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Scientists discover 'Wonderchicken,' the oldest modern bird fossil – CNET

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Na-na-na-na-na-na-na-na Wonderchicken!


Phillip Krzeminski

A team of international paleontologists have uncovered the oldest modern bird fossil yet, dating their find to approximately 67 million-years ago — a time just before the Earth was slammed by a massive asteroid that ended the Age of Dinosaurs.The new find challenges our understanding of the origins of living birds and includes a wonderfully-preserved skull resembling today’s ducks and chickens.

It is my pleasure to introduce to you Asteriornis maastrichtensis, or as it’s been lovingly dubbed, the “Wonderchicken”. 

A study, published in the journal Nature on Wednesday, describes the discovery of a collection of bones found embedded in rocks within the Maastricht formation, a fossil site located in Belgium. Paleontologists saw leg bone fragments sticking out of a rock face at the site and ran their find through a high-resolution X-ray scanner. Just below the surface, the scans revealed a fantastically-preserved skull. 

“Until we CT scanned some rocks with poorly preserve bird limb bones poking out, we had no idea how spectacular this new fossil was,” says Daniel Field, a paleobiologist at the University of Cambridge and first author on the new study

“This was the shock of our scientific careers, and when we realized that the fossil showed some similar features to living chicken-like birds, the name Wonderchicken was born.”

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Wonderchicken!


Daniel J. Field/University of Cambridge

The skull is almost entirely intact, which allows researchers to conduct a more thorough analysis of where the wonderchicken would have sat on the tree of life. The team found the skull mostly closely resembles that of birds in the group Galloanserae, which includes landfowl and waterfowl — birds like chickens, quail and geese. Dating the find to between 66.7 and 66.8 million years gives researchers a clearer understanding of the evolution of modern birds.

“This fossil tells us that early on, at least some modern birds were fairly small-bodied, ground-dwelling birds that lived near the seashore,” said Field.  

The Maastricht formation contains fossils from the time just before an asteroid struck the Earth and completely changed the landscape. That fact makes this a particularly interesting find and inspires the scientific name Asteriornis — a reference to the Greek goddess of falling stars who, in one of the ancient myths, transforms into a quail. 

Because of its link to present-day birds, the Wonderchicken must have been able to survive through the dinosaur age apocalypse. Survivors of that event are believed to share a number of features and the Wonderchicken’s relatively small size and shoreside home fit the bill perfectly.

The location of the find, however, is surprising. It challenges some of the previously held ideas about where modern birds likely originated. 

During the era in which the Wonderchicken lived, the Earth was made up of only two giant continents — Gondwana in the south, made up of present day landmasses like Australia, Africa and South America, and Laurasia in the north, made up of Asia, Russia and Europe all smashed together.

Previous finds have led paleontologists to speculate modern day birds mostly originated in Gondwana. Wonderchicken, being found in modern day Belgium, would have been part of Laurasia.

“This is the first modern bird fossil ever found from the Age of Dinosaurs in Europe, suggesting that future discoveries of even older Mesozoic modern birds may come from European localities,” says Field.

Ongoing work on the fossil will continue, but Field notes he’s keen to get back out and search for more evidence of modern birds.

“Hopefully, once the pandemic dies down, we will be able to get back out into the field and find even earlier evidence of modern birds from the Age of Dinosaurs.” 

And, before you go, I know what many of you are thinking: Can we eat the wonderchicken? 

“I’ll bet the Wonderchicken would have been eminently edible,” Field says, “close to the ancestor of ducks and chickens—why not?!”

Correction, March 18 4:40 p.m. PT: An earlier version of this piece suggested you could not eat the Wonderchicken. It is, at least in theory, possible the Wonderchicken would have been edible.

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The body of a Ugandan Olympic athlete who was set on fire by her partner is received by family

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NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) — The body of Ugandan Olympic athlete Rebecca Cheptegei — who died after being set on fire by her partner in Kenya — was received Friday by family and anti-femicide crusaders, ahead of her burial a day later.

Cheptegei’s family met with dozens of activists Friday who had marched to the Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital’s morgue in the western city of Eldoret while chanting anti-femicide slogans.

She is the fourth female athlete to have been killed by her partner in Kenya in yet another case of gender-based violence in recent years.

Viola Cheptoo, the founder of Tirop Angels – an organization that was formed in honor of athlete Agnes Tirop, who was stabbed to death in 2021, said stakeholders need to ensure this is the last death of an athlete due to gender-based violence.

“We are here to say that enough is enough, we are tired of burying our sisters due to GBV,” she said.

It was a somber mood at the morgue as athletes and family members viewed Cheptegei’s body which sustained 80% of burns after she was doused with gasoline by her partner Dickson Ndiema. Ndiema sustained 30% burns on his body and later succumbed.

