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Toronto’s Refugee Crisis: The Struggles, Sacrifices, and Systemic Gaps Affecting African Migrants

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As of March 25, 2024, the City of Toronto is grappling with a massive influx of refugees, supporting 12,295 individuals across its shelter system and other housing programs. Of these, over 50 percent—more than 6,300 people—are refugee claimants, many of whom have arrived from African nations amid deep poverty, political turmoil, and widespread discrimination.

The crisis began in May 2023, when Toronto’s already overburdened shelter system was hit with an unexpected surge of African refugees, multiplying the number of asylum seekers by more than 500 percent. With Toronto’s shelter system already stretched beyond capacity, the sudden influx overwhelmed existing resources and set off a cascade of challenges that neither the city nor the federal government was fully prepared to handle.

The scene outside Toronto’s Peter Street shelter in July 2023 starkly illustrated the city’s growing refugee crisis. Dozens of refugees, many from Uganda, Kenya, and Nigeria, were left stranded on the streets as city officials and federal agencies squabbled over responsibilities. Refugees like Fatima Yusef, a Ugandan asylum seeker, found themselves caught in a bureaucratic nightmare. “We called the city, and when we talked to them they said to call the federal government, but when we call them they tell us to call the city,” Yusef recounted.

The inaction highlighted the glaring gap in support for refugees. When Deputy Mayor Jennifer McKelvie announced that Toronto shelters would start turning away refugee claimants and referring them to federally funded shelters, the reality hit hard: there were no such shelters funded by the federal government. This lack of coordinated response between municipal and federal authorities left thousands of refugees without adequate support.

The surge in refugee claimants from African countries and other nations like Syria, Venezuela, Afghanistan, and Myanmar is driven by multiple factors—famine, civil war, climate change, and widespread discrimination, particularly against LGBTQIA+ individuals. Many African countries have introduced draconian anti-LGBTQIA+ laws, forcing people to flee for their lives.

According to the UN Refugee Agency, Canada received over 144,000 asylum claims in 2023—a record number that far surpassed previous years. However, the influx of refugees has exposed deep flaws in Canada’s refugee support system.

Canada’s refugee system differentiates between convention refugees—those invited to Canada by the federal government—and refugee claimants, or asylum seekers, who apply for protection after arriving. The latter group faces a lengthy and costly process, often lasting years, before they can access basic services such as healthcare. Without legal recognition, refugee claimants are left in limbo, dependent on overwhelmed municipal and provincial systems for their survival.

Despite Canada’s commitment as a signatory to the UN Convention on the Rights of Refugees, the federal government has started deporting asylum seekers at a rapid pace. Between 2022 and 2023, Canada deported more than 23,000 undocumented migrants, spending over $111 million in the process.

Amid the systemic failures, Toronto’s Black community mobilized to provide urgent relief for stranded refugees. With the city’s shelter system unable to accommodate the influx, local Black churches opened their doors to the homeless.

Pastor Judith James of Revivaltime Tabernacle, Pastor Eddie Jjumba of Dominion Church International, and Nadine Miller, director of Pilgrim Feast Tabernacles, were among the leaders on the front lines. These churches, despite lacking sufficient resources, provided shelter, food, and support to hundreds of refugees. Pastor Eddie’s church alone housed over 215 refugees, many sleeping on the floor or in makeshift beds.

Pastor Judith recalled the emotional toll of the crisis, spending countless nights in her church with refugees who had fled unimaginable hardships, including political violence and persecution based on their sexuality. “Between July and September, we brought in over 1,000 people,” she said. “But we served over 4,000 because we were cooking and dropping off food at other locations.”

While the churches’ efforts were heroic, the financial toll has been devastating. Dominion Church incurred over $800,000 in eligible expenses, yet the City of Toronto could only reimburse just over 50 percent of that amount. Pilgrim Feast Tabernacles, now $1.5 million in debt, had to close its doors to refugees by the end of October 2023, although they continue to support some individuals discreetly.

Despite this, the pastors and their congregations have no regrets. “We are laser-focused on making sure this does not happen again,” said Pastor Judith.

The community’s collective response also exposed the glaring inequities faced by Black refugees. As Pastor Eddie poignantly observed, “If all those refugees sleeping on your church floor and on the street had been white people, how long do you think it would have taken the government to act?”

