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Week in Review: Pandemics and Politics – Balkan Insight

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Going Nowhere Quickly


Pedestrians walk in the Serb dominated northern part of the ethnically divided town of Mitrovica, Kosovo, 2020. Photo: EPA-EFE/VALDRIN XHEMAJ

If the dialogue on normalising relations between Kosovo and Serbia was not complicated enough, the COVID-19 pandemic has added another layer of complexity. So has the recent vote of no confidence in the Kosovo Government.

Our analysis explores the challenges facing negotiations between Belgrade and Pristina, over and above the usual disagreements. Analysts seem to agree that it is unrealistic to expect any progress until the pandemic subsides. Yet even after that, numerous challenges will remain – Serbia will hold elections, while Kosovo will need to resolve its own political crisis. Not least, rival mediators are competing to lead the dialogue.

Read more: Pandemic Adds Fresh Uncertainty to Kosovo-Serbia Dialogue (April 16, 2020)


Power Politics


Turkish Military Cargo Plane which carries medical aid lands Sarajevo International Airport Photo: Twitter account of NATO Headquarters Sarajevo

Powers great and small from around the world are competing with each other to provide medical aid to the countries of the Balkan region – at least in part to counterbalance each other’s influence – albeit at differing speeds.

Despite a growing pandemic crisis at home, Turkey is racing not to be outdone, or at least to remain at the table. Turkish military planes bearing aid landed in Belgrade, Podgorica, Pristina, Sarajevo and Skopje bearing medical aid on April 8. The aid came with the best wishes of Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. Yet while Turkey rushes to project power in the region, a crisis rages closer to home.

Read more: With Balkan Aid Flights, Turkey Projects Big-Power Image (April 10, 2020)


Risky Ideas


People in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2020. Photo: EPA-EFE/FEHIM DEMIR

In what seems to have been a clumsy attempt to prevent the spread of COVID 19, Bosnia’s Croat-dominated Canton 10 attempted on March 22 to prevent the entry of other Bosnian citizens – apart from the police, army and medics – into the canton. The rationale was that the canton was, on the one hand, still corona-free, while on the other it lacked the resources to handle any outbreak.

The decision was quickly withdrawn after outrage in Sarajevo, where Bosniak politicians saw the move as unconstitutional, even claiming it smacked of separatism, or an attempt to force the creation of a long-mooted third entity. In light of this, Valentino Grbavac offers a thought-provoking analysis of what Bosnian Croat politicians really want. Despite their rhetoric about a third entity, as well as broad support among Bosnian Croats for the idea, Grbavac argues that those same political elites would stand to lose much from the implementation of such an idea.

Read more: Third Entity Would Destroy Bosnia’s Croat Political Elite (April 10, 2020)


Stuck


Migrants at a military barrack in Blazuj, suburbs of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Photo: EPA-EFE/FEHIM DEMIR

One of the neglected aspects of the coronavirus pandemic in the Balkans is how it is affecting migrants and refugees stuck in camps along the ‘Balkan route’. Social distancing and lock downs are bad enough for those stuck in their homes.

But what about those stuck in camps which lack basic amenities even at the best of times? Our report looks at how migrants and refugees stuck in these camps are coping in Bosnia and Serbia.

Read more: Movement Ban Worsens Migrants’ Plight in Serbia, Bosnia (April 9, 2020)


Pollution Problems


Power plant Kostolac, B block, in eastern Serbia. Photo: eps.rs

Air pollution is one of the biggest, yet probably least talked about killers in Serbia, as in much of the Balkans. Some estimates put the number of pollution-related deaths at 175 per 100,000 people, one of the highest in Europe. The World Health Organization estimates that around 6,500 people die prematurely in Serbia due to poor air quality each year.

Despite this, the Serbian Government has done remarkably little to reign in the country’s coal-fired power plants, one of the main sources of the problem. At the beginning of the year, Europe’s Energy Community opened proceedings against Serbia due to the country’s failure to adopt a national harmful emissions strategy. We analyse the scale of the problem and what is (not) being done about it.

