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The Ongoing Battle To Re-Open The Economy – Forbes

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President Donald Trump was being his usual self on Friday. This time, he was blasting New York governor Andrew Cuomo during a live press conference on his Twitter feed, practically demanding Cuomo thank him for all he’s done. Instead, Cuomo said Trump should be at work, not watching TV, and not on Twitter.

Regardless, this week we moved beyond the fears of hospital exhaustion rates and COVID-19 patients unable to get a ventilator to calls to “liberate Michigan” and other states.

It will all be politicized. Markets won’t care.

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So long as governors are coming up with plans for a gradual re-opening, as well as the White House, then investors will confirm among themselves — with increasing surety — that there is light shining through the cracks. We can dig ourselves out of this hole.

It’s a hole that Ray Dalio, famed hedge fund manager from Bridgewater Associates, said this week in Bloomberg webinar has cost the U.S. around $5 trillion in lost wages.

On April 14, St. Louis Fed Chief Jim Bullard made the case for a V-shaped recovery once the economy is open, and millions furloughed get their jobs back.

In a webcast with the St. Louis Regional Chamber, Bullard said, “There is no reason the economy can’t come back in a V shape. I know it’s become popular to say that is not going to happen. I think it can happen.”

According to Bullard’s vision of the near-term future, the U.S. will adopt a variant of Asia’s mitigation methods of using widespread testing, social distancing and vigilance to contain the virus spread in a gradual re-open.

“As incidents of the disease go way down, then I think you should be able to reopen,” Bullard said. “Ideally you would like to test everybody. If you can’t test everybody, you are going to have to use relatively crude substitutes, like taking everybody’s temperature.”

Bullard’s comments pleased Wall Street and was a welcome note of optimism in contrast to doom-and-gloom projections of rolling shutdowns as offered by Minnesota Fed Chief Neel Kashkari on “60 Minutes” on April 5.

Then again, that was prior to “hell week”. That was the week that was supposed to be one part September 11 terrorist attack, one part Pearl Harbor. Luckily, that did not happen as mitigation efforts are clearly having the desired effect on the viral spread.

Wall Street Ready. Main Street Wary, But Hopeful

Markets have been ahead of the curve.

Since bottoming on March 23, the S&P has rallied about 24%. The bear market in equities is over for now. The Dow is down 17% from its February 19 high.

On April 16, the Trump Administration issued their own guidelines to enable individual states to reopen. Some states were already coordinating on this, even as New York and Connecticut extended the lockdown until mid May.

Under the guidelines, states are asked to reopen one step at a time, rather than all at once. The main policies and timelines are up to individual governors, with the White House Coronavirus Task Force providing guidelines.

Better yet, the guidelines were approved by Task Force medical leaders Anthony Fauci and Deborah Birx, making it harder for Trump’s opponents to lay blame on him should COVID-19 death rates continue unabated post-quarantine. This is on doctors Fauci and Birx, too.

A recent Gallup poll suggests the vast majority have grown accustomed to the lockdowns and do not want to press their luck in opening too soon.

According to pollsters at Ipsos, U.S. consumer confidence has been stagnant since it declined precipitously in the third week of March as the COVID-19 pandemic led to millions of job losses.

Their latest survey, conducted on April 14 and 15, shows that while the mood is depressing, people remain hopeful.

Consumer confidence dropped to 45.1 on their index ranging on a scale of 1 to 100 from 46 a month ago. That’s down 18 points from where it was in January, an 18-year high at the time. It’s also down from where it was in March, at 60.1.

Confidence in one’s personal financial situation, the local economy and employment six months from now is 60.2, about three points lower than where it was in March and on par with historical averages.

In percentage terms, 71% said they are less comfortable buying big ticket items today than they were six months ago. That number has been relatively flat over the last two weeks.

Gallup.comAmericans Remain Risk Averse About Getting Back to Normal

Artificial Deadline: Memorial Day Weekend

The battle to re-open the economy is happening around the world.

In Brazil, the battle to open it happened right at the time it was being closed.