Ndiema and Cheptegei were said to have quarreled over a piece of land that the athlete bought in Kenya, according to a report filed by the local chief.

Cheptegei competed in the women’s marathon at the Paris Olympics less than a month before the attack. She finished in 44th place.

Cheptegei’s father, Joseph, said that the body will make a brief stop at their home in the Endebess area before proceeding to Bukwo in eastern Uganda for a night vigil and burial on Saturday.

“We are in the final part of giving my daughter the last respect,” a visibly distraught Joseph said.

He told reporters last week that Ndiema was stalking and threatening Cheptegei and the family had informed police.

Kenya’s high rates of violence against women have prompted marches by ordinary citizens in towns and cities this year.

Four in 10 women or an estimated 41% of dating or married Kenyan women have experienced physical or sexual violence perpetrated by their current or most recent partner, according to the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey 2022.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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The ancient jar smashed by a 4-year-old is back on display at an Israeli museum after repair

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TEL AVIV, Israel (AP) — A rare Bronze-Era jar accidentally smashed by a 4-year-old visiting a museum was back on display Wednesday after restoration experts were able to carefully piece the artifact back together.

Last month, a family from northern Israel was visiting the museum when their youngest son tipped over the jar, which smashed into pieces.

Alex Geller, the boy’s father, said his son — the youngest of three — is exceptionally curious, and that the moment he heard the crash, “please let that not be my child” was the first thought that raced through his head.

The jar has been on display at the Hecht Museum in Haifa for 35 years. It was one of the only containers of its size and from that period still complete when it was discovered.

The Bronze Age jar is one of many artifacts exhibited out in the open, part of the Hecht Museum’s vision of letting visitors explore history without glass barriers, said Inbal Rivlin, the director of the museum, which is associated with Haifa University in northern Israel.

It was likely used to hold wine or oil, and dates back to between 2200 and 1500 B.C.

Rivlin and the museum decided to turn the moment, which captured international attention, into a teaching moment, inviting the Geller family back for a special visit and hands-on activity to illustrate the restoration process.

Rivlin added that the incident provided a welcome distraction from the ongoing war in Gaza. “Well, he’s just a kid. So I think that somehow it touches the heart of the people in Israel and around the world,“ said Rivlin.

Roee Shafir, a restoration expert at the museum, said the repairs would be fairly simple, as the pieces were from a single, complete jar. Archaeologists often face the more daunting task of sifting through piles of shards from multiple objects and trying to piece them together.

Experts used 3D technology, hi-resolution videos, and special glue to painstakingly reconstruct the large jar.

Less than two weeks after it broke, the jar went back on display at the museum. The gluing process left small hairline cracks, and a few pieces are missing, but the jar’s impressive size remains.

The only noticeable difference in the exhibit was a new sign reading “please don’t touch.”

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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B.C. sets up a panel on bear deaths, will review conservation officer training

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VICTORIA – The British Columbia government is partnering with a bear welfare group to reduce the number of bears being euthanized in the province.

Nicholas Scapillati, executive director of Grizzly Bear Foundation, said Monday that it comes after months-long discussions with the province on how to protect bears, with the goal to give the animals a “better and second chance at life in the wild.”

Scapillati said what’s exciting about the project is that the government is open to working with outside experts and the public.

“So, they’ll be working through Indigenous knowledge and scientific understanding, bringing in the latest techniques and training expertise from leading experts,” he said in an interview.

B.C. government data show conservation officers destroyed 603 black bears and 23 grizzly bears in 2023, while 154 black bears were killed by officers in the first six months of this year.

Scapillati said the group will publish a report with recommendations by next spring, while an independent oversight committee will be set up to review all bear encounters with conservation officers to provide advice to the government.

Environment Minister George Heyman said in a statement that they are looking for new ways to ensure conservation officers “have the trust of the communities they serve,” and the panel will make recommendations to enhance officer training and improve policies.

Lesley Fox, with the wildlife protection group The Fur-Bearers, said they’ve been calling for such a committee for decades.

“This move demonstrates the government is listening,” said Fox. “I suspect, because of the impending election, their listening skills are potentially a little sharper than they normally are.”

Fox said the partnership came from “a place of long frustration” as provincial conservation officers kill more than 500 black bears every year on average, and the public is “no longer tolerating this kind of approach.”

“I think that the conservation officer service and the B.C. government are aware they need to change, and certainly the public has been asking for it,” said Fox.

Fox said there’s a lot of optimism about the new partnership, but, as with any government, there will likely be a lot of red tape to get through.

“I think speed is going to be important, whether or not the committee has the ability to make change and make change relatively quickly without having to study an issue to death, ” said Fox.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 9, 2024.

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