Canada governor David Dodge believes that Tuesday’s 2024 federal budget from Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland is “likely to be the worst budget” in decades.

“I think this is likely to be the worst budget since the [then-finance minister Allan] MacEachen budget of 1982, in the sense of pointing us in the wrong direction as to how we go about raising the incomes of Canadians and actually making Canadians feel better over the medium term,” Dodge said in an interview on CTV News Channel’s Power Play with Vassy Kapelos.

In a time of high interest rates and inflation, the 1982-83 federal budget, under then-prime minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau, became the object of political fury over spending, taxation, and wage restraint measures within it. 

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Dodge, who was governor from 2001 to 2008, was referencing the strong indications that in order to help finance the nearly $40 billion in pre-announced new spending without raising the deficit, the federal government may impose some form of individual wealth tax or excess profit tax on wealthy corporations.

Freeland will present the budget in the House of Commons on Tuesday afternoon, vowing a plan centred on “generational fairness.”

“Something doesn’t add up. I think there’s a big question of how much of all that promised spending is going to be booked into this year and next year, and how much is going to be deferred?” Dodge said.

“I think there is a very real possibility that they’ll do exactly the wrong thing and tax the very folks and the very corporations that are going to make the investments that will actually raise income over time.”

His concern is that wealth taxes would slow growth, and his preference would be for the federal government to “increase saving” rather than increase taxes.

In the interview, Dodge also expressed doubt about the efficacy of the Liberals’ plans aimed at addressing the supply side of Canada’s housing crisis.

On Monday, while addressing a largely business-centric crowd that’s calling on the government to spur economic growth and not impose new taxes that could deter investors, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau made no mention of any wealth-targeting plans that may be afoot.

The government’s position is that the country is at a “pivotal moment” that requires urgent investment, including in areas of affordability concerning millennial and Generation Z voters, such as housing and jobs.

“Millennials and Gen Z now make up the majority of Canada’s labour force. They are our economy … They now feel like middle class stability is out of reach. We need to meet this moment, because that can’t be allowed to happen,” Trudeau said. “The economy is only as strong as it is optimistic.”

You can watch the full interview with David Dodge in the video player at the top of this article  

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Leave Canada or sue? Auto theft victims consider their options as cases surge – Global News

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As the Greater Toronto Area confronts an auto theft crisis, some residents are considering bold – or arguably radical – action.

Kamran Hussain, who moved to Canada from India on an international student visa in 2017 and has completed the arduous process of becoming a permanent resident, said he has thought about leaving the country after he woke up on the morning of Jan. 11 to find nothing but the shattered glass of his car window on his east Toronto driveway.

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“I came out and the car was gone,” said Hussain, referring to his 2022 Toyota Highlander.

For the 30-year-old telecom worker, the already complicated task of becoming a Canadian permanent resident had been made harder by the pandemic, when various bureaucratic steps were backed up. But he said he had chosen to make a home in Canada because he saw it as safe.

That’s a reputation he now feels has been cast in doubt by the auto theft epidemic.

“I’m looking for options,” he said when asked if he was seriously considering leaving Canada.

“I left my country because of the instability there,” he said. “But now, with the growing issues that are happening here in terms of safety, the thefts, the break-ins and rising crime, it is a big concern for me.”

Hussain’s experience with vehicle theft did not involve a risk to his personal security. The thieves never entered his home.

But he said he has been jarred by reports of criminals breaking into homes with weapons and demanding keys to vehicles.

The surge in auto thefts has led to rises in home invasions, violent robberies and gun violence throughout the GTA, according to Toronto police.

Ontario Provincial Police have described the province’s current rate of car thefts as “unprecedented,” fuelled in part by demand for luxury vehicles in foreign markets.


Click to play video: '“I’m coming for you,” Doug Ford tells carjackers in Ontario, promising to build more jails'

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“I’m coming for you,” Doug Ford tells carjackers in Ontario, promising to build more jails


The Équité Association, an anti-crime organization funded by insurance companies, has said that for the first time ever Ontario exceeded $1 billion in auto theft claims last year.

Amid mounting public frustration, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau convened a national auto theft summit in February, urging closer collaboration between law enforcement, border services, the insurance industry and automakers.


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Laura Paquette, another auto theft victim, is trying to focus more attention on the role of car companies: specifically, she has been wondering if automakers can be sued for making cars that she argues are too easy to steal.

At 4 a.m. on Jan. 10, she said she heard her Toyota SUV beep, the familiar sound of it being unlocked.

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“I was in a total shock,” she said in a recent interview. “I woke up my partner and I’m like, ‘somebody is stealing my truck.’ And we ran downstairs and it was gone.”

The 52-year-old social worker described the ordeal that followed as a “nightmare.”

Police found her car, but it required substantial repairs.

In the meantime, she was out $2,000 in monthly rental costs for a replacement vehicle because her insurance only covered $1,000. She said she was also still making her $700 monthly payment on the stolen car, in addition to $230 per month for insurance.

Reflecting on what she endured, and how seemingly straightforward it was for thieves to take her vehicle, she called for automakers to face “accountability.”

“If I invested money in a security door for my house, and if everybody with a blank key fob could come into my house, I would kind of feel defrauded, right?” she said. “That’s how I feel about my vehicle.”

Paquette said she is discussing her legal options.

“Why is it on the consumer to protect ourselves?” she said. “Vehicles are big investments, so why are they so easily stolen? Why do I have to go to extremes to prevent that?”


Click to play video: 'Nearly 600 cars recovered in sweeping auto theft crackdown in Ontario, Quebec: police'

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Nearly 600 cars recovered in sweeping auto theft crackdown in Ontario, Quebec: police


In the weeks following the national summit on auto theft, law enforcement agencies have sought to highlight a series of successes.

Those include a joint OPP and Canada Border Services Agency operation that recovered 598 stolen vehicles destined for export at the Port of Montreal, Canada’s gateway to the foreign stolen vehicle market. The vehicles had an estimated value of $35.5 million dollars.

OPP said 75 per cent of the vehicles recovered were stolen in Ontario, where the provincial government announced last month that it planned to purchase four new police helicopters, at a cost of about $36 million, in part to fight the auto-theft crisis.

Toronto police and Bryan Gast, vice-president of investigative services at the Équité Association, have linked the rising problem to organized crime.

Gast noted that auto theft rates had been ticking up annually prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, but he said the supply chain issues triggered by the associated global shutdown made both new and used vehicles harder to find.

“Organized crime leverage that problem and are profiting from it,” he said. “That’s when the numbers have increased,” he added, noting that insurance claim costs related to auto theft in Ontario have risen by 319 per cent since 2020.

Toronto police Staff Supt. Pauline Gray has said that auto theft is now a top three revenue generator for organized crime groups.

Gast praised the new levels of co-ordination launched in response to the crisis but said that ultimately only one metric will matter in assessing its success.

“The goal will be to stop that upward trend to at least a flat line and then a decline,” he said.

“The success shows in the results: the number of vehicles in Canada that are being stolen, that’ll give us an indication of how well the collaborative plan is working.”

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When Facebook blocks news, studies show the political risks that follow – Reuters

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When Facebook blocks news, studies show the political risks that follow  Reuters

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