Brazil’s version of Fauci, Health Minister Luiz Mandetta, was let go this week due to disagreements on how to balance fighting the viral spread, and keeping Brazilians — many of them who were sent back to the poor house after two years of economic recession — gainfully employed. Brazil does not have the money to pay for millions of unemployed people like the U.S. and Europe.

In Europe, they are gradually re-opening in certain areas of Italy and Austria. The German’s are, too, but they are fighting over dates.

China has been open, but in fits and starts. They are setting an example for what the rest of the world can expect once they get back to work.

In deciding to postpone New York state’s opening until May 15, Governor Cuomo stated that he wants to see infection rates fall lower on the infection curve first.

Some 28,823 people have died from COVID-19 in the U.S. as of Friday, with another 4,226 having COVID-19 as a probable cause, according to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

Over 22 million people have been laid off nationwide, with many of them expected to return to work once the economy gets going again.

Others have taken wage cuts and lost bonuses for the year, which is the equivalent of a wage cut. Those won’t be coming back.

Once the economies do re-open, no one is expecting to see crowded restaurants, bars and planes anytime soon. Like the gradual opening of the economy, people will gradually get over their fears of catching COVID-19.

As scientists and the medical community share ideas about what they know of the disease, and how to treat it, there will be less unknowns, ushering in a return to normalcy.

I have Memorial Day weekend as what I call my “pitchforks and torches” date.

If by then states are still in nearly full quarantine, with people banned from gathering on beaches and restaurants still closed, my guess is that small business owners, and individuals will increasingly lose their patience.

Some protests already occurred this week, though I do not know who organized them. Attendees were quickly dismissed as the usual cast of right wingers supporting Trump’s call to re-open.

Memorial Day weekend is the official start of the important summer business season for numerous cities from Kennebunkport to Provincetown; Myrtle Beach to Kissimmee and Orlando, Florida. The call for a return to normal will get louder there as many shop owners survive the year on Memorial Day to Labor Day consumer spending.

Who will see a continued need for strict quarantine measures if governors are saying their hospitals are in the clear? Protecting hospitals from a surge in COVID-19 patients was the main reason for the quarantine measures.

If Wall Street’s rising, but Main Street is closed, it creates more wealth for those heavily invested in the market, and is a loss of wealth for those dependent on wages to maintain their economic status.

That’s when coronavirus ceases to become a public health crisis, and it becomes a financial crisis because companies and individuals cannot pay their bills.

Instead of a financial crisis caused by bankers gambling on mortgage-backed derivatives like in 2008, it’s one forced upon the masses to protect them from an unknown virus. People get that. But when the pandemic is over, the socio-economic and political crisis will last longer if the economy remains in intensive care.

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Nigeria's Economy, Once Africa's Biggest, Slips to Fourth Place – Bloomberg

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Nigeria’s economy, which ranked as Africa’s largest in 2022, is set to slip to fourth place this year and Egypt, which held the top position in 2023, is projected to fall to second behind South Africa after a series of currency devaluations, International Monetary Fund forecasts show.

The IMF’s World Economic Outlook estimates Nigeria’s gross domestic product at $253 billion based on current prices this year, lagging energy-rich Algeria at $267 billion, Egypt at $348 billion and South Africa at $373 billion.

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IMF Sees OPEC+ Oil Output Lift From July in Saudi Economic Boost – BNN Bloomberg

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(Bloomberg) — The International Monetary Fund expects OPEC and its partners to start increasing oil output gradually from July, a transition that’s set to catapult Saudi Arabia back into the ranks of the world’s fastest-growing economies next year. 

“We are assuming the full reversal of cuts is happening at the beginning of 2025,” Amine Mati, the lender’s mission chief to the kingdom, said in an interview in Washington, where the IMF and the World Bank are holding their spring meetings.

The view explains why the IMF is turning more upbeat on Saudi Arabia, whose economy contracted last year as it led the OPEC+ alliance alongside Russia in production cuts that squeezed supplies and pushed up crude prices. In 2022, record crude output propelled Saudi Arabia to the fastest expansion in the Group of 20.

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Under the latest outlook unveiled this week, the IMF improved next year’s growth estimate for the world’s biggest crude exporter from 5.5% to 6% — second only to India among major economies in an upswing that would be among the kingdom’s fastest spurts over the past decade. 

