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Ouch. Investment banking revenue hasn't been this weak since 2008 – CNN

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HSBC announced plans last week to slash about 35,000 jobs to combat crumbling profits. Deutsche Bank (DB) cut 18,000 jobs last summer as Germany’s biggest bank tries to rebuild itself. And Morgan Stanley (MS) trimmed its workforce by 1,500 late last year.
Even big bank bosses are on the chopping block. The CEOs of Credit Suisse, UBS (UBS) and HSBC (HBCYF) have all stepped down for various reasons within the past six months. And Barclays CEO Jes Staley is being investigated by regulators over his ties to disgraced financier Jeffrey Epstein.
Meanwhile, Morgan Stanley is spending $13 billion to acquire online broker E-Trade (ETFC) in a bid to make its business model less volatile.
The turmoil reflects the severe financial pressure on investment banks broadly as they cope with muted volatility, IPO busts and technological disruptions to the way markets work.
Revenue at the top 12 global investment banks fell 3% in 2019 to the weakest level since the chaos of the 2008 financial crisis, according to Coalition, a business intelligence provider. Revenue is down for the fourth year out of the past five.
“Investment banks are being forced to rethink their entire business,” said Ian Winer, a Wall Street veteran who currently serves as an advisory board member at hedge fund Bellator Asset Management. “There just aren’t many ways for them to make money in the traditional way.”
That’s why they are doing some serious belt-tightening. Headcount at leading investment banks dropped by 6% last year, the fifth-straight year of declines, according to Coalition.
“The quickest way to cut costs are personnel. It’s like shoot first and ask questions later,” said Winer.
US government fines Wells Fargo $3 billion for its 'staggering' fake-accounts scandal
Last year was supposed to be a blockbuster one for the IPO market, one of the industry’s bread-and-butter moneymakers. However, that didn’t pan out. IPO activity slowed down after the disappointing first-half debuts of Uber (UBER) and Lyft (LYFT) and then the implosion of WeWork and its mega IPO.
Companies raised about $194 billion through IPOs around the world in 2019, according to Dealogic. That’s not too shabby, but still down nearly 8% from the year before. And it’s well below the recent peak of $264 billion in 2014.
“The IPO market collapsed after WeWork,” said Gerard Cassidy, a banking analyst at RBC Capital.
Some companies like Slack (WORK), Spotify (SPOT) and iHeartMedia (IHRT) have decided to go public through direct listings, bypassing the expensive fees they would owe investment banks altogether. Others like Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic (SPCE) went public through a merger with a special purpose acquisition corporation.

Muted volatility — until now at least

Another problem for investment banks is that up until very recently, financial markets have behaved very calmly. Extremely low interest rates from central banks around the world has suppressed market volatility. That, in turn, limits the fees that big banks haul in when large hedge fund clients trade with a frenzy. And it lowers demand for the complex equity-trading instruments that sophisticated clients buy from investment banks during times of market turmoil.
Even Monday’s 1,000-point plunge on the Dow only lifted the VIX (VIX) volatility index to 24. That’s still relatively calm by market freakout standards.
“People just aren’t trading as much. It’s harder for banks to make money,” said Winer.
Of course, some investment banks are doing just fine, particularly outside of the largest firms. For instance, Stifel (SF), which caters to middle market firms, reported a 16% jump in investment banking revenue last year.
Bigger picture, finance is clearly under pressure from structural changes to the industry that is hurting market revenue at investment banks.
Although fixed income revenue rose last year at leading investment banks, the firms suffered a 10% decline in equities revenue, according to the Coalition report. And headcount in the equities business also fell by 10%.

The rise of the robots

RBC’s Cassidy partially blames the “electronification” of the business. As robots replace humans in trading, large institutional investors are demanding lower fees for executing trades.
“The days of thousands of traders on the New York Stock Exchange are gone. It’s all been replaced by robots,” said Cassidy.
Robots are also replacing stock pickers. Investors have ditched expensive active managers in favor of dirt-cheap ETFs and other passive investment vehicles. That long-running trend is forcing active investment firms to find ways to cut costs, including by demanding cheaper transaction costs from the major investment banks executing their trades.
The ETF boom is also spurring consolidation. Last week, Franklin Templeton parent Franklin Resources reached a $4.5 billion deal to acquire rival Legg Mason (INFR).
Morgan Stanley is buying E-Trade for $13 billionMorgan Stanley is buying E-Trade for $13 billion
At the same time, the online brokerage industry has been turned on its head by the rise of Robinhood and free trading. Discount brokers slashed their trading fees to zero and Charles Schwab (SCHW) and TD Ameritrade (AMTD) are joining forces. This free trading phenomenon is putting additional pressure on investment banks to cut their transaction costs.
“I don’t know how you compete against that,” said Winer.
All of these headaches help explain Goldman Sachs’s decision to build a consumer banking giant called Marcus and Morgan Stanley’s takeover of E-Trade. After the E-Trade deal is finalized, Morgan Stanley will generate 57% of its pre-tax profits from wealth and investment management. That’s up from just 26% a decade ago.
Wall Street firms are diversifying away from the volatile markets business in favor of more stable Main Street ones.
“The whole game has changed,” said Winer.