Read more: No Limits: Serbia Fails to Rein in Coal-Fired Polluters (April 15, 2020)


Flying the Flag(s)


Young Montenegrin girls wrap the national flag. Photo: EPA/BORIS PEJOVIC

Flying flags might seem like a benign topic at first sight, but in many countries it is a sensitive issue. This is particularly so in the countries of the former Yugoslavia, with their burdens of recent wars and sizeable ethnic minorities.

Montenegro is one country which has, until recently, had very restrictive laws on the flying of flags of other nations. Last December, the law was relaxed somewhat to allow the flying of flags of recognized minorities, albeit alongside the Montenegrin flag. Yet many representatives of non-Montenegrin communities complain that the legal framework is still too restrictive.

Read more: Montenegro Loosens Rules on National Flags, but Debate Still Rages (April 13, 2020)

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‘Disgraceful:’ N.S. Tory leader slams school’s request that military remove uniform

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HALIFAX – Nova Scotia Premier Tim Houston says it’s “disgraceful and demeaning” that a Halifax-area school would request that service members not wear military uniforms to its Remembrance Day ceremony.

Houston’s comments were part of a chorus of criticism levelled at the school — Sackville Heights Elementary — whose administration decided to back away from the plan after the outcry.

A November newsletter from the school in Middle Sackville, N.S., invited Armed Forces members to attend its ceremony but asked that all attendees arrive in civilian attire to “maintain a welcoming environment for all.”

Houston, who is currently running for re-election, accused the school’s leaders of “disgracing themselves while demeaning the people who protect our country” in a post on the social media platform X Thursday night.

“If the people behind this decision had a shred of the courage that our veterans have, this cowardly and insulting idea would have been rejected immediately,” Houston’s post read. There were also several calls for resignations within the school’s administration attached to Houston’s post.

In an email to families Thursday night, the school’s principal, Rachael Webster, apologized and welcomed military family members to attend “in the attire that makes them most comfortable.”

“I recognize this request has caused harm and I am deeply sorry,” Webster’s email read, adding later that the school has the “utmost respect for what the uniform represents.”

Webster said the initial request was out of concern for some students who come from countries experiencing conflict and who she said expressed discomfort with images of war, including military uniforms.

Her email said any students who have concerns about seeing Armed Forces members in uniform can be accommodated in a way that makes them feel safe, but she provided no further details in the message.

Webster did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

At a news conference Friday, Houston said he’s glad the initial request was reversed but said he is still concerned.

“I can’t actually fathom how a decision like that was made,” Houston told reporters Friday, adding that he grew up moving between military bases around the country while his father was in the Armed Forces.

“My story of growing up in a military family is not unique in our province. The tradition of service is something so many of us share,” he said.

“Saying ‘lest we forget’ is a solemn promise to the fallen. It’s our commitment to those that continue to serve and our commitment that we will pass on our respects to the next generation.”

Liberal Leader Zach Churchill also said he’s happy with the school’s decision to allow uniformed Armed Forces members to attend the ceremony, but he said he didn’t think it was fair to question the intentions of those behind the original decision.

“We need to have them (uniforms) on display at Remembrance Day,” he said. “Not only are we celebrating (veterans) … we’re also commemorating our dead who gave the greatest sacrifice for our country and for the freedoms we have.”

NDP Leader Claudia Chender said that while Remembrance Day is an important occasion to honour veterans and current service members’ sacrifices, she said she hopes Houston wasn’t taking advantage of the decision to “play politics with this solemn occasion for his own political gain.”

“I hope Tim Houston reached out to the principal of the school before making a public statement,” she said in a statement.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 8, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Saskatchewan NDP’s Beck holds first caucus meeting after election, outlines plans

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REGINA – Saskatchewan Opposition NDP Leader Carla Beck says she wants to prove to residents her party is the government in waiting as she heads into the incoming legislative session.

Beck held her first caucus meeting with 27 members, nearly double than what she had before the Oct. 28 election but short of the 31 required to form a majority in the 61-seat legislature.

She says her priorities will be health care and cost-of-living issues.

Beck says people need affordability help right now and will press Premier Scott Moe’s Saskatchewan Party government to cut the gas tax and the provincial sales tax on children’s clothing and some grocery items.

Beck’s NDP is Saskatchewan’s largest Opposition in nearly two decades after sweeping Regina and winning all but one seat in Saskatoon.