In response to the escalating crisis, the federal government pledged $22 million in upfront funding to support the establishment of a new refugee reception centre in Peel Region. However, the amount falls far short of what is needed, and negotiations between federal, provincial, and regional governments continue. The federal government insists on its contribution, but Peel Region refuses to open the reception centre until it is fully funded and sustained annually.

Meanwhile, as political leaders debate funding and responsibilities, refugees continue to arrive on Toronto’s streets, and winter is approaching. The question remains: will enough be done to prevent further tragedies?

The refugee crisis in Toronto highlights the critical need for systemic reform in Canada’s immigration system. As Black community leaders continue to provide support with limited resources, the federal and provincial governments must work together to implement long-term solutions that address both the immediate needs of refugees and the structural inequities that put their lives at risk.

With more refugees on the way, Toronto’s future depends on whether Canada can rise to the challenge and provide the compassionate, coordinated support that these asylum seekers so desperately need.

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‘Do the work’: Ottawa urges both sides in B.C. port dispute to restart talks

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VANCOUVER – The federal government is urging both sides in the British Columbia port dispute to return to the table after Saturday’s collapse of mediated talks to end the lockout at container terminals that has entered its second week.

A statement issued by the office of federal Labour Minister Steven MacKinnon on Monday said both the port employers and the union representing more than 700 longshore supervisors “must understand the urgency of the situation.”

The statement also urged both sides to “do the work necessary to reach an agreement.”

“Canadians are counting on them,” the statement from MacKinnon’s office said.

The lockout at B.C. container terminals including those in Vancouver — Canada’s largest port — began last week after the BC Maritime Employers Association said members of International Longshore and Warehouse Union Ship and Dock Foremen Local 514 began strike activity in response to a “final offer” from employers.

The union said the plan was only for an overtime ban and a refusal to implement automation technology, calling the provincewide lockout a reckless overreaction.

On Saturday, the two sides began what was scheduled to be up to three days of mediated talks, after MacKinnon spoke to both sides and said on social media that there was a “concerning lack of urgency” to resolve the dispute.

But the union said the talks lasted “less than one hour” Saturday without resolution, accusing the employers of cutting them off.

The employers denied ending the talks, saying the mediator concluded the discussions after “there was no progress made” in talks conducted separately with the association and the union.

“The BCMEA went into the meeting with open minds and seeking to achieve a negotiated settlement at the bargaining table,” a statement from the employers said.

“In a sincere effort to bring these drawn-out negotiations to a close, the BCMEA provided a competitive offer to ILWU Local 514 … the offer did not require any concessions from the union and, if accepted, would have ended this dispute.”

The employers said the offer includes a 19.2 per cent wage increase over a four-year term along with an average lump sum payment of $21,000 per qualified worker, but the union said it did not address staffing levels given the advent of port automation technology in terminals such as DP World’s Centerm in Vancouver.

After talks broke off, the union accused the employers of “showing flagrant disregard for the seriousness of their lockout.”

Local 514 president Frank Morena said in a statement on Saturday that the union is “calling on the actual individual employers who run the terminals to order their bargaining agent — the BCMEA — to get back to the table.”

“We believe the individual employers who actually run the terminals need to step up and order their bargaining agent to get back to the table and start negotiations and stop the confrontation,” Morena said.

No further talks are currently scheduled.

According to the Canada Labour Code, the labour minister or either party in a dispute can request a mediator to “make recommendations for settlement of the dispute or the difference.”

In addition, Section 107 of the Code gives the minister additional powers to take action that “seem likely to maintain or secure industrial peace and to promote conditions favourable to the settlement of industrial disputes,” and could direct the Canada Industrial Relations Board “to do such things as the Minister deems necessary.”

Liam McHugh-Russell, assistant professor at Schulich School of Law at Dalhousie University, said Section 107 “is very vague about what it allows a minister to do.”

“All it says is that the minister can refer a problem and a solution to the Labour Board. They can ask the Labour Board to try and solve the problem,” he said.

“Maybe the minister will try to do that. It remains to be seen.”

The other option if mediated talks fail — beyond the parties reaching a solution on their own — would be a legislated return to work, which would be an exception to the normal way labour negotiations operate under the Labour Code.