The fund projects Saudi oil output will reach 10 million barrels per day in early 2025, from what’s now a near three-year low of 9 million barrels. Saudi Arabia says its production capacity is around 12 million barrels a day and it’s rarely pumped as low as today’s levels in the past decade.

Mati said the IMF slightly lowered its forecast for Saudi economic growth this year to 2.6% from 2.7% based on actual figures for 2023 and the extension of production curbs to June. Bloomberg Economics predicts an expansion of 1.1% in 2024 and assumes the output cuts will stay until the end of this year.

Worsening hostilities in the Middle East provide the backdrop to a possible policy shift after oil prices topped $90 a barrel for the first time in months. The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries and its allies will gather on June 1 and some analysts expect the group may start to unwind the curbs.

After sacrificing sales volumes to support the oil market, Saudi Arabia may instead opt to pump more as it faces years of fiscal deficits and with crude prices still below what it needs to balance the budget.

Saudi Arabia is spending hundreds of billions of dollars to diversify an economy that still relies on oil and its close derivatives — petrochemicals and plastics — for more than 90% of its exports.

Restrictive US monetary policy won’t necessarily be a drag on Saudi Arabia, which usually moves in lockstep with the Federal Reserve to protect its currency peg to the dollar. 

Mati sees a “negligible” impact from potentially slower interest-rate cuts by the Fed, given the structure of the Saudi banks’ balance sheets and the plentiful liquidity in the kingdom thanks to elevated oil prices.

The IMF also expects the “non-oil sector growth momentum to remain strong” for at least the next couple of years, Mati said, driven by the kingdom’s plans to develop industries from manufacturing to logistics.

The kingdom “has undertaken many transformative reforms and is doing a lot of the right actions in terms of the regulatory environment,” Mati said. “But I think it takes time for some of those reforms to materialize.”

©2024 Bloomberg L.P.

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IMF Boss Says ‘All Eyes’ on US Amid Risks to Global Economy – BNN Bloomberg

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(Bloomberg) — The head of the International Monetary Fund warned the US that the global economy is closely watching interest rates and industrial policies given the potential spillovers from the world’s biggest economy and reserve currency. 

“All eyes are on the US,” Kristalina Georgieva said in an interview on Bloomberg’s Surveillance on Thursday. 

The two biggest issues, she said, are “what is going to happen with inflation and interest rates” and “how is the US going to navigate this world of more intrusive government policies.”

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The sustained strength of the US dollar is “concerning” for other currencies, particularly the lack of clarity on how long that may last. 

“That’s what I hear from countries,” said the leader of the fund, which has about 190 members. “How long will the Fed be stuck with higher interest rates?”

Georgieva was speaking on the sidelines of the IMF and World Bank’s spring meetings in Washington, where policymakers have been debating the impacts of Washington and Beijing’s policies and their geopolitical rivalry. 

Read More: A Resilient Global Economy Masks Growing Debt and Inequality

Georgieva said the IMF is optimistic that the conditions will be right for the Federal Reserve to start cutting rates this year. 

“The Fed is not yet prepared, and rightly so, to cut,” she said. “How fast? I don’t think we should gear up for a rapid decline in interest rates.”

The IMF chief also repeated her concerns about China devoting too much capital and labor toward export-oriented manufacturing, causing other countries, including the US, to retaliate with protectionist policies.

China Overcapacity

“If China builds overcapacity and pushes exports that create reciprocity of action, then we are in a world of more fragmentation not less, and that ultimately is not good for China,” Georgieva said.

“What I want to see China doing is get serious about reforms, get serious about demand and consumption,” she added.

A number of countries have recently criticized China for what they see as excessive state subsidies for manufacturers, particularly in clean energy sectors, that might flood global markets with cheap goods and threaten competing firms.

US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen hammered at the theme during a recent trip to China, repeatedly calling on Beijing to shift its economic policy toward stimulating domestic demand.

Chinese officials have acknowledged the risk of overcapacity in some areas, but have largely portrayed the criticism as overblown and hypocritical, coming from countries that are also ramping up clean energy subsidies.

(Updates with additional Georgieva comments from eighth paragraph.)

©2024 Bloomberg L.P.

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