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Economy

S&P/TSX gains almost 100 points, U.S. markets also higher ahead of rate decision

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TORONTO – Strength in the base metal and technology sectors helped Canada’s main stock index gain almost 100 points on Friday, while U.S. stock markets climbed to their best week of the year.

“It’s been almost a complete opposite or retracement of what we saw last week,” said Philip Petursson, chief investment strategist at IG Wealth Management.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 297.01 points at 41,393.78. The S&P 500 index was up 30.26 points at 5,626.02, while the Nasdaq composite was up 114.30 points at 17,683.98.

The S&P/TSX composite index closed up 93.51 points at 23,568.65.

While last week saw a “healthy” pullback on weaker economic data, this week investors appeared to be buying the dip and hoping the central bank “comes to the rescue,” said Petursson.

Next week, the U.S. Federal Reserve is widely expected to cut its key interest rate for the first time in several years after it significantly hiked it to fight inflation.

But the magnitude of that first cut has been the subject of debate, and the market appears split on whether the cut will be a quarter of a percentage point or a larger half-point reduction.

Petursson thinks it’s clear the smaller cut is coming. Economic data recently hasn’t been great, but it hasn’t been that bad either, he said — and inflation may have come down significantly, but it’s not defeated just yet.

“I think they’re going to be very steady,” he said, with one small cut at each of their three decisions scheduled for the rest of 2024, and more into 2025.

“I don’t think there’s a sense of urgency on the part of the Fed that they have to do something immediately.

A larger cut could also send the wrong message to the markets, added Petursson: that the Fed made a mistake in waiting this long to cut, or that it’s seeing concerning signs in the economy.

It would also be “counter to what they’ve signaled,” he said.

More important than the cut — other than the new tone it sets — will be what Fed chair Jerome Powell has to say, according to Petursson.

“That’s going to be more important than the size of the cut itself,” he said.

In Canada, where the central bank has already cut three times, Petursson expects two more before the year is through.

“Here, the labour situation is worse than what we see in the United States,” he said.

The Canadian dollar traded for 73.61 cents US compared with 73.58 cents US on Thursday.

The October crude oil contract was down 32 cents at US$68.65 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was down five cents at US$2.31 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was up US$30.10 at US$2,610.70 an ounce and the December copper contract was up four cents US$4.24 a pound.

— With files from The Associated Press

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 13, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Economy

S&P/TSX composite down more than 200 points, U.S. stock markets also fall

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TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index was down more than 200 points in late-morning trading, weighed down by losses in the technology, base metal and energy sectors, while U.S. stock markets also fell.

The S&P/TSX composite index was down 239.24 points at 22,749.04.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was down 312.36 points at 40,443.39. The S&P 500 index was down 80.94 points at 5,422.47, while the Nasdaq composite was down 380.17 points at 16,747.49.

The Canadian dollar traded for 73.80 cents US compared with 74.00 cents US on Thursday.

The October crude oil contract was down US$1.07 at US$68.08 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was up less than a penny at US$2.26 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was down US$2.10 at US$2,541.00 an ounce and the December copper contract was down four cents at US$4.10 a pound.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 6, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Economy

S&P/TSX composite up more than 150 points, U.S. stock markets also higher

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TORONTO – Canada’s main stock index was up more than 150 points in late-morning trading, helped by strength in technology, financial and energy stocks, while U.S. stock markets also pushed higher.

The S&P/TSX composite index was up 171.41 points at 23,298.39.

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average was up 278.37 points at 41,369.79. The S&P 500 index was up 38.17 points at 5,630.35, while the Nasdaq composite was up 177.15 points at 17,733.18.

The Canadian dollar traded for 74.19 cents US compared with 74.23 cents US on Wednesday.

The October crude oil contract was up US$1.75 at US$76.27 per barrel and the October natural gas contract was up less than a penny at US$2.10 per mmBTU.

The December gold contract was up US$18.70 at US$2,556.50 an ounce and the December copper contract was down less than a penny at US$4.22 a pound.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Aug. 29, 2024.

Companies in this story: (TSX:GSPTSE, TSX:CADUSD)

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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