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Repeating Cosmic Radio Burst Follows Bizarre 157-Day Cycle – Gizmodo

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Artist’s impression of an FRB source (shown in blue) in orbit with a companion object (pink).
Image: Kristi Mickaliger

Fast radio bursts, or FRBs, have transfixed astronomers for over a decade, but their origin remains unclear. A newly concluded survey identifies an unexpected and unusually long 157-day cycle for a known repeating FRB, in a discovery that’s redefining what we know about these mysterious intergalactic pulses.

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Something—we don’t know what—is shooting short, high-energy radio pulses into the depths of space, and it’s doing so in a regular pattern, according to new research published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

The source of these bursts, designated FRB 121102, is located in a dwarf galaxy some 3 billion light-years from Earth. The newly detected pattern lasts for 157 days, in which FRB 121102 is active for 90 days, then completely silent for 67 days. Lather, rinse, and repeat.

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This pattern was detected by astronomers at the University of Manchester, who used the Lovell Telescope to monitor the FRB for the past four years. This survey captured 32 distinct bursts, which, when combined with previous data collected for the FRB, revealed the pattern. FRB 121102 is the first of only two known repeating FRBs, the other being FRB 180916.J10158+56, but the 157-day pattern was not known until now. The new research was led by astrophysicist Kaustubh Rajwade from the University of Manchester.

First discovered in 2007, FRBs were once thought to be caused by one-time events, such as exploding stars, but the discovery of repeating FRBs has forced a re-think. Current theories include rapidly spinning neutron stars with strong magnetic fields (known as magnetars), mergers of super-dense objects, supermassive black holes, and even the activities of extraterrestrial civilizations.

Importantly, FRB 180916.J10158+56 also follows a distinct pattern, as Canadian scientists revealed last year. This particular FRB is active for four days and then quiet for 12 days, in a cycle lasting for 16 days, which is roughly 10 times shorter than the period observed for FRB 121102. That’s a potent new clue for astronomers trying to pinpoint the source of these strange celestial emissions.

Harvard University astronomer Avi Loeb, who wasn’t involved in the new research, said the “most natural explanation” for this 157-day cycle would involve a source object, such as a young neutron star, in orbit around a companion object, in a configuration that shoots radioactive bursts in our general direction for a fraction of its orbit. Another possibility, he said, is that the companion is not a neutron star but a normal star or some sort of stellar remnant weighing roughly as much as our own Sun.

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“An orbital period of 0.43 years would correspond to an orbital separation [the distance between two bodies] of about half of the Earth-Sun separation,” Loeb told Gizmodo. “If the source emits a pair of beams in opposite directions, it is possible that 157 days is only half of the orbital period—in which case the orbital radius is similar to that of the Earth around the Sun.”

One possibility that’s possibly ruled out by the new research is a wobbling magnetar, as noted in a University of Manchester press release:

Repeating FRBs could be explained by the precession, like a wobbling top, of the magnetic axis of a highly magnetized neutron star but with current data scientists believe it may be hard to explain a 157-day precession period given the large magnetic fields expected in these stars.

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It’s also possible that FRB 121102 and FRB 180916.J10158+56, though repeaters with fixed periods, are generated by two different types of celestial phenomena. Clearly, we still have lots to learn about these bursts. And as Loeb told Gizmodo, “additional data is needed to firm up the statistical periodicity inferred” for both of these FRBs.

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We may not understand these FRBs, but they’re very much real. So real, in fact, that FRBs are being used to solve long-standing scientific mysteries, such as the location of missing matter in the universe, as revealed in a recent study.

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The body of a Ugandan Olympic athlete who was set on fire by her partner is received by family

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NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) — The body of Ugandan Olympic athlete Rebecca Cheptegei — who died after being set on fire by her partner in Kenya — was received Friday by family and anti-femicide crusaders, ahead of her burial a day later.

Cheptegei’s family met with dozens of activists Friday who had marched to the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital’s morgue in the western city of Eldoret while chanting anti-femicide slogans.

She is the fourth female athlete to have been killed by her partner in Kenya in yet another case of gender-based violence in recent years.

Viola Cheptoo, the founder of Tirop Angels – an organization that was formed in honor of athlete Agnes Tirop, who was stabbed to death in 2021, said stakeholders need to ensure this is the last death of an athlete due to gender-based violence.

“We are here to say that enough is enough, we are tired of burying our sisters due to GBV,” she said.

It was a somber mood at the morgue as athletes and family members viewed Cheptegei’s body which sustained 80% of burns after she was doused with gasoline by her partner Dickson Ndiema. Ndiema sustained 30% burns on his body and later succumbed.