The Saskatchewan Party won 34 seats, retaining its hold on all of the rural ridings and smaller cities.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 8, 2024.

The Canadian Press. All rights reserved.

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Nova Scotia election: Liberals say province’s immigration levels are too high

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HALIFAX – Nova Scotia‘s growing population was the subject of debate on Day 12 of the provincial election campaign, with Liberal Leader Zach Churchill arguing immigration levels must be reduced until the province can provide enough housing and health-care services.

Churchill said Thursday a plan by the incumbent Progressive Conservatives to double the province’s population to two million people by the year 2060 is unrealistic and unsustainable.

“That’s a big leap and it’s making life harder for people who live here, (including ) young people looking for a place to live and seniors looking to downsize,” he told a news conference at his campaign headquarters in Halifax.

Anticipating that his call for less immigration might provoke protests from the immigrant community, Churchill was careful to note that he is among the third generation of a family that moved to Nova Scotia from Lebanon.

“I know the value of immigration, the importance of it to our province. We have been built on the backs of an immigrant population. But we just need to do it in a responsible way.”

The Liberal leader said Tim Houston’s Tories, who are seeking a second term in office, have made a mistake by exceeding immigration targets set by the province’s Department of Labour and Immigration. Churchill said a Liberal government would abide by the department’s targets.

In the most recent fiscal year, the government welcomed almost 12,000 immigrants through its nominee program, exceeding the department’s limit by more than 4,000, he said. The numbers aren’t huge, but the increase won’t help ease the province’s shortages in housing and doctors, and the increased strain on its infrastructure, including roads, schools and cellphone networks, Churchill said.

“(The Immigration Department) has done the hard work on this,” he said. “They know where the labour gaps are, and they know what growth is sustainable.”

In response, Houston said his commitment to double the population was a “stretch goal.” And he said the province had long struggled with a declining population before that trend was recently reversed.

“The only immigration that can come into this province at this time is if they are a skilled trade worker or a health-care worker,” Houston said. “The population has grown by two per cent a year, actually quite similar growth to what we experienced under the Liberal government before us.”

Still, Houston said he’s heard Nova Scotians’ concerns about population growth, and he then pivoted to criticize Prime Minister Justin Trudeau for trying to send 6,000 asylum seekers to Nova Scotia, an assertion the federal government has denied.

Churchill said Houston’s claim about asylum seekers was shameful.

“It’s smoke and mirrors,” the Liberal leader said. “He is overshooting his own department’s numbers for sustainable population growth and yet he is trying to blame this on asylum seekers … who aren’t even here.”

In September, federal Immigration Minister Marc Miller said there is no plan to send any asylum seekers to the province without compensation or the consent of the premier. He said the 6,000 number was an “aspirational” figure based on models that reflect each province’s population.

In Halifax, NDP Leader Claudia Chender said it’s clear Nova Scotia needs more doctors, nurses and skilled trades people.

“Immigration has been and always will be a part of the Nova Scotia story, but we need to build as we grow,” Chender said. “This is why we have been pushing the Houston government to build more affordable housing.”

Chender was in a Halifax cafe on Thursday when she promised her party would remove the province’s portion of the harmonized sales tax from all grocery, cellphone and internet bills if elected to govern on Nov. 26. The tax would also be removed from the sale and installation of heat pumps.

“Our focus is on helping people to afford their lives,” Chender told reporters. “We know there are certain things that you can’t live without: food, internet and a phone …. So we know this will have the single biggest impact.”

The party estimates the measure would save the average Nova Scotia family about $1,300 a year.

“That’s a lot more than a one or two per cent HST cut,” Chender said, referring to the Progressive Conservative pledge to reduce the tax by one percentage point and the Liberal promise to trim it by two percentage points.

Elsewhere on the campaign trail, Houston announced that a Progressive Conservative government would make parking free at all Nova Scotia hospitals and health-care centres. The promise was also made by the Liberals in their election platform released Monday.

“Free parking may not seem like a big deal to some, but … the parking, especially for people working at the facilities, can add up to hundreds of dollars,” the premier told a news conference at his campaign headquarters in Halifax.

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 7, 2024.

— With files from Keith Doucette in Halifax

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