Parliament is not scheduled to sit this week and will return on Nov. 18.

The labour strife at B.C. ports is happening at the same time another dispute is disrupting Montreal, Canada’s second-largest port.

The employers there locked out almost 1,200 workers on Sunday night after a “final” offer was not accepted, greatly reducing operations.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 11, 2024.



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Man facing 1st-degree murder in partner’s killing had allegedly threatened her before

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LONGUEUIL, Que. – A man charged with first-degree murder in the death of his partner in a Montreal suburb was out on bail for uttering threats against her when she was killed.

Shilei Du was charged today with the killing of 29-year-old Guangmei Ye in Candiac, Que., about 15 kilometres southwest of Montreal.

Sgt. Frédéric Deshaies of the Quebec provincial police says their investigators were called by local police to a home in Candiac at about noon on Sunday.

The charges filed at the Longueuil courthouse against 36-year-old Du allege the killing took place on or around Nov. 7.

According to court files, Du had previously appeared at the same courthouse for allegedly uttering threats to cause death or bodily harm against Ye on Sept. 7.

Du pleaded not guilty the following day and was released on bail one day later. He had been present in court on the uttering threats charges on Nov. 6.

Du, whose current address is listed in Montreal, was arrested on Sunday at the home where Ye was killed.

The case is scheduled to return to court on Nov. 19.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 11, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.



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Wisconsin’s high court to hear oral arguments on whether an 1849 abortion ban remains valid

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MADISON, Wis. (AP) — The Wisconsin Supreme Court will hear oral arguments Monday on whether a law that legislators adopted more than a decade before the Civil War bans abortion and can still be enforced.

Abortion rights advocates stand an excellent chance of prevailing, given that liberal justices control the court and one of them remarked on the campaign trail that she supports abortion rights. Monday’s arguments are little more than a formality ahead of a ruling, which is expected to take weeks.

Wisconsin lawmakers passed the state’s first prohibition on abortion in 1849. That law stated that anyone who killed a fetus unless the act was to save the mother’s life was guilty of manslaughter. Legislators passed statutes about a decade later that prohibited a woman from attempting to obtain her own miscarriage. In the 1950s, lawmakers revised the law’s language to make killing an unborn child or killing the mother with the intent of destroying her unborn child a felony. The revisions allowed a doctor in consultation with two other physicians to perform an abortion to save the mother’s life.

The U.S. Supreme Court’s landmark 1973 Roe v. Wade ruling legalizing abortion nationwide nullified the Wisconsin ban, but legislators never repealed it. When the Supreme Court overturned Roe two years ago, conservatives argued that the Wisconsin ban was enforceable again.

Democratic Attorney General Josh Kaul filed a lawsuit challenging the law in 2022. He argued that a 1985 Wisconsin law that allows abortions before a fetus can survive outside the womb supersedes the ban. Some babies can survive with medical help after 21 weeks of gestation.

Sheboygan County District Attorney Joel Urmanski, a Republican, argues the 1849 ban should be enforceable. He contends that it was never repealed and that it can co-exist with the 1985 law because that law didn’t legalize abortion at any point. Other modern-day abortion restrictions also don’t legalize the practice, he argues.

Dane County Circuit Judge Diane Schlipper ruled last year that the old ban outlaws feticide — which she defined as the killing of a fetus without the mother’s consent — but not consensual abortions. The ruling emboldened Planned Parenthood to resume offering abortions in Wisconsin after halting procedures after Roe was overturned.

Urmanski asked the state Supreme Court in February to overturn Schlipper’s ruling without waiting for lower appellate courts to rule first. The court agreed to take the case in July.

Planned Parenthood of Wisconsin filed a separate lawsuit in February asking the state Supreme Court to rule directly on whether a constitutional right to abortion exists in the state. The court agreed in July to take that case as well. The justices have yet to schedule oral arguments.

Persuading the court’s liberal majority to uphold the ban appears next to impossible. Liberal Justice Janet Protasiewicz stated openly during her campaign that she supports abortion rights, a major departure for a judicial candidate. Usually, such candidates refrain from speaking about their personal views to avoid the appearance of bias.

The court’s three conservative justices have accused the liberals of playing politics with abortion.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.



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