Ndiema and Cheptegei were said to have quarreled over a piece of land that the athlete bought in Kenya, according to a report filed by the local chief.

Cheptegei competed in the women’s marathon at the Paris Olympics less than a month before the attack. She finished in 44th place.

Cheptegei’s father, Joseph, said that the body will make a brief stop at their home in the Endebess area before proceeding to Bukwo in eastern Uganda for a night vigil and burial on Saturday.

“We are in the final part of giving my daughter the last respect,” a visibly distraught Joseph said.

He told reporters last week that Ndiema was stalking and threatening Cheptegei and the family had informed police.

Kenya’s high rates of violence against women have prompted marches by ordinary citizens in towns and cities this year.

Four in 10 women or an estimated 41% of dating or married Kenyan women have experienced physical or sexual violence perpetrated by their current or most recent partner, according to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2022.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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The ancient jar smashed by a 4-year-old is back on display at an Israeli museum after repair

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TEL AVIV, Israel (AP) — A rare Bronze-Era jar accidentally smashed by a 4-year-old visiting a museum was back on display Wednesday after restoration experts were able to carefully piece the artifact back together.

Last month, a family from northern Israel was visiting the museum when their youngest son tipped over the jar, which smashed into pieces.

Alex Geller, the boy’s father, said his son — the youngest of three — is exceptionally curious, and that the moment he heard the crash, “please let that not be my child” was the first thought that raced through his head.

The jar has been on display at the Hecht Museum in Haifa for 35 years. It was one of the only containers of its size and from that period still complete when it was discovered.

The Bronze Age jar is one of many artifacts exhibited out in the open, part of the Hecht Museum’s vision of letting visitors explore history without glass barriers, said Inbal Rivlin, the director of the museum, which is associated with Haifa University in northern Israel.

It was likely used to hold wine or oil, and dates back to between 2200 and 1500 B.C.

Rivlin and the museum decided to turn the moment, which captured international attention, into a teaching moment, inviting the Geller family back for a special visit and hands-on activity to illustrate the restoration process.

Rivlin added that the incident provided a welcome distraction from the ongoing war in Gaza. “Well, he’s just a kid. So I think that somehow it touches the heart of the people in Israel and around the world,“ said Rivlin.

Roee Shafir, a restoration expert at the museum, said the repairs would be fairly simple, as the pieces were from a single, complete jar. Archaeologists often face the more daunting task of sifting through piles of shards from multiple objects and trying to piece them together.

Experts used 3D technology, hi-resolution videos, and special glue to painstakingly reconstruct the large jar.

Less than two weeks after it broke, the jar went back on display at the museum. The gluing process left small hairline cracks, and a few pieces are missing, but the jar’s impressive size remains.

The only noticeable difference in the exhibit was a new sign reading “please don’t touch.”

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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B.C. sets up a panel on bear deaths, will review conservation officer training

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VICTORIA – The British Columbia government is partnering with a bear welfare group to reduce the number of bears being euthanized in the province.

Nicholas Scapillati, executive director of Grizzly Bear Foundation, said Monday that it comes after months-long discussions with the province on how to protect bears, with the goal to give the animals a “better and second chance at life in the wild.”

Scapillati said what’s exciting about the project is that the government is open to working with outside experts and the public.

“So, they’ll be working through Indigenous knowledge and scientific understanding, bringing in the latest techniques and training expertise from leading experts,” he said in an interview.

B.C. government data show conservation officers destroyed 603 black bears and 23 grizzly bears in 2023, while 154 black bears were killed by officers in the first six months of this year.

Scapillati said the group will publish a report with recommendations by next spring, while an independent oversight committee will be set up to review all bear encounters with conservation officers to provide advice to the government.

Environment Minister George Heyman said in a statement that they are looking for new ways to ensure conservation officers “have the trust of the communities they serve,” and the panel will make recommendations to enhance officer training and improve policies.

Lesley Fox, with the wildlife protection group The Fur-Bearers, said they’ve been calling for such a committee for decades.

“This move demonstrates the government is listening,” said Fox. “I suspect, because of the impending election, their listening skills are potentially a little sharper than they normally are.”

Fox said the partnership came from “a place of long frustration” as provincial conservation officers kill more than 500 black bears every year on average, and the public is “no longer tolerating this kind of approach.”

“I think that the conservation officer service and the B.C. government are aware they need to change, and certainly the public has been asking for it,” said Fox.

Fox said there’s a lot of optimism about the new partnership, but, as with any government, there will likely be a lot of red tape to get through.

“I think speed is going to be important, whether or not the committee has the ability to make change and make change relatively quickly without having to study an issue to death, ” said Fox.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 9, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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