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Canada must invest in university research to compete globally

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Peter Stoicheff, is president and vice-chancellor of the University of Saskatchewan, and chair of the U15 Group of Canadian Research Universities.

Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland’s Fall Economic Statement signalled to the world that Canada is committed to escalating the fight against inflation, accelerating the move toward a net-zero economy and strengthening the country’s social safety net.

To ensure that the 21st century truly “belongs to Canada,” however, will also require ambitious investments in university research to meet growing competition – not only from the U.S., but also Britain, Germany and Japan, all of which have recently increased R&D funding by significant amounts.

U.S. President Joe Biden’s Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), which includes US$370-billion for climate and energy-focused initiatives, is referenced as a model for Ms. Freeland’s strategy. What must be recognized, however, is that the IRA is just one part of an ambitious two-part approach to relaunch the U.S. postpandemic economy.

On July 28th, in a rare display of bipartisan support, the U.S. House of Representatives passed the other part of the strategy – the CHIPS and Science Act – that will enhance fundamental research by investing in the most innovative ideas across all areas of science and engineering to help solve current and future challenges. Over the next five years, the act will double the base budget of the National Science Foundation, the primary agency for funding academic research and technology development.

Roughly a third of this funding will go to a new Directorate for Technology, Innovation and Partnerships that will turn fundamental research discoveries into strategically important technologies and services, and make them available to innovative companies capable of bringing them to market. Initially, the focus will be artificial intelligence, robotics, quantum computing and biotech. In the future, the discoveries made in research facilities across the country will determine the areas of strategic importance.

The CHIPS Act will also provide US$2.6-billion yearly in new money for STEM education, including support for scholarships, fellowships and traineeships to prepare workers for critical fields such as artificial intelligence, microelectronics education and cybersecurity. Added to the billions already invested by the National Science Foundation, the National Institutes for Health and numerous other departments and agencies, this new level of funding will attract the best and brightest young talent from around the world to the U.S.

Overall, the U.S. two-part strategy emphasizes that increased investments in science, research and innovation must underpin initiatives to move toward a prosperous and sustainable future.

Meanwhile, Canada over the past two decades has built an enviable reputation as a leading science-and-technology-development nation with major public investments in university research. But investments in publicly funded research are not keeping pace with those of many other countries. We are not developing the number of highly qualified individuals needed to drive our rapidly developing innovation economy. Canada now stands 28th in the OECD in graduate-level educational attainment.

There is a real risk that we will return to the 1990s, when examples of brain drain were often in the headlines as top researchers, scientists and engineers left Canada for greener pastures.

Major new investments in university research would develop the highly qualified talent increasingly needed to drive innovation in all sectors. Such investments will also spur brain gain through increased opportunities for international graduate students to make Canada their new home.

Public investment in university research also leverages private-sector investment in collaborative projects that help drive an innovative economy. Until recently, low business investment in research and development reflected the fact that many sectors did not feel competitive pressure to improve their operations.

In recent years, however, extreme weather events have made innovation for sustainability more urgent than ever, while the pandemic has accelerated the need for digital transformation to serve customers and citizens. Today, business investment on Canadian campuses amounts to $1.3-billion and is growing each year as companies increasingly focus on innovation.

Now is the time for the federal government to respond to the growing international investment in R&D and talent in order to be globally competitive in the 21st century. Canada must renew its talent-based research advantage to help drive the economic growth we urgently need to build a prosperous, sustainable and resilient future.

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Economy

S&P/TSX gains almost 100 points, U.S. markets also higher ahead of rate decision

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TORONTO – Strength in the base metal and technology sectors helped Canada’s main stock index gain almost 100 points on Friday, while U.S. stock markets climbed to their best week of the year.

“It’s been almost a complete opposite or retracement of what we saw last week,” said Philip Petursson, chief investment strategist at IG Wealth Management.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 297.01 points at 41,393.78. The S&P 500 index was up 30.26 points at 5,626.02, while the Nasdaq composite was up 114.30 points at 17,683.98.

The S&P/TSX composite index closed up 93.51 points at 23,568.65.

While last week saw a “healthy” pullback on weaker economic data, this week investors appeared to be buying the dip and hoping the central bank “comes to the rescue,” said Petursson.

Next week, the U.S. Federal Reserve is widely expected to cut its key interest rate for the first time in several years after it significantly hiked it to fight inflation.

But the magnitude of that first cut has been the subject of debate, and the market appears split on whether the cut will be a quarter of a percentage point or a larger half-point reduction.

Petursson thinks it’s clear the smaller cut is coming. Economic data recently hasn’t been great, but it hasn’t been that bad either, he said — and inflation may have come down significantly, but it’s not defeated just yet.

“I think they’re going to be very steady,” he said, with one small cut at each of their three decisions scheduled for the rest of 2024, and more into 2025.

“I don’t think there’s a sense of urgency on the part of the Fed that they have to do something immediately.

A larger cut could also send the wrong message to the markets, added Petursson: that the Fed made a mistake in waiting this long to cut, or that it’s seeing concerning signs in the economy.

It would also be “counter to what they’ve signaled,” he said.

More important than the cut — other than the new tone it sets — will be what Fed chair Jerome Powell has to say, according to Petursson.

“That’s going to be more important than the size of the cut itself,” he said.

In Canada, where the central bank has already cut three times, Petursson expects two more before the year is through.

“Here, the labour situation is worse than what we see in the United States,” he said.

The Canadian dollar traded for 73.61 cents US compared with 73.58 cents US on Thursday.

The October crude oil contract was down 32 cents at US$68.65 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was down five cents at US$2.31 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was up US$30.10 at US$2,610.70 an ounce and the December copper contract was up four cents US$4.24 a pound.

— With files from The Associated Press

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 13, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Economy

S&P/TSX composite down more than 200 points, U.S. stock markets also fall

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TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index was down more than 200 points in late-morning trading, weighed down by losses in the technology, base metal and energy sectors, while U.S. stock markets also fell.

The S&P/TSX composite index was down 239.24 points at 22,749.04.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was down 312.36 points at 40,443.39. The S&P 500 index was down 80.94 points at 5,422.47, while the Nasdaq composite was down 380.17 points at 16,747.49.

The Canadian dollar traded for 73.80 cents US compared with 74.00 cents US on Thursday.

The October crude oil contract was down US$1.07 at US$68.08 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was up less than a penny at US$2.26 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was down US$2.10 at US$2,541.00 an ounce and the December copper contract was down four cents at US$4.10 a pound.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 6, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Economy

S&P/TSX composite up more than 150 points, U.S. stock markets also higher

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TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index was up more than 150 points in late-morning trading, helped by strength in technology, financial and energy stocks, while U.S. stock markets also pushed higher.

The S&P/TSX composite index was up 171.41 points at 23,298.39.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 278.37 points at 41,369.79. The S&P 500 index was up 38.17 points at 5,630.35, while the Nasdaq composite was up 177.15 points at 17,733.18.

The Canadian dollar traded for 74.19 cents US compared with 74.23 cents US on Wednesday.

The October crude oil contract was up US$1.75 at US$76.27 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was up less than a penny at US$2.10 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was up US$18.70 at US$2,556.50 an ounce and the December copper contract was down less than a penny at US$4.22 a pound.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Aug. 29, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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